A 39-year-old woman with recurrent left otitis media presented with the sensation of fluid flowing in the head, headache, mild dyslexia, and disequilibrium for 2 weeks. She reported no head trauma and had a normal neurologic examination. Head CT (figure, A) showed intraventricular pneumocephalus and a focal low-density lesion with ...

SPECT/CT imaging can provide improved diagnostic information over traditional planar scintigraphy and SPECT, with more precise anatomic localization and observer confidence. We present 2 patients with polycystic liver disease (PCLD), both with constitutional symptoms and bacteremia. In WBC SPECT/CT images revealed increased WBC localization within a single liver cyst in ...

Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a synergistic polymicrobial gangrenous infection of the perineum, scrotum and penis which is characterised by obliterative endarteritis of the subcutaneous arteries, resulting in gangrene of the subcutaneous tissue and the overlying skin. FG affects all ages and both genders, with a male preponderance. It is a ...

OBJECTIVESuccessful treatment of osteomyelitis is more likely with accurate diagnosis and identification of the causative pathogens. This typically requires obtaining a specimen of bone, usually by image-guided biopsy. We sought to develop a simpler bedside method for definitively diagnosing osteomyelitis.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSOver two years we enrolled consecutive patients presenting ...

A 71-year-old male patient with Parkinsonism was referred for an F-FDG PET/CT scan for suspicious recurrence of rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma. The FDG PET/CT scan revealed increased FDG uptakes in the lower pelvic region around the wall of the rectal stump, with extension to the bilateral pelvic sidewalls and the right gluteous ...

Abstract A 65-year-old female patient presented with eye pain, swelling and blurred vision in the left eye. Routine biochemistry and microbiological analyzes were conducted. Orbital tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and cerebral angiography were performed. Orbital cellulitis due to a complication of ethmoidal sinusitis was diagnosed with thrombosis ...

Splenic abscess is a rare finding in children. Splenectomy combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics has been the treatment of choice for multiple splenic abscesses. Herein, we report the case of a 14-year-old girl with multiple large splenic abscesses that were successfully managed after two image-guided percutaneous drainage procedures and administration of ...

In February 2013, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF) released its list of 5 recommendations of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions that physicians and patients should question, as part of the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Foundation's Choosing Wisely campaign. This commentary outlines the impetus for ...

BACKGROUND:: Complications of Crohn's disease may include intra-abdominal abscesses, which often result in hospitalization, surgery, and increased cost. There is a paucity of primary research and practice guidelines regarding optimal management in children. The study objective was to assess the current standard of care in an effort to define best ...

ABSTRACT: A 70-year-old man with a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease was referred for F-FDG PET/CT scans twice at 6-month intervals due to repeated fever with negative conventional imaging studies. The FDG PET/CT scans revealed different hepatic cyst lesions in the 2 scans, with a large infected cyst ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Perforated appendicitis is associated with abscess formation before or after appendectomy. Many abscesses are not amenable to drainage due to size or location. In this study, we compare patients who had a drain placed for an abscess to those who were treated without a drain. METHODS: Data were retrospectively ...

A 48-year-old Thai male farmer presented with progressive swelling of the right eyelid and high-grade fever. His visual acuity declined and the right side of his forehead developed a necrotic skin lesion with a purulent discharge. CT of the orbits suggested orbital cellulitis with subperiosteal abscess. Intravenous ceftriaxone and clindamycin ...

Magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) is commonly used to detect labral tears of the hip. Complications of MRA are unusual and include minor reactions such as chemical synovitis and urticaria. This paper presents a rapidly progressive chondrolysis of the hip in a young patient after arthrography. The patient had suffered from ...

To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the prediction of deep neck abscesses in different deep neck spaces and to evaluate the false-positive results. We retrospectively analysed the clinical charts, CT examinations, surgical findings, bacteriology, pathological examinations and complications of hospitalised patients with a diagnosis of ...

A fit and well 16-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with signs and symptoms suggestive of appendicitis. A transabdominal ultrasound scan revealed a normal appendix but there was significant free fluid in the pelvis. Consequently, a CT scan of her abdomen was performed which showed mucosal oedema and inflammation ...

An 86-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes was admitted with increasing lethargy and hyperglycaemia. On examination she was noted to have a tender and tympanic bladder. CT revealed a distended bladder with gas locules in the bladder wall. She was diagnosed with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketosis precipitated by emphysematous cystitis. After ...

Intimal (spindle cell) sarcomas of the left atrium are extremely rare primary cardiac tumours with three cases reported (Li et al. (2013), Cho et al. (2006), and Modi et al. (2009)). We present a 69-year-old man who first came to medical attention after experiencing abdominal discomfort. He had a 30 lb ...

A 74-year-old man presented with progressive dyspnea after a 10-days latency following a thoracic trauma. CT imaging showed multiple rib fracture and an empyema that was primarily treated by a chest tube. In the course of the hospital stay, a rapidly progressive paraplegia developed and the MR imaging revealed a ...

