The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the dispersed or nondispersed form of the extruded disk material (EDM) on the neurological status and surgical outcomes in Hansen thoracolumbar intervertebral disk disease Type I (IVDD-I). Medical records of 40 dogs with IVDD-I were reviewed, including neurologic status ...

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities of the intervertebral discs have been found in a high frequency among young elite athletes. Several studies have also reported that the adolescent spine, especially the vertebral growth zones, is vulnerable to trauma. However, there is incomplete knowledge regarding the injury mechanism of the growing spine. In this ...

STUDY DESIGN: A reliability study of the Modic classification. OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability and reproducibility of the Modic classification for lumbar vertebral marrow changes. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In 1988, Modic et al described two degenerative stages of vertebral marrow and endplate morphology. These were type 1 (inflammatory phase) ...

Low back injuries account for the greatest loss of playing time for professional fast bowlers in cricket. Previous radiological studies have shown a high prevalence of degeneration of the lumbar discs and stress injuries of the pars interarticularis in elite junior fast bowlers. We have examined MRI appearance of the ...

A 49-year-old woman complaining of thoracic spine pain for 18 months was admitted to the hospital for evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed spondylodiscitis of the T8-T9 intervertebral disk. Computed tomography scan-guided fine needle aspiration of the affected area was performed but it did not reveal the ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the transforaminal ligaments (TFLs) in relation to the area of the lumbar intervertebral foramen (IVF) by analyzing cadaveric spines. METHODS: One hundred ninety-eight cadaveric lumbar IVFs were studied, and the existence and type of TFLs were identified. ...

This study investigated the use of the geometric alignment of two frontal lines (the sternum and abdominal) for predicting alignment of the thoracic and lumbar spines and for measuring wheelchair-seated posture. The sternum line connects the upper sternum point and the lower sternum point. The abdominal line connects the lower ...

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study of randomly selected Veterans Affairs out-patients without baseline low back pain (LBP). OBJECTIVE: To determine predictors of new LBP as well as the 3-year incidence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Few prospective studies have examined clinical and anatomic risk factors ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recurrent or residual back pain after vertebroplasty (VP) is common, and many patients with these symptoms are evaluated by MRI. The purpose of this report is to describe post-treatment MRI findings after successful VP. METHODS: We identified all patients who underwent VP at our institution and later ...

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study of a general population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate "abnormal" lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and their prevalence and associations with low back pain (LBP). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The clinical relevance of various "abnormal" findings in the lumbar spine is unclear. Distinguishing between inevitable ...

We studied 52 patients, each with a lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Using MRI we found that the lumbar discs immediately above the transitional vertebra were significantly more degenerative and those between the transitional vertebrae and the sacrum were significantly less degenerative compared with discs at other levels. We also performed an ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to present 2 clinical case studies in which large herniated disks were not detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), leading to false negative results, and discuss some issues regarding potential shortcomings of MRI. CLINICAL FEATURES: Cases of cervical and lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus ...

A female, wild-caught, rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), in captivity for 23 years and estimated to be older than 26 years, had an 8-year history of progressive spinal curvature. Scoliosis was initially noted 1 year after a therapeutic bilateral ovariectomy to treat endometriosis. Eight years after the initial diagnosis, the curvature ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate if the degree of disk degeneration and disk herniation volume at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are risk factors for recurrent disk herniation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board permits such retrospective studies, and individual informed consent was not required. MR imaging findings obtained before initial ...

The authors present a rare case of acute complete paraplegia due to a lumbar schwannoma. The clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging features, and management strategy are discussed. A 29 year-old man presented with acute complete paraplegia and bladder and bowel incontinence. He had a history of stable back pain and ...

PURPOSE: To assess the potential use of shortened protocol MRI of lumbar spine in the investigation of degenerative disc disease in Northern Ireland. MATERIALS & METHODS: Prospective study of 35 patients having MR imaging of lumbar spine performed during a 12-month period by one consultant radiologist. T1-weighted and T2-weighted sagittal ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to elucidate the relation between the clinical course and morphologic changes of lumbar disc herniation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Twenty-one patients with lumbar disc herniation treated nonsurgically were followed for a minimum of 7 years and investigated with regard to their ...

