A 5-month-old male Abyssinian presented with right hemiplegia. Cervical radiographs, haematology and serum biochemistry were normal. A foreign body was identified on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Removal of the foreign body was carried out via a dorsal approach between the occipital bone and the C1 vertebral ...

We report the use of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in detection of red nucleus (rubral) degeneration and atrophy in children with hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) after posterior fossa tumor resection. The use of this modality for this particular application has not been previously described. Detection of red nucleus changes seems to ...

SUMMARY:While anatomic imaging (CT and MR imaging) of HNC is focused on diagnosing and/or characterizing the disease, defining its local extent, and evaluating distant spread, accurate assessment of the biologic status of the cancer (cellularity, growth rate, response to nonsurgical chemoradiation therapy, and so forth) can be invaluable for prognostication, ...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques enable noninvasive assessment of renal function. Diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI, magnetic resonance elastography, and arterial spin labeling are some of the emerging techniques that have potential to investigate renal function without the use of exogenous gadolinium contrast. This article ...

Differential enhancement of myocardial infarction was first recognized on computed tomographic (CT) images obtained with iodinated contrast material in the late 1970s. Gadolinium enhancement of myocardial infarction was initially reported for T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 1984. The introduction of an inversion-recovery gradient-echo MR sequence for accentuation of the ...

The brain is continually changing its function and structure in response to changing environmental demands. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods can be used to repeatedly scan the same individuals over time and in this way have provided powerful tools for assessing such brain change. Functional MRI has provided important insights ...

ABSTRACT: Meningiomas represent about 20% of intracranial tumors and are the most frequent non-glial primary brain tumors. Diagnosis is based on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mainstays of therapy are surgery and radio-therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is tested in clinical trials of phase II. Patients are followed clinically ...

In whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the entire body from the vertex to the toes is imaged in one or more planes with one or multiple sequences to allow evaluation of multisystem diseases in a single examination. Whole-body MR imaging is particularly useful for examining children because it does not ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy and speed of a novel robotic technique as an aid to perform magnetic resonance image (MRI)-guided prostate biopsies on patients with cancer suspicious regions. METHODS: A pneumatic controlled MR-compatible manipulator with 5 degrees of freedom was developed in-house to guide biopsies under real-time imaging. From ...

This review illustrates current applications and possible future directions of 7Tesla (7T) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the field of brain MRI, in clinical studies as well as clinical practice. With its higher signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) compared to lower field strengths, high resolution, contrast-rich images can be ...

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) or focused ultrasound (FUS) is a promising modality to treat tumors in a complete, non invasive fashion where online image guidance and therapy control can be achieved by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or diagnostic ultrasound (US). In the last 10 years, the feasibility and the ...

In vivo upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging, exhibiting favorable characteristics such as high photostability, no blinking, sharp emission lines, and long lifetimes, is recognized as the excellent and significant photoluminescence imaging for the future. To develop the imaging system with high visual sensitivity and tissue penetration, the functional molecules with X-ray ...

We present a novel method for producing drawn metamaterials containing slotted metallic cylinder resonators, possessing strong magnetic resonances in the terahertz range. The resulting structures are either spooled to produce a 2-dimensional metamaterial monolayer, or stacked to produce three-dimensional multi-layered metamaterials. We experimentally investigate the effects of the resonator size ...

Although magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely applied to animals in biomedicine, MNPs within animals should be examined in real time, in vivo, and without bio-damaged possibility to evaluate whether the bio-function of MNPs is valid or to further controls the biomedicinal process because of accompanying complex problems such as ...

Although ultrasound remains the screening modality of choice in evaluation of the fetal nervous system, magnetic resonance imaging with its multiplanar imaging ability and high signal-to-noise ratio is highly accurate in illustrating the morphologic changes of the developing brain and fetal brain abnormalities. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging is an established ...

Automating the detection of lesions in liver CT scans requires a high performance and robust solution. With CT-scan start to become the norm in emergency department, the need for a fast and efficient liver lesions detection method is arising. In this paper, we propose a fast and evolvable method to ...

PURPOSE: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) combined with robotic assistance has the potential to improve on clinical outcomes of biopsy and local treatment of prostate cancer. METHODS: We report the workspace optimization and phantom evaluation of a five Degree of Freedom (DOF) parallel pneumatically actuated modular robot for MRI-guided prostate biopsy. ...