A n 81-year-old woman presented with sepsis associated with mild right upper quadrant tenderness. Despite antibiotic therapy, her condition failed to improve. Subsequent abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a hydronephrotic right kidney and fluid collection around the lower pole, extending into the pelvis, compatible with a urinoma (Figure 1).

Despite modern imaging methods, tuberculous abscess in the subdural space of the spine can lead to misdiagnosis and to neurogical complications development, even more up to paraplegia. We presented an extremely rare case of subdural tuberculous abscess of the lumbar (L) spine and paraparesis in imunocompetent a 49-year-old patient. A ...

ABSTRACT: A 40-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment of aortic insufficiency and coronary ostial stenosis. Histopathology and serological tests revealed a syphilitic aortitis. F-FDG PET/CT was performed to assess the extent of aortitis, showing increased radiopharmaceutical uptake along the ascending aortic wall. A repeated FDG PET/CT ...

A 48-year-old man was seen in the Wills Eye Institute emergency room for pain and decreased vision after having a diesel engine fuel cylinder explosion in his face. Clinical examination showed proptosis, decreased extraocular motility, and increased intraocular pressure; CT scan imaging revealed hypodense areas within the orbit. His orbital ...

Herein is reported the synthesis of gadolinium ion (Gd(III))-chelated hyperbranched conjugated polyelectrolyte (HCPE-Gd) and its application in fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) dual imaging in live animals. The synthesized HCPE-Gd forms nanospheres with an average diameter of ∼42 nm measured by laser light scattering and a quantum yield of 10% ...

Luminescent imaging agents and MRI contrast agents are desirable components in the rational design of multifunctional nanoconstructs for biological imaging applications. Luminescent biocompatible silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) and gadolinium chelates can be applied for fluorescence microscopy and MRI, respectively. Here, we report the first synthesis of a nanocomplex incorporating SiQDs ...

To address the intractable issues such as the low performance or biocompatibility frequently encountered in previous CT, magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence trimodal imaging nanoprobes, a nanocomposite has been constructed by decorating gadolinium ions doped upconversion nanoparticle (Gd-doped UCNP) with radiopaque but fluorescence-transparent tantalum oxide (TaO(x), x ≈ 1). The as-synthesized water-soluble ...

Up-conversion (Gd,Yb,Tb)PO(4) materials and their potential for bimodal imaging have received little attention in the literature. Herein, we report the first study on the up-conversion emission of (Gd,Yb,Tb)PO(4) nanocrystals synthesized via a hydrothermal method at 150 °C. These materials exhibit ultraviolet, blue and green up-conversion emissions upon excitation with a ...

A new type of BaGdF(5):Yb/Er nanoprobe for dual-modal fluorescent and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is demonstrated. Water soluble and amine-functionalized BaGdF(5):Yb/Er nanoparticles (NPs) with average size of about 10 nm were synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The in vitro up-converted emission of BaGdF(5):Yb/Er NPs is observed in HeLa ...

A new self-assembled gadolinium(iii)-aluminum(iii) complex (Gd(3)Al) was synthesized and characterized. The efficacy of this Gd(3)Al complex as a potential bimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/optical imaging agent has been evaluated. Relaxivity studies showed that the Gd(3)Al complex has higher relaxation efficiency (7.18 mM(-1) s(-1)) compared with the clinically used complex gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the lymphoscintigraphic drainage patterns of a hybrid sentinel node tracer consisting of the fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) and (99m)Tc-nanocolloid with the drainage pattern of (99m)Tc-nanocolloid alone, the current standard tracer in many European countries. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with a melanoma in ...

Early diagnosis that combines the high-resolutional CT and sensitive NIR-fluorescence bioimaging could provide more accurate information for cancerous tissues, which, however, remain a big challenge. Here we report a simple bimodal imaging platform based on PEGylated NaYbF(4): Tm(3+) nanopaticles (NPs) of less than 20 nm in diameter for both CT and ...

A novel and facile approach is developed to synthesize a magnetic nanoparticle (iron oxide)-doped carbogenic nanocomposite (IO-CNC) for magnetic resonance (MR)/fluorescence imaging applications. IO-CNC is synthesized by thermal decomposition of organic precursors in the presence of Fe(3) O(4) nanoparticles with an average size of 6 nm. IO-CNC shows wavelength-tunable fluorescence ...

The selected-control preparation of uniform core-shell and yolk-shell architectures, which combine the multiple functions of a superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) core and europium-doped yttrium oxide (Y(2) O(3) :Eu) shell in a single material with tunable fluorescence and magnetic properties, has been successfully achieved by controlling the heat-treatment conditions. Furthermore, the ...

Combining various imaging modalities often leads to complementary information and synergistic advantages. A trimodal long-circulating imaging agent tagged with radioactive, magnetic resonance and fluorescence markers is able to combine the high sensitivity of SPECT with the high resolution of MRI over hours and days. The fluorescence marker helps to confirm ...

