PURPOSE: To demonstrate the feasibility of a novel experimental method to quantitatively analyze fiber-network deformation in compressed cartilage by angle-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cartilage. METHODS: Three knee cartilage samples of an adult sheep were imaged in a high-resolution MRI scanner at 7 T. Main fiber orientation and its ...

Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) is a focal failure of endochondral ossification of the epiphysis characterized by the presence of cartilage flaps and osteochondral fragments. The objective of this study was to image epiphyseal development in the equine pelvic limb to determine whether there was a variation in site maturation that could ...

OBJECTIVE: Delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) facilitates non-invasive evaluation of the glycosaminoglycan content in articular cartilage. The primary aim of this study was to show that the dGEMRIC technique is able to monitor cartilage repair following regenerative cartilage treatment. DESIGN: Thirty-one patients with a focal cartilage lesion underwent ...

OBJECTIVE. This study evaluates the impact of toe traction and direct MR arthrography on the assessment of articular cartilage and plantar plates of the first and second metatarsophalangeal joints. MRI of five cadaveric feet was obtained utilizing four techniques: before arthrography without and with traction and after arthrography without and ...

OBJECTIVES: In the present work, we aim to identify changes in the cartilage texture of the injured knee in young, physically active, patients by computer analysis of MRI images based on 3.0T morphological sequences. METHODS: Fifty-three young patients with training injury or trauma in one knee underwent MRI and arthroscopy. ...

We investigated the efficacy of axial traction of the fingers combined with magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography in assessing the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint cartilage in cadavers. Cartilage was imaged and graded before/after MR arthrography, with/without traction, then correlated with cadaveric sectioning. The application of traction with MR arthrography is a promising ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcomes scores (KOOS) and the degree of tibiofemoral cartilage loss on plain radiography and 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We hypothesize that these subjective outcome ...

BACKGROUND:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used as a preoperative tool to estimate the size of articular cartilage defects to optimize treatment selection. However, the reliability of MRI sizing of cartilage defects is not well understood.Hypothesis/ PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to compare the size of knee articular cartilage ...

Purpose:To determine whether the addition of a T2 mapping sequence to a routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol could improve diagnostic performance in the detection of surgically confirmed cartilage lesions within the knee joint at 3.0 T.Materials and Methods:This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and the ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare morphologically normal appearing cartilage in two age groups with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and correlate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty femoral head specimens collected from ten lambs (group I) and ten young adult sheep (group II) underwent ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping are accurate techniques for measuring cartilage thickness in the metacarpus3/metatarsus3 (Mc3/Mt3) of Thoroughbred racehorses. Twenty-four Mc3/Mt3 cadaver specimens were acquired from six healthy racehorses. Cartilage thickness was measured from postintra-articular ...

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Laryngeal ultrasonography can provide valuable information when considering a diagnosis of arytenoid chondritis, but specific ultrasonographic parameters have not been defined. OBJECTIVES: To compare ultrasonographic findings of the arytenoid cartilages in horses with endoscopically diagnosed arytenoid chondritis with ultrasonographic findings of the arytenoid cartilages in normal ...

Purpose:To assess the use of diffusion-tensor (DT) imaging of articular cartilage to detect and grade early cartilage damage in human specimens with early signs of cartilage damage.Materials and Methods:This study was approved by the institutional review board. Forty-three cartilage-on-bone samples drilled from 21 human patellae were examined with 17.6-T magnetic ...

BACKGROUND: There are several methods that may be used to confirm the status of rib cartilage, such as physical examinations or chest radiography, for subjects with microtia. However, these methods are limited because of clinicians' inability to gain accurate information about the rib cartilage. We performed 3-dimensional chest computed tomography ...

PURPOSE: The menisci play a critical protective role for the knee joint through shock absorption and load distribution. We hypothesized that cartilage degeneration will be abruptly progressed if meniscal subluxation exceeds a critical point. METHODS: Of 56 cases that showed medial meniscal subluxation without cartilage degeneration of ipsilateral medial femoral ...

Management of orthopaedic infections relies on débridement and local delivery of antimicrobials; however, the distribution and concentration of locally delivered antimicrobials in postdébridement surgical sites is unknown. Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) has been proposed as an imaging surrogate for antimicrobials because it is similar in size and diffusion coefficient to gentamicin. Is ...

: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting elbow articular cartilage injuries through comparison of preoperative MRI and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) with arthroscopic findings. : Retrospective case analysis. : Tertiary care orthopedic private practice. : Consecutive series of 31 ...

BackgroundMRI is of increasing importance in the diagnostic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases, with depiction of mucosal enhancement obtained with conventional intravenous contrast. Routine clinical use of contrast agents has been carried out using intravenous injection for mucosal imaging. Contrast agents that specifically target the intestinal mucosa are therefore needed to ...

BACKGROUND: Microbicide gels studied for HIV prevention often are delivered via a single-use vaginal applicator. Using a contraceptive diaphragm such as the SILCS diaphragm for gel delivery could have advantages, including lower cost and additional pregnancy prevention. STUDY DESIGN: We performed an exploratory, nonblinded, randomized, crossover study among healthy, sexually ...

There is no doubt that magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRI CAs) can play a vital role in diagnosing diseases. Therefore, demand for new MRI CAs with an enhanced sensitivity and advanced functionalities is very high. Here, paramagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are reviewed as new potential candidates for either T(1) or ...

Nanostructured magnetic materials play an important role in increasing miniaturized devices. For the studies of their magnetic properties and behaviors, nanoscale imaging of magnetic field is indispensible. Here, using electron holography, the magnetization distribution of a TMR spin valve head of commercial design is investigated without and with a magnetic ...

The clinical advantage of MRI visualization of prostheses in soft tissue prolapses is very appealing as over 1 000 000 MRI-transparent synthetic meshes are implanted annually, and postoperative complications such as mesh shrinkage and migration are frequent. Here, the synthesis of a new material composed of a DTPA-Gd complex grafted onto a ...

Monodisperse water-soluble hexagonal phase Ln(3+) -doped NaGdF(4) upconverting nanocrystals (UCNCs) have been successfully fabricated by means of a fast, facile, and environmentally friendly microwave-assisted route with polyethylenimine as the surfactant. Fine-tuning of the UC emission from visible to near-IR and finally to white light has been achieved. Furthermore, studies of ...

We report a new in tube solid phase microextraction approach named magnetic in tube solid phase microextraction, magnetic-IT-SPME. Magnetic-IT-SPME has been developed taking advantage of magnetic microfluidic principles with the aim to improve extraction efficiency of IT-SPME systems. Firstly, a magnetic hybrid material formed by Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on SiO2 ...

OBJECTIVES: Metal-containing nanoparticles show great promise as x-ray contrast media and could enable reduced radiation dose, increased contrast, and the visualization of smaller anatomic features. In this study, we report progress toward these goals using a size-fractionated core-shell tantalum oxide nanoparticle contrast agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A core-shell tantalum oxide ...

It is found that Prussian Blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) possess a catalase-like activity to catalyse the breakdown of H(2) O(2) into oxygen (O(2) ) molecules under the neutral conditions (pH = 7.4). Based on this finding, we have developed a new strategy in which PBNPs can be excellent ultrasound (US) and ...

Magnetic liposomes offer opportunities as theranostic systems. The prerequisite for efficient imaging, tissue targeting or hyperthermia is high magnetic load of these vesicles. Here we describe the preparation of Ultra Magnetic Liposomes (UMLs), which may encapsulate iron oxide nanoparticles in a volume fraction of up to 30%. This remarkable magnetic ...

Gadolinium-labelled nanocomplexes offer prospects for the development of real-time, non-invasive imaging strategies to visualise the location of gene delivery by MRI. In this study, targeted nanoparticle formulations were prepared comprising a cationic liposome (L) containing a Gd-chelated lipid at 10, 15 and 20% by weight of total lipid, a receptor-targeted, ...

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively assess the technical performance of an augmented reality system for MR-guided spinal injection procedures. METHODS: The augmented reality system was used with a clinical 1.5-T MRI system. A total of 187 lumbosacral spinal injection procedures (epidural injection, spinal nerve root injection, facet joint injection, medial branch block, ...

We have proposed four dimensional (4D) digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR) for verifying a lung tumor position during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). An internal target volume (ITV) was defined based on two clinical target volumes (CTVs) delineated on maximum exhalation and maximum inhalation images acquired by 4D planning computed tomography ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of depicting fibre architecture of human uteri in vivo using 3 T MR diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) with a three-dimensional (3D) tractography approach. Quantitative results were provided. In vivo 3 T MR-DTI was performed on 30 volunteers (9 Caesarean delivery). ...

Strong resonant light scattering by individual spherical Si nanoparticles is demonstrated revealing pronounced resonances associated with the excitation of magnetic and electric modes in these nanoparticles. It is shown that the low-frequency resonance corresponds to the magnetic dipole excitation. Due to high permittivity, the magnetic dipole resonance is observed in ...

To develop an active delivery system that enhances visualization of nitinol cardiac occluder devices during deployment under real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We constructed an active delivery cable incorporating a loopless antenna and a custom titanium microscrew to secure the occluder devices. The delivery cable was tuned and matched to ...

The feasibility of the gadolinium-doped mesoporous silica nanocomposite Gd(2)O(3)@MCM-41 as a safe, effective MRI nanoprobe has been validated in the current investigation systematically from atomistic and molecular modeling to its synthesis and characterization on in vivo MR imaging and biocompatibility. The first-principles calculation indicates that it is nearly impossible for toxic ...

Multimodal imaging is highly desirable for accurate diagnosis because it can provide complementary in-formation of each imaging modality. In this study, multifunctional Fe3O4/TaOx core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized using a sol-gel reaction of tantalum (V) ethoxide in a microemulsion containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The resulting nanoparticles were biocompatible and exhibited prolonged circulation ...

Magnetic particles can combine two very selective processes in bioanalysis: the specific binding of analytes to the particle surface based on molecular recognition and the specific isolation of magnetic objects from complex sample mixtures. They have found numerous applications including cell isolation, immunoassays or DNA extraction. In this review recent ...

To perform functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies with olfactory stimulation, the stimulation device requires special properties including those of being non-conductive and non-magnetic. It should also be easily portable and should be small enough to be stored easily when not in use. However, presently only a limited number of ...

Macromolecular contrast agents have the potential to assist magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to their high relaxivity, but are not clinically useful because of toxicity due to poor clearance. We have prepared a biodegradable ketal-based polymer contrast agent which is designed to degrade rapidly at physiological pH by hydrolysis, in ...

Purpose: To describe the commissioning process for the first installed commercial MRI-guided IMRT system (ViewRay, Village of Oakwood, OH) and outline quality assurance methods for this novel treatment modality. Methods: The ViewRay™ System (510(k) pending) consists of a 0.35-T double-doughnut MRI coupled with a gantry that houses three Co-60 sources,each ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the anatomic distribution of gadolinium contrast medium by high-resolution surface-coil magnetic resonance imaging after peribulbar and retrobulbar injection. METHODS Comparative case series in which 4 healthy volunteers were randomized to peribulbar (n = 2) or retrobulbar (n = 2) injection of gadolinium and lidocaine hydrochloride, 2%, without epinephrine. Magnetic resonance imaging ...

Magnamosis creates a secure sutureless anastomosis through magnetic compression. In this study, we further develop and test delivery devices capable of creating a secure duodeno-colonic anastomosis using available minimally invasive endoscopic techniques. Eight pigs underwent general anesthesia. Colonoscopy was used to deliver 1 magnetic ring to the hepatic flexure. Simultaneously, ...

The fabrication and the study of the magnetic properties of CoCrPt/Ti nanostructures produced by sputtering onto ordered polymer templates are reported here. Samples exhibit a significant out-of-plane component of the magnetization higher than for planar films, and it is stronger for the thicker CoCrPt films, and for nanostructured films with ...

A new type of Mn-Cu-In-S diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dots was synthesized and reported for the first time. The quantum dots, with no highly toxic elements, not only show the same classic diluted magnetic behavior as Mn-doped CdSe, but also exhibit tunable luminescent properties in a relatively large window from ...

(19) F MRI offers high specificity but usually low sensitivity. Here, paramagnetic relaxation enhancement is assessed as a method to improve SNR efficiency in (19) F MRI. Compounds with short relaxation times are used that combine fluorine and a paramagnetic ion within the same molecule. Different molecular designs provide T(1) ...

Because of its unique chemical and physical properties, graphene oxide (GO) has attracted a large number of researchers to explore its biomedical applications in the past few years. Here, we synthesized a novel multifunctional nanocomposite based on GO and systemically investigated its applications for in vitro hepatocarcinoma diagnosis and treatment. ...

Here, dual-modal bioprobes for combined optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are reported. Gadolinium orthophosphate (GdPO(4)) nanorods co-doped with light-emitting lanthanide ions have been successfully prepared through a hydrothermal method. An efficient downconversion luminescence from Ce/Tb or Eu doped GdPO(4) nanorods and upconversion luminescence from Yb/Er co-doped GdPO(4) nanorods are ...

Doped nanocrystals of NaYF(4) and NaGdF(4) are currently studied as upconversion luminescence markers and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. An EPR investigation on the growth mechanism of NaYF(4) :Gd and NaGdF(4) nanocrystals showed that these nanomaterials grow in the standard oleic acid-based reaction medium by a dissolution/recrystallization mechanism and not ...

We have previously demonstrated aerosol delivery during conventional and high frequency oscillatory (HFOV) ventilation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in piglets. There are no reports on aerosol delivery during high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). To compare delivery of aerosolized gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) in 3 neonatal ventilator circuits: conventional mechanical ventilation, ...

Magnetic anisotropy of a set of octahedral Cr(III) complexes is studied theoretically. The magnetic anisotropy is quantified in terms of zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameter <italic>D</italic>, which appeared sensitive towards ligand substitution. The increased π-donation capacity of the ligand enhances the magnetic anisotropy of the complexes. The axial <italic>π</italic>-donor ligand of ...

A simple and rapid method for separation of cells is to functionalize magnetic particles with a receptor that selectively captures the target and then pull the magnetic particles out of the mixture upon applying a magnetic field. The separation efficiency of magnetic separation, however, is typically limited by the non-specific ...