We report here paramagnetic dysprosium nanomaterial-based T(2) MRI contrast agents. A large r(2) and a negligible r(1) is an ideal condition for T(2) MR imaging. At this condition, protons are strongly and nearly exclusively induced for T(2) MR imaging. The dysprosium nanomaterials fairly satisfy this because they are found to ...

INTRODUCTION: This prospective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study in chronic low-back pain (CLBP) patients evaluated the natural course of degenerative lumbar spine changes in relation to Modic 1 type changes (M1) within 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 3,811 consecutive CLBP patients referred to lumbar spine MRI 54 patients with a ...

Objective: To describe clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features in dogs with compressive cervical myelopathy due to acute suspected hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion. Design: Retrospective case series. Animals: Ten dogs with compressive cervical myelopathy caused by acute suspected hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion. Materials and Methods: Medical records and magnetic resonance ...

Objective: To describe the patterns of enhancement of extradural intervertebral disc on chemically fat saturated gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images and to investigate the clinical and pathological associations with enhancement. Methods: Medical records and magnetic resonance images were reviewed from 30 dogs with histopathologically confirmed disc disease and enhancement on a ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether whole-body vibration (WBV) is associated with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc (PID) and nerve root entrapment among patients with low-back pain (LBP) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: A consecutive series of patients referred for lumbar MRI because of LBP were ...

The National Emergency X-ray Utilisation Study (NEXUS) criteria and the Canadian cervical spine rules are validated clinical decision-making tools used to facilitate selective cervical spine (C-spine) radiography. The NEXUS criteria are frequently used, as the Canadian cervical spine rules have been noted to be difficult to learn, remember and implement. ...

CONCEPT: Spondylodiscitis refers to an infection affecting the intervertebral disk, the vertebral body or the posterior arch of the vertebra being aetiologically, pyogenic, granulomatous (tuberculosis, brucellosis, or fungal infection) or parasitic. DIAGNOSIS: Spondylodiscitis diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, a combination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate with C-reactive protein (CRP) tests ...

We report a case of 33-year-old man who had clinically suspicious spontaneous intracranial hypotension owing to aggravated headache after sitting and standing. Radionuclide cisternography revealed slightly asymmetric uptake at bilateral paraspinal regions of upper T spine, and a focal area of increased uptake at left paraspinal region of lower T ...

There are very limited reports of aplasia of bilateral submandibular glands associated with bilateral sublingual gland hypertrophy. We report the case of a 13-year-old girl with bilateral submandibular gland aplasia associated with symmetrical sublingual gland hypertrophy that herniated from bilateral mylohyoid defects and presented as bilateral masses on CT and ...

Surgical decision-making in lumbar spinal stenosis involves assessment of clinical parameters and the severity of the radiological stenosis. We suspected that surgeons based surgical decisions more on dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA) than on the morphology of the dural sac. We carried out a survey among members of three European ...

Compared with other diagnostic methods, ultrasound is proven to be a safe, simple, non-invasive and cost-effective imaging technique, but the resolution is not comparable to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound employing microbubbles can gain a better resolution and is now widely used to diagnose a number of ...

Magnetic nanoparticles, mostly iron oxide-based nanoparticles, have long been used as contrasting agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications, heat mediators in hyperthermia treatments and carriers for targeted drug delivery. Magnetic nanoparticles offer some attractive characteristics for targeted drug delivery such as drug carrying ability, nano-scale dimensions and magnetism-driven selective ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations for anatomical studies on collection specimens are becoming more and more frequent. As the presence of metallic objects within the specimens can disturb the acquisition of images and damage both specimens and materials, a simple protocol using radiographs is here proposed to detect these objects ...

PURPOSE: Imaging of the cervical spine in functional positions has so far been limited to conventional X-ray examinations or the scarcely available open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An MRI compatible positioning device allows MRI examinations in various positions and even in motion. In combination with high-resolution T2-weighted MRI it allows ...

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is considered a standard neurosurgical treatment for cervical degenerative disc disease, but the methods for determining fusion after ACDF that involves the use of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage are not well defined. The authors examine an image finding called "PEEK double lucency" that may ...

SUMMARY:Intracranial hypotension is a rare cause of persistent headache mostly originating from a dural CSF leak. If a conservative treatment fails, a minimally invasive EBP can lead to a successful sealing of such a leak. Independent of the leakage site, an EBP is usually applied at the lumbar level with ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and nature of lumbar spinal abnormalities in adolescent cricket fast bowlers. DESIGN: Observational study. METHODS: 46 asymptomatic fast bowlers aged 13-18 years participated in the study and were grouped into under-15 (U15), under-17 (U17) and under-19 (U19) classifications. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging of ...

