Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) utilizes multiplanar images and perfusion characteristics to identify abnormal parathyroid glands. We assessed the role of 4D-CT in patients with inconclusive preoperative ultrasound and sestamibi localization studies. Adult patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with negative or discordant standard imaging who underwent both localization with 4D-CT and operative ...

To present 3 cases with nasolacrimal canal agenesis who underwent repetitive unsuccessful probing for treatment of congenital epiphora. Three patients who had undergone topical antibiotic therapy, lacrimal sac massage and repetitive probing in Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical School, Ophthalmology Department between June 2006 and March 2007 were included in the ...

The purpose of this study was to review 14 rare cases of cerebral paragonimiasis that first manifested as intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and to investigate the characteristics of clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. The authors have encountered 14 cases of cerebral paragonimiasis in patients between the ages of ...

Alzheimer disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Current consensus statements have emphasized the need for early recognition of AD. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has recently opened new possibilities for noninvasively assessing metabolic and functional correlates of dementia in ...

This article provides an overview of the primary considerations of positron emission tomography-computed tomographic (PET-CT) workflows specifically related to patient and image data management in radiation therapy (RT) planning and therapy response assessment. PET-CT has become increasingly integral to the RT planning and therapy response assessment. There are numerous workflow ...

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2010, 35, 474-478 Objectives:  Our objectives were to assess whether a CT chest, when performed as part of initial staging investigations, is a robust method to identify lung metastases or synchronous primary lung cancers in patients with head and neck squamous cell and whether small nodules are likely ...

The etiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) is not well understood. MR studies, including studies using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), have been used to investigate the pathophysiology of TGA, and focal hippocampal lesions have been detected in some studies. The aim of this study was to investigate serial changes in MR ...

Some orthopedists and neurologists acquired their own magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment during the early 2000s. This paper examines changes in imaging use and in overall spending by patients of orthopedists and neurologists who began billing for MRI scans between 1999 and 2005. Results show that physicians ordered substantially more ...

The treatment of cystic lymphatic malformations of the neck and mediastinum is controversial. Surgical management may be limited by the invasiveness of the procedure, the complex anatomy of this region, and the high recurrence rate. An alternative therapeutic method is sclerotherapy. We report our experience in the treatment of cystic ...

A 74-year-old man, who had mantle cell lymphoma treated with several anticancer drugs including rituximab, was admitted to our hospital because of gait disturbance and progressive paralysis of the right lower limb. T2-weighted MR image showed multiple high intensity lesions in the left parietal lobe. Suspected of being cerebral invasion ...

To evaluate the safety of thrombolysis with rt-PA in acute ischemic strokes during a 12-hour time window using an ultrafast MR protocol. Forty-six patients who met the clinical criteria (acute ischemic stroke within 12 hours after symptom onset; National Institutes of Health stroke scale score (NIHSS) of 4 to 22 ...

Previous studies have noted the morphologic changes of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in conservative treatment and predictive value of the resorption of LDH by using contrast-enhanced MRI. However, there are few reports that note the predictive value of plain, non-enhanced MRI. Therefore, no definite predictive factors for the resorption of ...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current role of the Ultrasound associated with the color-Doppler in the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) and to compare ultrasound images with CT images in order to reduce the amount radiation absorbe without significant loss of diagnostic efficacy, since this disease ...

This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic characteristics of lipiodolized hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and the diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in assessing the viability of lipiodolized HCCs. Thirty-six patients (age range, 32-73 y) with 38 lipiodolized HCCs who had undergone transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with lipiodol before (18)F-FDG PET/CT (2-434 ...

Multikinase inhibitor (MKI) is a promising drug for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We explained the usefulness of [¹⁸F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/contrast-enhanced computed tomography (FDG PET/CECT) for mRCC in evaluating the early response to MKI and in predicting progression-free survival (PFS). Patients who planned MKI treatment for mRCC ...

Integrated positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) may have advantages over conventional imaging in localizing recurrent or persistent differentiated thyroid cancer. A retrospective review of patients who underwent PET-CT scans was performed. Results were compared with contrast CT, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and radioactive iodine (RAI) scans. Thirty patients (mean ...

Knee dislocations can cause extensive soft tissue disruption including vascular insufficiency to the leg secondary to popliteal artery injury. Physical exam may miss vascular injury and possible late occlusion, but there is controversy regarding use of angiography to evaluate patients after dislocation. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been shown to ...

This article covers positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan protocols for radiation therapy planning purposes and therapy response assessment. For radiation therapy planning PET-CT scans, protocols used will depend on the intended use of the PET-CT images in the radiation therapy planning. In general scans are performed on a flat ...

We recently demonstrated that the preprocedural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern of deep middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory injury predicts poor prognosis. We postulate that the structures of the deep MCA field are particularly vulnerable to hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following reperfusion. We reviewed all cases of acute occlusions involving the ...

Abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings of malaria are not well-known even though malaria is a serious infectious disease. To identify abdominal CT findings, we selected 34 of 405 patients who had a positive peripheral blood smear for Plasmodium vivax and had underwent abdominal CT as the malaria group. We also ...

Chronic daily headache is a major healthcare problem, with significant resource implications for specialist services. Since 1999, GPs in Greater Glasgow have had direct access to computerised tomography (CT) for investigation of chronic daily headache. The purpose of this study is to assess the significance of pathology, impact of the ...

To calculate imaging doses to the rectum, bladder, and femoral heads as part of a prostate cancer treatment plans, assuming an image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) procedure involving either the multidetector CT (MDCT) or kilovoltage cone-beam CT (kV CBCT). This study considered an IGRT treatment plan for a prostate carcinoma ...

The goal of this study is to evaluate the use of positron emission tomography (PET) in evaluation of patients with peritoneal dissemination of carcinoma of appendiceal origin (PDA). Thirty-three patients with PDA, who had preoperative PET or PET/CT imaging, were analyzed. Using operative, pathology, and PET +/- CT data, presence ...

MDCT angiography has enabled visualization of left atrium in addition to coronary arteries. CT images can be utilized to demonstrate normal anatomy and pathologies. Left atrium variations and pathologies include atrial septal pouch, patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, atrial band, lipomatous hypertrophy, cor triatriatum, diverticulum, accessory appendages, atrial thrombus ...

BACKGROUND:: The aim of the study was to assess perianal fistulas by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with severe fistulizing Crohn's disease (CD) using maintenance antitumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) therapy and to correlate MRI changes with clinical outcome. METHODS:: Perineal MRI before and after a 1-year scheduled anti-TNF-α ...

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are chemosensitive, and epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) from GCT may be amenable to treatment with chemotherapy (CT) only. This retrospective study compares the clinical outcome of GCT patients with ESCC treated with CT or radiotherapy (RT) + CT. All patients with a histologic diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND:: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are chemosensitive, and epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) from GCT may be amenable to treatment with chemotherapy (CT) only. This retrospective study compares the clinical outcome of GCT patients with ESCC treated with CT or radiotherapy (RT) + CT. METHODS:: All patients with a histologic ...

Integrated FDG-PET/CT has been used successfully for the diagnosis, staging, restaging, therapy monitoring and prognostic prediction of ovarian cancer as well as various other malignant tumors. Compared with conventional PET/non-contrast CT images, combined PET/contrast-enhanced CT images with intravenous iodine contrast medium and sufficient radiation dose may contribute to a more ...

To retrospectively evaluate the computed tomography (CT) appearances of novel influenza A (H1N1) infection. Chest CT images obtained at clinical presentation in 21 patients (eight men, 13 women; mean age, 37 years; age range, 6-82 years) with confirmed novel influenza A (H1N1) infection were assessed. The radiological appearances of pulmonary ...

Objective: Intrathoracic textiloma or gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge in the thoracic cavity, is an exceptional but serious complication following thoracic or abdominal surgery. The purpose of this work is to highlight the topographic features of thoracic textiloma and to describe imaging aspects, and, particularly, computed tomography (CT) features. Methods: ...

This study aims to determine the potential value of MR-PWI and MR-DWI to differentiate immune therapy-induced inflammatory response from recurrent glioblastoma tumour growth. Both can present as contrast-enhancing lesions on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients with recurrent glioblastoma who could obtain a total or near-total resection were treated with ...

To elucidate the clinical significance of imaging modalities for detection of stitch abscess after surgery in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In 137 patients with oral SCC suspected of having lymph node metastases, local recurrence of tumor, or stitch abscess after surgery, the characteristic imaging findings related to ...

To determine the optimal anatomic coverage at CT that would provide the most accurate staging for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We reviewed lung cancer staging PET-CT scans and correlated them with staging chest CT scans performed within 50 days of the PET-CT study. There were 113 patients who ...

Denervation super-sensitivity to adenosine is well described in cardiac transplant (CT) patients particularly early after transplant. The safety and hemodynamic effects of adenosine SPECT (A-SPECT) has not been described in a large series of CT patients. Single center retrospective study of 102 CT patients undergoing A-SPECT were compared to an ...

To determine whether the location of the computed tomography (CT) whirl sign can be used to help differentiate caecal from sigmoid volvulus. Thirty-one patients (mean age 64.6 years) underwent multidetector CT and had confirmed colonic volvulus. There were 15 patients with caecal volvulus and 16 with sigmoid volvulus. Axial and ...

PURPOSE: To analyze MR imaging and clinical findings associated with ganglia of the tarsal sinus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a record search, ganglia of the tarsal sinus were retrospectively identified in 26 patients (mean age 48±16 years), who underwent MR imaging for chronic ankle pain. Images were reviewed by two ...

Objectives: This study used a postal survey to assess the current use of small bowel imaging investigations for Crohn's disease within National Health Service (NHS) radiological practice and to gauge gastroenterological referral patterns. Methods: Similar questionnaires were posted to departments of radiology (n = 240) and gastroenterology (n = 254) ...

To evaluate the performance of a patient size-compensated automatic tube current modulation (PSC-AutomA) technique from the perspectives of image quality and radiation dose in multi-detector-row computed tomography (MDCT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis. Institutional review board approval was obtained and the study was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant. ...

BACKGROUND: Metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with an unknown primary is an uncommon but important problem. PET/CT, as an adjunct to diagnosis, is potentially useful but has never been studied in a prospective, single-blinded clinical trial. METHODS: In all, 20 subjects with cervical metastases from an unknown head ...

To compare the diagnostic utility of pelvic ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the clinical decision to proceed with uterine artery embolization (UAE). Over 2 years, 180 consecutive women (mean age 43) sought consultation for UAE, 116 underwent pelvic US and MRI before possible UAE. US was performed ...

To evaluate two different iodine concentrations of contrast material for detecting hypervascular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in cirrhotic liver by multi-detector row helical CT (MDCT) when a fixed contrast material volume and injection rate is used. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. In ...

Breast cancer recurrence is often suspected on tumor marker rising in asymptomatic patients. The value of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to detect recurrence and its subsequent impact on patient management were retrospectively assessed. PET/CT scans were performed on 228 asymptomatic patients (mean, 60.8 years; range, 30-91 ...

The aim of surgical treatment in the early stages of Kienböck's disease is to decrease compressive loading of the lunate to promote revascularization. Capitate shortening osteotomy is one technique that has been advocated in Kienböck's disease with ulnar neutral or positive variance and Lichtman stage I to IIIA. The purpose ...

This study hopes to identify risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulae in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy. The study group was composed of 39 patients who had undergone distal pancreatectomy between January 2000 and June 2008. Fourteen presumed risk factors were retrospectively reviewed. Pancreatic fistula developed in 10 patients (25.6%). Pancreatic ...

We evaluated the relation between the severity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and the incidence of pneumothorax on computed tomography (CT) images. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the presence of pneumothorax in 56 consecutive patients who died of IPF from the initial CT to death. We quantitatively analyzed a ...

Percutaneous radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomy offers high rates of complete pain relief for classic idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. When performed under fluoroscopy, it may cause anxiety for an inexperienced neurosurgeon owing to lack of familiarity with the regional anatomy, lack of reliable landmarks on fluoroscopy, and perceived risks associated with inadvertent puncture ...

Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is an immune-mediated encephalopathy associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Most patients with HE respond to corticosteroids. Diffuse or focal white matter changes suggesting primary demyelination on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported in only a few patients with HE. Follow-up imaging studies have been sparse. We report ...

Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) of the foot and ankle is an uncommon and often undiagnosed disorder that, to our knowledge, has not previously been reported in the orthopaedic literature. The current study reviews a consecutive series of patients who were seen with this musculoskeletal disorder in order to highlight ...

This article reviews useful diagnostic criteria and imaging pitfalls more commonly encountered in the knee. Knowledge of the anatomy and pathologic conditions presented can lead to more accurate and useful interpretation that can assist clinicians in patient care.

To investigate whether gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the diagnostic capability and sensitivity comparable to the combination of gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI and superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI (double-contrast MRI) in the detection of small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Forty-one patients with 56 HCCs (size range, 0.5-2.0 cm) who underwent gadoxetic ...