Traditionally, the skeletal survey has been the standard modality for the detection of osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma. In addition to its poor sensitivity for the detection of osteolytic lesions, this modality is not able to identify extramedullary lesions and focal bone marrow involvement, nor measure response to therapy. ...

Previous studies demonstrated that the lactose-binding protein (hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas and pancreatitis-associated proteins (HIP/PAP)) is upregulated >130 times in peritumoral pancreatic tissue as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Therefore, we developed a new radiolabeled ligand of HIP/PAP, the ethyl-β-D: -galactopyranosyl-(1,4')-2'-deoxy-2'-[(18)F]fluoro-β-D: -glucopyranoside (Et-[(18)F]FDL) for noninvasive imaging of pancreatic carcinoma using positron emission ...

Scrotal involvement is a rare complication of acute pancreatitis. It presents as scrotal swelling and skin color change, which mimics the presentations of testicular torsion, epididymitis, and testicular tumor. Its differential diagnosis is important because scrotal involvement of acute pancreatitis can be treated conservatively. Abdominopelvic CT provides a useful means ...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Understanding the GABA concentration, in vivo, is important to understand normal brain function. Using MEGA point-resolved spectroscopy sequence with interleaved water scans to detect subject motion, GABA level of sensorimotor cortex was measured using a voxel identified from a ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification with SPECT/CT lymphoscintigraphy imaging in the early stage invasive cervical cancer in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. METHODS: Between March 2007 and June 2009, a prospective consecutive study was designed ...

SNOMED CT's new RF2 format is said to come with features for better configuration management of the SNOMED vocabulary, thereby accommodating evolving requirements without the need for further fundamental change in the foreseeable future. Although the available documentation is not yet convincing enough to support this claim, the newly introduced ...

This report describes the use of radiosurgery for the treatment of a radiosurgery-induced cavernous malformation (CM). A 21-year-old woman underwent stereotactic biopsy of a pineocytoma and subsequent gamma knife radiosurgery (marginal 14.5 Gy, 50%) for the lesion. A T1-weighted enhanced magnetic resonance imaging one year later showed that the tumor ...

This paper introduces a new patient-mounted CT and MRI guided interventional radiology robot for percutaneous needle interventions. The 5 DOF robot uses ultrasonic motors and pneumatics to position the needle and then insert it progressively. The needle position and inclination can be registered in the images using two strategically placed ...

ABSTRACT: In searching appropriate candidates of magnetic semiconductors compatible with mainstream Si technology for future spintronic devices, extensive attention has been focused on Mn-doped Ge magnetic semiconductors. Up to now, lack of reliable methods to obtain high-quality MnGe nanostructures with a desired shape and a good controllability has been a ...

Imaging techniques are in permanent evolution and so are their respective sensitivities. We present a case of a patient who had three abdominal CT scans over 10 years for the detection of pancreatic insulinomas. The first was made on an incremental CT and showed no lesion, the second on a ...

In reflex epilepsies, alteration of γ oscillations may mediate transition between interictal and ictal states. Here, we explored a patient having seizures triggered by syrup intake. From intracranial electroencephalography combined with functional MRI, the overlap of the gustatory cortex and of the preictal and ictal onset zones, as defined by ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the assessment of chronic pancreatitis. By standard MRI techniques, decreased parenchymal signal on T1-weighted fat-suppressed images and delayed gradual enhancement on serial contrast enhanced images represent fibrotic changes caused by chronic inflammation. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) can reveal ductal changes, including ...

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy has the potential to provide valuable information about alterations in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and glutamine (Gln) in psychiatric and neurological disorders. In order to use this technique effectively, it is important to establish the accuracy and reproducibility of the methodology. In this study, phantoms ...

The role of EUS for detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) is not clearly defined in institutions that use multidetector CT for pancreatic imaging. The aims of this study were to (1) compare the detection rates of EUS and CT by type and size of PNET and calculate the incremental ...

To retrospectively assess the added value of multiplanar reformations (MPR) to axial multi-detector row computed tomographic (MDCT) images in differentiating macrocystic pancreas neoplasms. Approval from the institutional review board was obtained. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed axial CT images of 48 pathologically proven pancreas macrocystic neoplasms with and without MPRs. They ...

The aim of the study was to retrospectively compare image findings of poorly enhanced areas (PEAs) of pancreatic adenocarcinomas that show almost no enhancement or obviously hypoattenuating area relative to the surrounding carcinoma on late-phase dynamic computed tomography (CT) with pathological findings. Thirty-nine patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma underwent dynamic CT ...

Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21, is one of the most common autosomal mutations. The overexpression of the β-amyloid precursor protein gene, located on chromosome 21, causes an increased production of the specific amyloid. The current study is a continuation of our earlier investigations relating to the profile of metabolic ...

To determine the utility of CT cholangiography (CT-Ch) in preoperative evaluation of the biliary anatomy of living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donors when magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is inconclusive. Over a 2-year period, 22 potential living liver donors underwent contrast-enhanced CT-Ch for preoperative evaluating biliary anatomy due to inconclusive results on ...

Imaging plays a major role in the diagnostic work-up of children with hepatobiliary or pancreatic diseases. It consists mainly of US, CT and MRI, with US and MRI being the preferred imaging modalities because of the lack of ionizing radiation. In this review the technique of US, CT and MRI ...

To study the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting as bile duct tumor thrombus with no detectable intrahepatic mass. Six patients with pathologically proven bile duct HCC thrombi but no intrahepatic mass demonstrated on the preoperative imaging or palpated intrahepatic mass during operative exploration, were collected. Their clinical and imaging ...

To investigate 64 computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging features of patients with pancreatic cancer and mass-forming chronic pancreatitis. Between January 2003 and April 2010, 234 patients with pancreatic mass underwent 64-CT perfusion imaging. Among them, the histopathological results of 64 patients were proven to be pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 15 patients ...

preoperative assessment of pancreatic masses is still challenging as regards the characterization and assessment of irresectability. The opportunities of modern multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) with image postprocessing can be expected to enhance the diagnostic performance if accurate criteria are elaborated. to estimate the accuracy of MDCT and multiplanar image reconstructions ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of MRI and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for the characterization of cystic pancreatic lesions and prediction of malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients (24 women and 26 men; average age, 57 years) underwent both MRI and EUS. All pancreatic ...

A 45-year-old man was admitted due to acute pancreatitis. A severe lactic acidosis was found. Following active therapy, the signs and symptoms from pancreatitis was improved, but acidosis was exacerbated. FDG PET/CT images were acquired to investigate the etiology of lactic acidosis and/or other unknown pathology. The images showed widespread ...

To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in the differentiation of cystic pancreatic lesions. Institutional review board approval was obtained, and written informed consent was taken from all enrolled subjects. Fifty-four patients with cystic pancreatic lesions of at least 1 cm in diameter (range:10-96 mm) at ultrasonography and/or ...

To study the correlation between established magnetic resonance (MR) imaging criteria of disease severity in acute pancreatitis and the Acute Physiology And Chronic Healthy Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and to assess the utility of each prognostic indicators in acute pancreatitis. In this study there were 94 patients with acute ...

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of conservative management by observation with MRI of patients with branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs). Twenty-three consecutive patients, who were followed up by MRI with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) over a period of more than 9 months after initial MRI examinations, were enrolled in ...

To define the differential imaging features of pancreatobiliary- and intestinal-type ampullary carcinomas at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to correlate these features with pathologic findings. This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board; informed consent was waived. Fifty patients with surgically confirmed ampullary carcinoma and preoperative MR results ...

Low-dose ionizing radiation from medical imaging has been indirectly linked with subsequent cancer. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for defining pancreatic necrosis. The primary goal was to identify the frequency and effective radiation dose of CT imaging for patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. All patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (2003-2007) ...

To evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of pancreatic metastases secondary to primary lung cancers. Eleven cases included T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and spectral presaturation attenuated inversion recovery T2-weighted images. Of the 21 total pancreatic lesions evaluated, 10 exhibited a peripheral rim of high signal intensity, 9 displayed a homogeneous signal intensity, and ...

To assess the spectrum of findings using multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Fifty patients (four female and 46 male, mean age 65 years) were retrospectively identified from consecutive patients with abnormal CT findings of the pancreas and negative work-up for known causes. These patients ...

In this case report we describe a case of persistant Müllerian duct syndrome together with transverse testicular ectopia. These 2 entities are discussed to assess the relationship between them and the lack of necessity for magnetic resonance imaging in cases of undescended testes, and relevant literature is reviewed.

Pancreatic lymphoepithelial cysts (LECs) are rare pancreatic cystic lesions filled with keratinized material, lined by mature, keratinizing squamous epithelium and surrounded by lymphoid tissue containing few lymphoid follicles. We report two cases of surgically confirmed pancreatic LECs showing a profound restriction of water molecules on diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging ...