A dutch national evidence-based guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with colorectal liver metastases has been developed. The most important recommendations are as follows. For synchronous liver metastases, spiral computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be used as imaging. For evaluation of lung metastases, imaging ...

Metastases are the most common malignant liver lesions and the most common indication for hepatic imaging. Specific characterization of liver metastases in patients with primary non-hepatic tumors is crucial to avoid unnecessary diagnostic work-up for incidental benign liver lesions. Magnetic resonance (MR) is rapidly emerging as the imaging modality of ...

Infantile hemangioendothelioma is the most common benign hepatic tumor during infancy and also follows a benign course. During the routine physical examination of a 10-month-old female patient, masses of the liver were incidentally found. Laboratory studies revealed elevated liver function tests but normal alpha-fetoprotein level. Following the ultrasound (US) examination ...

We describe a uniquely illustrated case of orofaciodigital syndrome type 1. We document many of the possible features of this disorder in a young girl using multiple imaging modalities. Furthermore, we prove that the cysts in kidney and liver are not in contact with the excretory system using MRI, something ...

We coupled our physiological model of the liver, to a MRI simulator (SIMRI) in order to find image markers of the tumor growth. Some pathological modifications related to the development of Hepatocellular carcinoma are simulated (flows, permeability, vascular density). Corresponding images simulated at typical acquisition phases (arterial, portal) are compared ...

Endocrine tumours, with digestive localization, are tumours with variable forecast which are independent of their invasive and metastatic extensions. The experimental model of endocrine tumors with liver dissemination is available for evaluation of new medical therapeutics such as antiangiogenic therapy. MRI is a non invasive modality allowing in vivo examinations ...

Our goal is to develop the functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) demonstrating the capacities to be delivered in liver specifically and to be dispersed in physiological environment stably. For this purpose, SPIONs were coated with polyvinylbenzyl-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-gluconamide (PVLA) having galactose moieties to be recognized by asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-R) on hepatocytes. ...

BACKGROUND: Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an imaging technique which appeared on the market around the year 2000 and proposed for the detection of liver metastases in gastrointestinal cancer patients, a setting in which accurate staging plays a significant role in the choice of treatment. METHODS: A total of 109 ...

In this article, we present the CT and MR imaging characteristics of the cirrhotic liver. We describe the altered liver morphology in different forms of viral, alcoholic and autoimmune end-stage liver disease. We present the spectrum of imaging findings in portal hypertension, such as splenomegaly, ascites and varices. We describe ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluation of cirrhotic liver. METHODS: With a 4F catheter, 1% diluted carbon tetrachloride (1 ml/kg) was selectively injected into right or left hepatic artery of 12 dogs fortnightly. The half liver into which carbon tetrachloride was injected was ...

This study examined whether the standard deviation (SD) values on the histogram measured in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) views of an ultrasound (US) can be used as an index to determine the homogeneity or heterogeneity of a hepatic parenchymal echo. Patients (n = 202) underwent an abdominal ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of malignant liver tumors. MRI, using fast spin-echo T(2)-weighted and gradient-echo T(1)-weighted imagings before and after SPIO infusion, was performed in 32 patients with known or suspected hepatic ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with computed tomography (CT) for liver cancer tumor definition for high-precision radiotherapy planning. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Diagnostic quality MRI scans and triphasic CT scans, with the liver immobilized in exhale, were obtained at the time of radiation ...

Fat accumulation is one of the most common abnormalities of the liver depicted on cross-sectional images. Common patterns include diffuse fat accumulation, diffuse fat accumulation with focal sparing, and focal fat accumulation in an otherwise normal liver. Unusual patterns that may cause diagnostic confusion by mimicking neoplastic, inflammatory, or vascular ...

We report on a young woman who survived acute liver failure (ALF) without liver transplant. During the ALF, she developed a disabling, levodopa-unresponsive, symmetrical Parkinsonism. This was characterized by severe bradykinesia, mild rigidity, mutism, and prominent gait impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral T1W pallidal hyperintensities. Parkinsonism and MRI ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to determine whether gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI is practical as the sole preoperative imaging technique for the examination of living liver donors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-four consecutive living donor candidates underwent liver MRI on a 1.5-T MR unit. The MR examination included in- and ...

Assignment of liver allocation priority for hepatocellular carcinoma is predicated on accurate imaging staging. We analyzed radiographically defined stage (radiologic stage [RS]) at listing and most recent extension and pathologic stage (PS) data from 789 liver transplant recipients for whom no pretransplant ablative treatment was given. There were no predetermined ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to report the multiphasic CT findings in patients with symptomatic liver involvement by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and to correlate the CT findings with the type of clinical presentation. CONCLUSION: Patients with symptomatic HHT liver disease have diffuse hepatic telangiectases, a dilated common ...

This study assessed the utility of CT perfusion for quantitative assessment of liver function and fibrosis. Tissue blood flow (TBF), tissue blood volume (TBV), mean transit time (MTT) and hepatic arterial fraction (HAF) were measured with CT perfusion using the deconvolution algorithm in 38 patients with chronic liver diseases and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the residual error in liver position using breath-hold kilovoltage (kV) cone-beam computed tomography (CT) following on-line orthogonal megavoltage (MV) image-guided breath-hold liver cancer conformal radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirteen patients with liver cancer treated with 6-fraction breath-hold conformal radiotherapy were investigated. Before each fraction, orthogonal MV images ...

In this paper, we present an experiment to extract liver features using two-dimensional phase congruency, which is invariant to changes in intensity or contrast, to try to avoid the influence of machine settings. The effectiveness of our method was tested on three classes of liver images and shows the potential ...

This study was conducted in order to assess myocardial and liver iron concentrations (LICs) using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in patients with beta-thalassaemia major, over a 4-yr period, and consequently to compare the effectiveness of different chelation regimens. Fifty children and young adults with beta-thalassaemia major (27 boys ...

BACKGROUND: Cholestatic jaundice during infancy is one of the most problematic challenges for pediatricians. Biliary atresia (BA) and neonatal hepatitis syndrome (NHS) are major causes of cholestatic jaundices. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of hepatobiliary scintigraphy with liver biopsy and ultrasonography in excluding BA. METHODS: Seventy consecutive ...

The best way to appraise the size of abdominal organs remains undefined. Herein we compare the size of liver and spleen in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis using clinical and ultrasound (US) examination, and the size of the organs measured by US with their visualization below the costal margin ("palpable by US"). For ...

We report a case of pathologically confirmed multinodular focal fatty infiltration. MRI was performed after bolus injection of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA, MultiHance; Bracco, Milan, Italy), a liver-specific paramagnetic, gadolinium (Gd)-based MR contrast agent that concomitantly enables the acquisition of a standard dynamic phase with timing strategies similar to those used ...

PURPOSE: To test whether a new quantitative measure, the tumor-to-vessel ratio, obtained from late post-iron-oxide-enhanced T1-weighted images allows for differentiating hemangiomas from liver metastases or all malignant liver lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients (mean 57, range 33-79 years) were prospectively studied at 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a ...

BACKGROUND: For hepatic resection, the preoperative estimation of hepatic functional reserve in the predicted remnant liver may be more important than that of the entire liver. We evaluated the maximal removal rate of technetium-99m-galactosyl-human serum albumin (GSA-Rmax) in the remnant. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-eight patients were admitted for elective ...

Magnetic resonance signal intensity of focal liver lesions is the result of their histological and cytological features. Therefore, analysis of lesion signal intensity and enhancement patterns obtained with magnetic resonance imaging is essential for the differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions. In this article, we review the magnetic resonance imaging ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the MDCT features of uncommon hypervascular lesions seen with advanced image processing. CONCLUSION: MDCT with advanced image processing is useful in delineating uncommon hypervascular liver lesions that simulate tumors. Familiarity with the appearance of these lesions may reduce the need ...

It is important to evaluate advanced primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) clinicopathologically to clarify its progressive mechanism. According to the cirrhotic pattern, 26 cases of explanted PBC were classified into non-cirrhotic (n=4), macronodular (n=4), mixed nodular (n=6), and micronodular cirrhosis (n=12), to compare their clinical and morphological features. In addition, the ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Phosphorylase-b deficient patients suffer from glycogen storage disease (GSD IXa) leading to liver enlargement which usually resolves during puberty and adolescence. This pathology has not yet been documented by (1)H MR spectroscopy (MRS) investigation. METHODS: MRS of eight GSD IXa patients was performed in this study to assess whether ...

Imatinib is a highly effective treatment for patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). In most instances, response to imatinib treatment is assessed with CT. We present two cases where CT demonstrated the appearance of new low density liver lesions after 8-12 weeks of imatinib treatment. While this finding is ...

AIM: To assess the correlation between the fibrotic area (FA) as calculated by a digital image analysis (DIA), and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FibroScan to the other existing Liver fibrosis (LF) markers using the receiver operating curve analysis. METHODS: We recruited 30 patients who underwent a liver resection ...

Liver involvement in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) typically presents with hepatomegaly and other signs of liver dysfunction. We present an 11-month-old child having only minimally elevated liver enzymes as an indication of liver involvement. Using sonography as the initial diagnostic tool followed by MRI, LCH of the liver was revealed. ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the proton relaxation mechanisms and the optimal MR imaging parameters in superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced MR imaging of liver injury. METHODS: A liver injury model was created in the rat using carbon tetrachloride. The T1 and T2 relaxation effects of SPIO in normal and injured liver were ...

OBJECTIVE: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are introduced as an alternative to traditional autopsy. The purpose of this study was to investigate their accuracy in mass estimation of liver and spleen. METHODS: In 44 cases, the weights of spleen and liver were estimated based on MRI and ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was a preliminary evaluation of a new oral, manganese-based, liver-specific contrast medium (CMC-001; CMC Contrast AB, Malmoe, Sweden) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with liver metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 10 consecutive patients with known liver metastases. Patients ...

An adult patient presented with vesicular rash and abdominal pain of 5 days duration. His initial laboratory results showed elevated liver enzymes. A contrast enhanced CT scan demonstrated multiple small hypodense nodules in liver and spleen. His serum was reactive for Varicella Zoster IgM. Patient was treated with intravenous Acyclovir ...

OBJECTIVE: This study compared MR during arterial portography (MRAP) with CT during arterial portography (CTAP) with regard to the detection and differentiation of liver metastases before surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with liver metastases were enrolled before surgery according to the guidelines of our institutional review board and good ...

PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine whether routine follow-up by magnetic resonance imaging improves the detection of resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer and patients' survival. METHODS: Patients who underwent curative surgery for colorectal cancer were included in a program of liver surveillance by routine magnetic resonance imaging, in ...

MDCT is a rapidly evolving technique that significantly improves CT imaging for several indications including depiction of focal benign lesions. Imaging mainly profits from improved longitudinal spatial resolution allowing high-quality non-axial reformations and 3D reconstructions and CT angiography as well as rapid accurate multiphase imaging with short breath-holding periods. This ...

The purpose of this study was to obtain quantitative measurements of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC1), flow insensitive apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC2) and perfusion fraction (F) of colorectal hepatic metastases using DWI and to compare these measurements with those obtained in liver parenchyma. Forty patients with 66 hepatic metastases from ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in predicting the appropriateness of liver donation in potential living liver donors by using histopathologic results as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by institutional review board; all patients gave informed consent for the ...

Mesenchymal Hamartoma [MH] is a cystic benign liver mass occurring in children. Diagnostic confusion with hepatoblastoma may arise when alpha-feto-protein is elevated, and with hemangioendothelioma when imaging shows centripetal filling. We demonstrate one such case with progressive centripetal enhancement of a liver mass with Gadolinium enhanced multiple phase gradient-echo MRI, ...

BACKGROUND: To compare 2 rates of contrast material injection, with dose tailored to patient body weight (bw) and automatic bolus triggering system, on vascular and liver parenchyma enhancement at multidetector multiphase contrast-enhanced liver computed tomography (CT) of patients with varied cirrhotic status. METHODS: One hundred and thirty consecutive patients with ...

OBJECTIVE: In our multi center trial we compared the potentials of biphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and a novel tissue-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent gadoxetic acid disodium in liver lesion characterization. METHODS: A total of 176 patients with 252 liver lesions were analyzed. There were 104 malignant and ...

In hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), the liver demonstrates a large pattern of findings, including telangiectases, arteriovenous shuntings, focal liver lesions, and ischemic cholangitis, and provides severe complications such as portal hypertension and cardiac failure. Magnetic resonance imaging allows obtaining complete information (parenchyma, biliary tract, and vessels) of the liver in ...

Focal nodular hyperplasia is an uncommon, benign lesion of the liver most often affecting women of childbearing age. It can present clinically with chronic, intermittent right upper quadrant pain and nausea, with associated liver enzyme abnormalities. The presence of characteristic sonographic and computed tomography imaging findings can help to differentiate ...

We present a 42-year-old patient who was examined in the Gastroenterology Department of Gaziantep University for chronic abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Ultrasonography showed a 4.7 cm solid hepatic mass on the right lateral side of the right lobe of the liver. The patient was then sent to the Nuclear ...

BACKGROUND: Liver iron content (LIC) assessment by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is validated but not standardized. In a single center, we tried to assess the accuracy of a specific, simple MRI procedure adapted to high LIC from a well-established simple and routine procedure known to quantify LIC. METHODS: In 27 ...