The neurotransmitter serotonin is involved in numerous bodily functions via seven different serotonin receptor subfamilies. Serotonin plays a role in gastrointestinal functions like intestinal secretion or peristalsis and neuropsychiatric events like depression or migraine. One of these subtypes has been found on glioblastoma cells, inducing growth promotion. In our study ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a registration approach for 2-dimension (2D) based on characteristic localization to achieve 3-dimension (3D) fusion from images of PET, CT and MR one by one. METHOD: A cubic oriented scheme of"9-point & 3-plane" for co-registration design was verified to be geometrically practical. After acquisiting DICOM data of ...

Evaluation of small bowel motility from two-dimensional dynamic MRI is of increasing interest for the assessment of segmental diseases such as Crohn's disease. We propose to use nonrigid image registration for automated motility analysis. Registration is particularly difficult when localized intensity changes occur (e.g., due to intraluminal flow or through-plane ...

MRI is the preferred staging modality for rectal carcinoma patients. This work assesses the CT-MRI co-registration accuracy of four commercial rigid-body techniques for external beam radiotherapy treatment planning for patients treated in the prone position without fiducial markers. 17 patients with biopsy-proven rectal carcinoma were scanned with CT and MRI ...

A 47-year-old man presented with symptoms of fever and productive cough secondary to a left upper lobe pneumonia. He had received more than three courses of antibiotics over a 2-year period. Review of serial radiographic exams including chest x-ray and CT scans revealed consolidation of the left upper lobe. Lack ...

Here, we present a detailed characterisation of rhodamine B-containing magnetoliposomes (FLU-ML), emphasising the dependence of their fluorescence properties on the presence of iron oxide cores, and the molar fraction of the fluorophore. The magnetoliposome types used exist as colloidally stable, negatively charged clusters with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 95 nm. ...

We assessed lymph drainage in living mice by an integrated imaging method using fluorescence imaging (FLI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mice were subcutaneously injected with quantum dots and gadofluorine 8 into the right rear footpad. They were fixed on a transparent flat plate and underwent FLI and MRI successively. ...

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare but serious complication. Clinical findings of OVT are nonspecific. Postpartum OVT, which is a clinically difficultly diagnosed entity, must be thought of in differential diagnosis in cases of postpartum acute abdomen. OVT can be accurately diagnosed by appropriate noninvasive radiologic modalities to ...

A 38-year-old, previously healthy fire eater presented with severe pneumonitis after incidental aspiration of an unquantifiable amount of petroleum. The chest CT revealed extensive pulmonary consolidations, and the laboratory results showed massively elevated inflammatory markers. An intravenous antibiotic treatment was started and, after improvement of symptoms and inflammatory markers, continued ...

It has been suggested that, high b-value diffusion weighted MRI improves the sensitivity and specificity of these images to tissue microstructure when compared with "clinical" b-value diffusion weighted MRI (b ≈ 1000 s/mm(2) ). However, it suffers from poor signal to noise ratio - leading to longer acquisition times and ...

We present a new method for automated characterization of atherosclerotic plaque composition in ex vivo MRI. It uses MRI intensities as well as four other types of features: smoothed, gradient magnitude and Laplacian images at several scales, and the distances to the lumen and outer vessel wall. The ground truth ...

PURPOSE: Low yield of invasive coronary angiography and unnecessary coronary interventions have been identified as key cost drivers in cardiology for evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD). This has fuelled the search for noninvasive techniques providing comprehensive functional and anatomical information on coronary lesions. We have evaluated the impact of ...

PURPOSE: Image-guided spine surgery requires registration of the patient anatomy and preoperative computed tomography (CT) images. A technique for intraoperative ultrasound image registration to preoperative CT scans was developed and tested. Validation of the ultrasound-CT registration technique was performed using porcine cadavers. METHODS: An ultrasound-CT registration technique was evaluated using ...

For functional neuroimaging with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), we recently introduced a probabilistic registration method that uses a reference magnetic resonance image (MRI) database instead of the subject's own MRI, and probabilistically registers the NIRS optode or channel positions onto a canonical brain template in the standard stereotactic brain coordinate systems. ...

Brain atrophy measurement is increasingly important in studies of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), with particular relevance to trials of potential disease-modifying drugs. Automated registration-based methods such as the boundary shift integral (BSI) have been developed to provide more precise measures of change from a pair of serial ...

Toward MR-Guided Electroanatomical Voltage Mapping for Catheter Ablation. Introduction: Integration of preprocedural delayed enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) with electroanatomical voltage mapping (EAVM) may provide additional high-resolution substrate information for catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardias (VT). Accurate and fast image integration of DE-MRI with EAVM is desirable for MR-guided ...

A method for registration of speckle-tracked freehand 3D ultrasound (US) to preoperative CT volumes of the spine is proposed. We register the US volume to the CT volume by creating individual US "sub-volumes", each consisting of a small section of the entire US volume. The registration proceeds incrementally from the ...