Purpose:To compare the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in patients with acute whiplash injury with those in matched control subjects.Materials and Methods:In a prospective multicenter controlled study, from 2005 to 2008, 100 consecutive patients underwent 1.5-T MR imaging examinations of the cervical spine within 48 hours after a motor vehicle ...

The purpose of this study was to compare half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) and T2-weighted (T2-W) sequences in dogs with thoracolumbar disc extrusion. MRI studies in 60 dogs (767 individual intervertebral disc spaces) were evaluated. Agreement between T2-W and HASTE sequences was assessed for two criteria: presence of an extradural ...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to present the CT and MRI findings of patients with fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the spine.Methods: Among the patients with pathologically proven skeletal FD, 12 (8 males and 4 females; mean age, 43 years) who were evaluated with either spine CT or MRI ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of single voxel (1)H MRS in the discrimination of benign and malignant bone tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients (64 male, 19 female), presenting with a bone tumor, were examined on a 1.5T MRI scanner. Using pathological results as a gold standard, there were ...

T(2) relaxation time mapping provides information about the biochemical status of intervertebral discs. The present study aimed to determine whether texture features extracted from T(2) maps or geometric parameters are sensitive to the presence of abnormalities at the posterior aspect of lumbar intervertebral discs, i.e. bulging and herniation. Thirty-one patients ...

STUDY DESIGN:: Cadaveric Study. OBJECTIVE:: To compare a fluoroscopic imaging system with computed tomography (CT) and radiographs in detection of spondylolysis and radiation exposure in a cadaver model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:: Lumbar spondylolysis is defined as a defect or fracture of the pars interarticularis and occurs with or without ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review the structure of bone marrow and the differential diagnosis of bone marrow pathology on the basis of T1-weighted MRI patterns. CONCLUSION: Bone marrow is an organ that is evaluated routinely during MRI of the spine, particularly lumbar spine evaluation. Thus, it ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the mid-term effects of implant of dynamic neutralization system (Dynesys) on disc tissue in patients with lumbar discopathy, through the quantification of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) concentration, both in treated and adjacent levels, by analysis of delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI contrast (dGEMRIC) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with low ...

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used to assess the lumbar spine, there are few reports in the medical literature that have evaluated using MRI immediately following spinal surgery. Furthermore, descriptions of the subdural changes after lumbar spine surgery are also infrequent. In this paper, we present two cases ...

INTRODUCTION: A 47-year-old male with a history of recurrent low-back pain presented with acute left radiculopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The CT and MR scans showed a severe osteochondrosis of the L4/5 segment, a broad protrusion of the disc annulus and extrusion of nucleus material into the spinal canal on the ...

STUDY DESIGN:: Prospective study of 30 patients suspected of suffering from far lateral lumbar disk herniation. OBJECTIVE:: To assess the diagnostic and clinical value of a new technique 3-T magnetic resonance myelography (MRM) in patients with far lateral disk herniation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:: No studies have reported regarding the ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe six cases with spontaneous resorption of sequestrated intervertebral disc herniation observed using magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, the possible mechanisms, predictive factors of spontaneous disappearance of the sequestrated disc herniation, and the proper surgical timing were discussed and reviewed in literature. ...

Accurate and objective evaluation of vertebral deformations is of significant importance in clinical diagnostics and therapy of pathological conditions affecting the spine. Although modern clinical practice is focused on three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques, the established methods for evaluation of vertebral deformations are limited ...

The objectives of this study were to determine the rate of acute blunt cervical spine injury at an academic urban level 1 trauma center and to evaluate the utilization of cervical spine imaging based on the established American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria®. We retrospectively reviewed all radiography and ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the sensitivity of computed tomography (CT) and myelography to a reference standard of CT myelography for determining localization of Type I intervertebral disc extrusions in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective blinded comparative study. ANIMALS: Dogs with acute onset myelopathy because of suspected disc extrusions (n = 30). METHODS: ...

PURPOSE: Information on Magnetic Resonance (MR) features of active and healed lesions in tuberculosis (TB) spine are lacking. We evaluated MRI findings in active and healed proven TB spine to establish the diagnostic features. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Forty-nine consecutive spinal TB patients (20 male; 29 female) diagnosed clinicoradiologically and/or on ...

We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for the spine in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SNS) and discuss the indications for MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of this type of patients. We describe the pathological aspects of four patients diagnosed with SNS (Crohn's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriasis) ...