A 45-year-old woman presented with complaints of low back pain and sciatica on the left persisting for 2 years. She had undergone left hemilaminectomy and discectomy for L4-5 intervertebral disc herniation at another medical center. Spinal computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a mass lesion in the posterior ...

A clinical, plain radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging retrospective followup study was done on six patients with postoperative septic L4-L5 lumbar spondylodiscitis to identify the characteristic long-term radiographic findings predicting the clinical outcome. The mean followup was 12 years (range, 9-13 years). Three patients had moderate low-back pain and two ...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc position abnormalities compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants in this study were 41 consecutive patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. All 82 TMJs were evaluated ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Lumbar zypapophyseal joints are innervated by the medial branch of the posterior lumbar ramus. The aim of this work was to describe the precise course of the medial ramus on axial CT scans and to define a precise location for its selective infiltration. METHODS: Lumbar spines of ...

OBJECTIVE: To present a case of symptomatic, expansile L1 vertebral hemangioma. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 46-year-old man presented with progressive neurologic changes and insidious onset of low back pain. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: After a trial of 3 visits of conservative chiropractic care, no improvement was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging was obtained, ...

BACKGROUND: Prior imaging studies of torso muscle moment arms for use as inputs into biomechanical models have been derived from subjects lying supine. Recent research suggests moment arms of the rectus abdominis are larger when standing versus lying supine. METHODS: Axial MRI images, through and parallel to the intervertebral discs ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Since its advent more than 50 years ago, the use of discography has been mired in controversy. The purpose of this review is to provide a clinical overview of lumbar discography and discogenic back pain, with special emphasis on determining the accuracy of discography and whether or ...

The lumbar spine was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 14 children (mean age 12.4 years) with unspecific activity-related low back pain for more than 3 weeks presenting with normal plain radiographs. Impending spondylolysis was diagnosed when typical signal abnormalities were confined to the pars interarticularis without signs of ...

The aims were to characterize the anatomical region where the lateral laryngopharyngeal protrusion occurs and to define if this protrusion is a normal or a pathological entity. This protrusion was observed on frontal contrasted radiographs as an addition image on the upper portion of the laryngopharynx. We carried out a ...

OBJECTIVE: Many investigators have reported satisfactory outcome in anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) performed for lumbar disc herniation or "multiply operated back" (MOB), but without comparing preoperative and postoperative dural tube area and cauda equina adhesion in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We conducted this study to determine these data in ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance (MR) myelography in the evaluation of intervertebral disk and end-plate degenerative changes in the lumbar spine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Conventional MR and MR myelography examinations were performed in 150 consecutive patients (69 F and 81 M, mean age 45+/-15 years, range 18 ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to establish the effective role of CT in the diagnosis of low back pain, and whether CT features correlate with clinical signs and symptoms. METHODS: Two thousand and twelve consecutive patients, of which 866 males and 1,146 females, aged 22 to 91 years, ...

Acute nonspecific low-back pain is characterized by the sudden onset and severe unendurable low-back pain without radicular pain or neurological deficit in the lower extremities. The study was carried out using 55 patients who visited our hospital for acute nonspecific low-back pain, who exhibited degeneration on T2-weighted MR images, and ...

PURPOSE: In this study, we investigated the usefulness of T1-weighted sagittal MR images at the lumbar vertebrae in the vertebral morphometry, in comparison with lateral radiographs. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were 42 men (mean age: 53.0 years) and 41 women (mean age: 57.9 years). Both MRI and radiography of ...

Circumstellar disks play a vital evolutionary role, providing a way to move gas inward and onto a young star. The outward transfer of angular momentum allows the star to contract without breaking up, and the remnant disk of gas and particles is the reservoir for forming planets. High-resolution spectroscopy is ...

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective MR analysis of the cervical spine of 30 asymptomatic volunteers. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of annular tears, bulging discs, disc herniations and medullary compression on T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images of the cervical spine in symptom free volunteers. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Few ...

AIMS: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterized by congenital contractures and joint deformities, but there are only a few reports of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement. The objective of this investigation was to study the cause of limited mouth movement in this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four individuals from a family ...

