AIM: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive liver disease characterized by diffuse fatty infiltration and Kupffer cell dysfunction which contributes to its pathogenesis. Since the liver biopsy, which is considered the 'gold standard' in diagnosing NASH, has some limitations other imaging methods have been explored as alternatives. Colloid scintigraphy is ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to baseline US and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in metastatic disease of the liver diagnosed or suspected by US during presurgical staging or postsurgical follow-up for primary malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred-fifty-three patients considered suitable for US ...

AIM: To evaluate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using SonoVue in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors versus the combined gold standard comprising CT, MRI and clinical/histological data. METHODS: It is an international multicenter study, and there were 12 centres and 125 patients (64 males, 61 ...

We monitored the development of hepatocellular carcinoma due to chronic infection with woodchuck hepatitis virus by using monthly serum samples, physical examination, and magnetic resonance imaging. The same woodchucks can be imaged repeatedly over a 1-y period by allowing the animals to recover after each experiment, thus reducing the number ...

OBJECTIVES: Various diagnostic tests are available to rule out metastases. However, not all of these tests provide significant information. Based on data collected at our institution, we have analyzed the significance of various imaging methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 337 patients with fully staged endometrial carcinoma, the results of chest ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of malignant liver neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 23 patients who had undergone hepatic resection or liver transplantation in the last two years were evaluated retrospectively. All MR imaging studies were performed with a ...

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is rare benign tumor. When the diagnosis of IPT is established with biopsy, simple observation or conservative therapy is preferred because of the possibility of regression. But IPT is unresponsive to the conservative treatment, surgical resection should be considered. We experienced a 63-year-old male, ...

PURPOSE: To determine prospectively the diagnostic performance of unenhanced computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of macrovesicular steatosis in potential donors for living donor liver transplantation by using same-day biopsy as a reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. A total of 154 ...

The purpose of this article is to provide an update on imaging techniques useful for detection and characterization of fat in the liver. Imaging findings of liver steatosis, both diffuse steatosis and focal fatty change, as well as focal fatty sparing, are presented. In addition, we will review computed tomography ...

The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic performance of 16--slice multidetector computed tomography with that of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of small hepatic metastases and in the differentiation of hepatic metastases from cysts. Twenty-three patients with 55 liver metastases and ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical value of contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound (CE-IOUS) as a novel tool in the hepatic staging of patients undergoing liver resection. METHODS: Sixty patients scheduled to undergo liver resection for metastatic disease were studied. Preoperative staging with contrast-enhanced CT and/or MR ...

OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare the image quality, lesion conspicuity, and the diagnostic performance of 1.5 T and 3.0 T superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting focal malignant hepatic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 patients with pathologically proven liver malignancy underwent both 1.5 ...

The value and/or limitations of computed tomography (CT) in assessment of hepatosteatosis are not well studied in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We prospectively evaluated the accuracy of CT in assessing the amount of hepatosteatosis in NAFLD patients and the impact of demographic and histopathologic variables on CT images. Forty ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of Cadence Contrast Pulse Sequencing (Siemens-Acuson, CA) method with injection of SonoVue (Bracco Imaging SpA, Italy) for the detection and characterisation of focal liver lesions in comparison with a reference modality during routine use. METHODS: 138 consecutive patients (62 women, ...

The radiologic diagnosis of liver metastasis involves detection, characterization, and tumor staging. Knowledge of the histopathologic changes that occur with metastases provides the best approach to the accurate interpretation of radiologic imaging findings, and in particular, radiologists need to choose appropriate imaging methods based on such knowledge. Because the majority ...

A highly individualized stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) strategy was developed to allow a wide spectrum of patients with liver cancer to be treated. This phase I/II study encompasses individualization of immobilization, radiation planning, PTV margin determination, image guidance strategy and prescription dose. Active breathing control breath hold is used to ...

We present a method for semi-automatic segmentation of the liver from CT scans. True 3D interaction with haptic feedback is used to facilitate initialization, i.e., seeding of a fast marching algorithm. Four users initialized 52 datasets and the mean interaction time was 40 seconds. The segmentation accuracy was verified by ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference between central and ventral peripheral positions and the difference between left and right lobes in rabbit liver with gray scale contrast enhancement. METHODS: An in vivo model of perfusion was studied with a sulfur hexafluoride contrast agent and low-mechanical-index, ...