BackgroundCervical total disc replacement (CTDR) is an alternative to anterior fusion. Therefore, it is desirable to have an accurate in vivo measurement of prosthetic kinematics and assessment of implant stability relative to the adjacent vertebrae.PurposeTo devise an in vivo CT-based method to analyze the kinematics of cervical total disc replacements ...

Spinal MR images acquired from canine patients over a 7-year period were reviewed for the presence of vertebral endplate changes. Seventy-five dogs with 76 distinct lesions were identified. Presumptive diagnoses fell into five categories: reactive endplate changes (10 dogs/13.2%), discospondylitis (29 dogs/38.2%), vertebral osteochondrosis (7 dogs/9.2%), intravertebral disc herniation (Schmorl's ...

BackgroundLateral lumbar spinal canal stenosis is a common etiology of lumbar radicular symptoms. Quantitative measurements have commonly demonstrated better repeatability than visual assessments. We are not aware of any studies examining the repeatability of quantitative assessment of the lateral canal.PurposeTo evaluate the repeatability of visual assessments and newly developed quantitative ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of 2D multiplanar reformatting images (MPR) obtained from rotational acquisitions with cone-beam computed tomography technology during percutaneous extra-vascular spinal procedures performed in the angiography suite. METHODS: We used a 3D rotational angiographic unit with a flat panel detector. MPR ...

Objectives: The radiological evaluation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of demonstrating the morphological features of the disc and the condyle in closed and open mouth positions using MRI. We aimed to determine elasticity of the disc by measuring the amount of elongation during mouth opening. Methods: The study population ...

We assessed lymph drainage in living mice by an integrated imaging method using fluorescence imaging (FLI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mice were subcutaneously injected with quantum dots and gadofluorine 8 into the right rear footpad. They were fixed on a transparent flat plate and underwent FLI and MRI successively. ...

Intervertebral disk calcification in children is an uncommon self-limiting disease, which can cause symptoms like neck pain or torticollis, and can be treated with conservative management. The calcified disk material can herniate anteriorly, inducing dysphagia, or herniate posteriorly, causing neurologic symptoms secondary to spinal cord compression. We report computed tomography ...

STUDY DESIGN.: Systematic review. OBJECTIVE.: To systematically search for critically appraise and summarize studies that (1) evaluated the association between degenerative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes and chronic low back pain (CLBP) and (2) compared surgical and nonsurgical treatment of these degenerative MRI changes. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: The role ...

Low back pain has a negative impact on the economy and society. Intervertebral disk degeneration is linked to the occurrence of low back pain. MRI provides three-dimensional morphologic and biochemical information regarding the status of the disk. This article reviews new and evolving MRI disk-imaging techniques, including grading, relaxation-time measurements, ...

The breeding of male layer chickens is currently considered to be highly uneconomical. In Germany alone, 40 to 50 million newly hatched male chickens were killed annually immediately after hatching. Therefore, it is necessary to find a method for sexing chickens early in the embryonic development, preferably before incubation. The ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to compare the radiation dose of conventional fluoroscopy-guided lumbar epidural steroid injections (ESIs) and CT fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided lumbar ESI using both clinical data and anthropomorphic phantoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of dose parameters for 14 conventional fluoroscopy ESI procedures ...

The authors present a rare case of lumbar vertebral hemangioma extending to the epidural space with a bisected appearance and impinging on thecal sac. This 52-year-old lady presented with one year history of low back pain and bilateral leg radiation. Plain radiography showed vertical linear streaks at L2 vertebral body ...

A 75-year-old female visited our hospital with bilateral adrenal masses that were detected incidentally during lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of radiating flank pain. Consecutive computed tomography and MRI revealed bilateral adrenal masses with no evidence of lymph node enlargement or local invasion; 2[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission ...

Idiopathic hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis (IHSP) is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by hypertrophic inflammation of the dura mater and various clinical courses that are from myelopathy. Although many associated diseases have been suggested, the etiology of IHSP is not well understood. The ideal treatment is controversial. In the first case, ...

ABSTRACT: Study Design. Prospective longitudinal studyObjective. To evaluate the recovery of the lumbar intervertebral discs after bed-restSummary of Background Data. Prolonged bed-rest is a useful model to understand the modelling and re-modelling of tissues due to disuse and re-loading, yet this process in the lumbar interverterbal discs has not been ...

Study Design. Retrospective analysis of lumbosacral radiculography using three dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) rendering in patients with extraforaminal disc herniation.Objective. To investigate the significance of lumbosacral radiculography as depicted by 3D MR rendering in the diagnosis of symptomatic extraforaminal disc herniation with or without foraminal extension.Summary of Background Data. ...