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess observer variation in MRI evaluation in patients suspected of lumbar disk herniation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two experienced neuroradiologists independently evaluated 59 consecutive patients with lumbosacral radicular pain. Per patient, three levels (L3-L4 through L5-S1) and the accompanying roots were evaluated on both sides. For ...

Two boys presenting with reluctance to sit straight and stand were diagnosed with spondylodiscitis of the lumbar spine. After confirmation of the diagnosis on plain radiographs, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, they were successfully treated with antibiotics and in one case a lumbar orthosis. The use of magnetic resonance ...

A 61-year-old man with a mediastinal abnormal mass on computed tomography is presented. Sagittal sections of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly indicated the continuity of the fatty mass from the abdomen to the thorax. The diagnosis was an omental herniation through the esophageal hiatus during the operation. First, we returned ...

STUDY DESIGN: An in vivo serial magnetic resonance imaging study of diffusion characteristics in human lumbar discs over 24 hours in healthy volunteers and patients with low back pain. OBJECTIVES: To document the temporal pattern of diffusion in normal human lumbar discs and to study the influence of the vascularity ...

This study was designed to demonstrate and measure mechanical torsion in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using three-dimensional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Ten patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were imaged with three-dimensional MR imaging, and the data post-processed through multiplanar reconstruction to produce images angled through individual endplates. Transverse rotation ...

BACKGROUND: The best treatment for schistosomal myeloradiculopathy (SMR) remains undefined. There is also no longitudinal study to estimate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and follow-up of this disease. METHODS: Patients with the following presentation were considered for study: lumbar and/or lower limb pain; lower limb ...

PURPOSE: To determine level of the thecal sac ending in unaffected individuals of young age-group and in patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) seeding tumor using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHOD: MRI of the lumbosacral spine of 253 cases (age range 1-40 years) had been reviewed. Of these, 20 ...

Spontaneous regression of lumbar disk herniation in patients who did not undergo surgery nor interventional therapy is reported in up to 70% of cases; however, no perspective study has clarified the possible predictive signs of a positive evolution. Aim of our study was to search for plan and contrast enhancement ...

Prior attempts to classify degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the lumbar spine have been based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity. Internal disruption of the disc is not reliably diagnosed by MRI alone. No attempt has been made to include provocative discography and plain radiographs. The intervertebral joint is ...

1-4% of osteochondromas involve the spine. They are commonly found in the posterior elements of the vertebra and can cause radicular symptoms. We report a 35 year-old man, suffering from right leg pain, which became worse over five years. His neurological examination revealed a positive right straight leg raising test ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the CT features of an unusual type of lumbar Schmorl's node (SN) appearing as giant fatty lesion of the vertebral bodies. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: >Four patients (4 men; mean age 48.5 years) collected during a 9-month period were examined with MDCT for unremarkable lumbar symptoms; none had ...

We report on a 4-year-old boy who presented to the ophthalmology department for assessment of convergent strabismus. Ophthalmic examination showed a left morning glory optic disc anomaly and retinal detachment. Plain films obtained for investigation of short stature prior to ophthalmic examination revealed delayed bone age. Ophthalmological findings prompted CT ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to investigate the clinical and histologic features of patients with pseudocystic lesions of the ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region of the spinal canal and ascertain the existence of genuine ligamentum flavum pseudocysts. METHODS: Retrospective chart and histologic study of a patient cohort ...

STUDY DESIGN: The correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and discography of the cervical spine in degenerative disc disease was studied. In addition, the results of cervical discectomy and fusion were evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To compare the value of cervical magnetic resonance imaging versus discography in selecting the level for discectomy and ...

An ascending lumbar vein passing through a foramen on the right pedicle of the third lumbar vertebra unilaterally, which was diagnosed incidentally during virtual CT colonoscopy of a patient with a rectal tumor, is described. Recognition of this anatomic variation is important to avoid diagnostic misinterpretations and transpedicular interventions such ...

Vertebral osteomyelitis is most commonly due to pyogenic or granulomatous infection and typically results in the combined involvement of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. Non-infective causes include the related conditions of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) and SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) syndrome. Occasionally, these conditions ...