Conventional, single-slice helical computed tomography (SSCT) allowed for scanning the majority of the liver during the critical portal venous phase. This was often referred to as the 'optimal temporal window'. The introduction of current day multislice CT (MSCT) now allows us to acquire images in a much shorter time and ...

Progress of diagnostic human's liver imaging (ultrasound, computerized tomography, magnetic nuclear resonance, etc.) stimulates development of modern liver surgery. Therefore, before and during the operation, surgeons and radiologists can determine the site and extent of liver damage, its relationship with blood vessels and ascertain which part of the liver should ...

A probabilistic model was proposed in this research for fully-automated segmentation of liver region in non-contrast X-ray torso CT images. This probabilistic model was composed of two kinds of probability that show the location and density (CT number) of the liver in CT images. The probability of the liver on ...

The accurate calculation of hepatic volume by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) is complicated by the need for breath holding and the injection of contrast media. These are often contraindicated in patients with liver failure, and we examined the ability of unenhanced 3-dimensional (3-D) navigator-echo-based MR (NE-MR) to ...

BACKGROUND: Subtraction of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced 3D Magnetic Resonance (DCE-MR) volumes can result in images that depict and accurately characterize a variety of liver lesions. However, the diagnostic utility of subtraction images depends on the extent of co-registration between non-enhanced and enhanced volumes. Movement of liver structures during acquisition must be ...

PURPOSE: To develop and validate a technique based on characteristics of real lesions for simulating realistic small liver lesions on pediatric computed tomographic (CT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board provided exempt status for this study, determined that it was not subject to HIPAA compliance, and did not ...

A rare case of a primary fibrosarcoma of the liver infiltrating the right heart is described in a 72-year-old woman. The patient presented with a history of progressive dyspnea and ascites and her general condition was poor. Preoperative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging revealed a large mass, which originated from ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of saline flushing on the optimal temporal window for hepatic CT by analyzing time-density curves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-eight patients were randomly assigned to three groups to receive 100 mL of contrast material alone (n=32; group A), 100 mL of contrast material with 30 mL ...

Ultrasound is the most commonly used liver imaging modality worldwide. Unfortunately, ultrasound has limited sensitivity in the detection of small tumour nodules. Moreover, ultrasound findings are often non-specific, as there is enough variability and overlap in the appearance of benign and malignant liver lesions to make a definite distinction problematic. ...

AIM: To assess the functional status and etiology of liver cirrhosis by quantitative (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS: A total of 80 patients with liver cirrhosis of different etiology and functional status described by Child-Pugh score were examined and compared to 11 healthy volunteers. MR examination was performed on ...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between histopathology results and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on in and opposed-phase sequences grading of fat deposition within human liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In and opposed-phase T1-weighted gradient-echo sequences (double echo time 2.3 ms and 4.6 ms) were performed in 25 patients, using a 1.5-T ...

Emerging new techniques for liver resections set new requirements for the preoperative imaging and planning. Open surgery is a three-dimensional procedure and planning of the resection line may be difficult when basing on conventional two-dimensional CTs or MRIs, although all the information is there. With multidetector-row CT (MDCT), thin slices ...

The usefulness of computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL) was evaluated. Liver CT number was 54.7+/-5.6 HU (mean+/-SD) in 26 healthy cats. We fast 6 healthy cats for 72 hr to induced FHL experimentally and the cats were assessed by CT and serum biochemical analysis. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of study was to develop a computer-simulated liver phantom for hepatic CT studies. A computer-simulated liver phantom was mathematically constructed on a computer workstation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The computer-simulated phantom was calibrated using real CT images acquired by an actual four-detector CT. We added an inhomogeneous texture ...

Recent progress of studies in NASH displays multi-disciplinary characters of the pathogeneses. Despite these advances, the strategic use of imaging modalities such as CT, US, and MRI, remains a relatively low priority in clinical situations, because these can only visualize the presence of fatty infiltration to the hepatic parenchyma, impossible ...

Superparamagnetic agents can be reliably used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pancreatic islets located in the liver sinusoids. However, the main disadvantages seemed to be the rather long culture time necessary for islet labeling and the low specificity of these agents. In the present study we investigated a more ...

A variety of lesions occur in the normal liver. This review will describe the most common benign, malignant, and infectious lesions. Illustration will be made of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of the most common of these. Due to the high accuracy for liver lesion detection and characterization, and ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the morphologic and enhancement features of the liver on magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and to determine if there is a correlation between MR imaging findings and severity of clinical disease as measured with the Mayo end-stage liver disease (MELD) ...

Imaging of the liver is performed most often to detect and characterize focal liver lesions. MR imaging has been the method of choice to assess focal liver lesions accurately. Nonspecific intravenous contrast agents have been used for routine abdominal MR imaging protocols including liver imaging. Over the last 10 to ...

This article provides an overview of current treatment approaches in patients with primary or secondary liver diseases. Emphasis is placed on MR imaging prior, during, and after various treatments, including liver resection, systemic chemotherapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, ablative therapies, and liver transplantation. Findings described for MR imaging are directly applicable ...

This article describes a number of aspects of liver imaging, including the main reasons for imaging of the liver; the current status and recent developments of ultrasound, CT, MR imaging, and PET; and the role of these imaging modalities in the assessment of hepatic abnormalities. Finally, a systematic review of ...

Early-enhancing areas that are perfusion abnormalities rather than tumor deposit are sometimes encountered on arterial dominant-phase images in multisection dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Focal sparing in diffusely fatty liver is also a well recognized entity. However, both conditions occasionally create problems in the diagnosis of hepatic mass lesions. Familiarity with ...

CT has always played a major role in the imaging of the liver despite continuous challenge by ultrasound and MR imaging. Introduction of multidetector row CT technology has helped CT to excel in its already established indications and has expanded its capabilities by adding new clinical indications, such as CT ...

Yamanouchi magnetic compression anastomosis (YMCA) is a novel interventional method that creates an anastomosis between the bile duct and small intestine. The method uses two magnets to compress the stricture transmurally, causing gradual ischemic necrosis of the stricture. This ischemic necrosis creates an anastomosis between the two magnets. The present ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate a modified version of a so-called Perceptron algorithm in detecting focal liver lesions on CT scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The modified Perceptron algorithm is based on simulated annealing with a logarithmic cooling schedule and was implemented on a standard ...

PURPOSE: Respiratory motion has been reported to be a potential cause of artefacts on PET/CT, and of errors in the quantification of lesion activity due to inaccurate attenuation correction. We examined FDG images corrected for attenuation with CT and a caesium external source in the same patients to study this ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively identify and describe the imaging features that represent perivascular fatty infiltration of the liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board approved the study and waived informed consent. The study complied with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Ten patients (seven women, three men; mean age, ...

BACKGROUND: The spleen is frequently involved in systemic amyloidosis; however, the computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) pattern of splenic amyloidosis is not sufficiently described in the literature. This study evaluated the contrast-enhanced CT and MR findings of the spleen in patients with systemic amyloidosis. METHODS: Data were extracted ...

AIM: SonoVue is the first ultrasound contrast agent which allows repeated continuous examination of the liver in real time. The aim of this study was to compare low mechanical index (MI) real time contrast enhanced ultrasound of the liver, using the contrast agent SonoVue, with conventional B-mode sonography for the ...

Although several diagnostic imaging modalities have been significantly improved in the recent years, the definitive diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) is still sometimes difficult because of the versatile features of IHC with each imaging. A 68-year-old Japanese man with alcoholic liver cirrhosis developed an intrahepatic tumor. Several imaging modalities demonstrated ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although 6-thioguanine (6-TG) has been suggested as an effective treatment option for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the recent description of its hepatotoxicity has led to the recommendation not to consider this drug. We initiated a multicenter safety study in IBD-patients treated with 6-TG to investigate hepatic changes ...

In order to compare the performance of "all-in-one" magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and "all-in-one" multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the preharvest evaluation 25 potential living donors underwent both MRI and MDCT. MRI was performed on a high-performance 1.5-T scanner, computed tomography (CT) on a 4-row multidetector-scanner. Both scan protocols included ...