Objective: CT imaging may be an effective diagnostic method for assessing the extent and progression of pulmonary injury in patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Methods: A retrospective review of 78 patients with acute PQ poisoning (survivor group, n=42; non-survivor group, n=36) was conducted to examine the lung segment involvement ...

Actinomycosis of the spine with spinal cord compression is rare. Only 22 cases are reported in the literature. The authors describe a remarkable case of a large lesion leading to bony destruction and spinal cord compression in the cervicothoracic junction with a large intrathoracic extension, which was considered to be ...

BACKGROUND: We undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of (18)FDG PET-CT for diagnosis of distant metastases in lung cancer patients. METHODS: Studies about (18)FDG PET-CT for diagnosis of distant metastases in patients with lung cancer were systematically searched in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We calculated sensitivities, specificities, positive ...

We describe a rare case of primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma detected by F-FDG PET/CT. A 54-year-old female patient with history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma underwent F-FDG PET/CT for follow-up. PET/CT detected an area of increased F-FDG uptake corresponding to a 4-cm mass located in the inferior lobe of the left lung. ...

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) measurements of emphysema typically use Hounsfield unit (HU) density histogram thresholds or observer scores based on regions of low x-ray attenuation. Our objective was to develop an automated measurement of emphysema using principal component analysis (PCA) of the CT density histogram. Ninety-seven ex-smokers, including 53 subjects ...

Purpose: Nowadays, PET and dynamic contrast enhanced CT or MRI are used to assess tumor blood perfusion. Although [(15)O]H2O PET is the gold standard, it is hardly available for routine clinical practice, due to the short half-life of (15)O. However, the lack of uniformity in scanning and analytic methods limits ...

OBJECTIVE. Coronary CT angiography has high sensitivity, but modest specificity, to detect acute coronary syndrome. We studied whether adding resting CT myocardial perfusion imaging improved the detection of acute coronary syndrome. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Patients with low-to-intermediate cardiac risk presenting with possible acute coronary syndrome received both the standard of ...

This study evaluated the performance of computed tomography (CT)-derived biomechanical based features of lung function and the presence and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It performed well when compared to CT-derived density and textural features of lung function and the presence and severity of COPD. A total of ...

A 47-year-old man with treatment-naive sarcoidosis underwent F-FDG PET/CT. The image revealed clearly abnormal uptakes in his lymph nodes, muscles, and lungs, consistent with lesions of sarcoidosis. The patient had no symptoms and was under observation without treatment for sarcoidosis. At a 2-year follow-up, he underwent another F-FDG PET/CT scan, ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate prospectively the clinical impact of 2-(F)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) on the pretreatment assessment of patients with colorectal lung metastasis before radiofrequency (RF) ablation. METHODS: The institutional review board approved this prospective study. The eligibility criteria for lung RF ablation were ...

The authors report two cases of pseudomesotheliomatous lung cancer (PLC) detected by (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan. (18)F-FDG PET/CT clearly revealed the extent of the disease in both cases, a case of adenocarcinoma of the lung and a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Intense (18)F-FDG uptake by the diffusely ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in stage I lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), who have suspicious or unclear local recurrence findings in CT 1 year after treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A group of 29 patients with unclear or suspicious CT findings 1 year ...

BackgroundDespite the increasingly higher spatial and contrast resolution of CT, nodular lesions are prone to be missed on chest CT. Tinted lenses increase visual acuity and contrast sensitivity by filtering short wavelength light of solar and artificial origin.PurposeTo test the impact of Gunnar eyewear, image quality (standard versus low dose ...

An approximately 20-year-old, female Leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) was presented with dypsnea, wheezing, anorexia and depression. Whole body radiographs revealed generalized diffuse unstructured 'interstitial lung pattern' with thickened pulmonary septae while computed tomography (CT) showed emphysematous lung parenchyma and thickened pulmonary septae bordered by irregular ground-glass opacity with smaller ...

BACKGROUND: Thrombus in the stump of the pulmonary vein (PV) is not a well-known complication after lung resection, and it has the potential to cause embolism to vital organs. To clarify the frequency, risk factors, and cause of this complication, a retrospective clinical study of patients who underwent lobectomy was ...

PURPOSE:: Discriminating cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious problem in emergency departments, and the ability of chest radiographs to differentiate between these 2 entities is limited. We compared the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in the acute phase of CPE with those of ...

BACKGROUND: The functional effects of abnormal diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in ex-smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate and compare well established clinical, physiological and emerging imaging measurements in ex-smokers with normal spirometry and abnormal DLCO with a group ...

We describe a pulmonary metastasis of a cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast (CPB) detected by F-FDG PET/CT. A 65-year-old female patient previously operated on for a cystosarcoma phyllodes of the left breast underwent F-FDG PET/CT for restaging. F-FDG PET/CT showed an area of increased F-FDG uptake corresponding to a 2-cm ...

PURPOSE: To provide quantitative information on emphysema in asymptomatic smokers in correlation with pulmonary function tests (PFT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population included 75 smokers (current smokers: n=39; ex-smokers: n=36) and 25 nonsmokers who underwent volumetric high-resolution CT of the chest with automated quantification of emphysema and PFTs. RESULTS: ...

Background: The diagnostic evaluation of patients presenting with possible lung cancer is often complex and time consuming. A rapid outpatient diagnostic program (RODP) including (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) as a routine diagnostic tool may improve timeliness, however the diagnostic performance of such a combined ...

Purpose:To evaluate the effects of lung volume differences on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements on a regional basis, with breath holds at volumes adjusted for differences in lung size across individuals according to the subject's vital capacity (VC).Materials and Methods:This study was approved by the local institutional review board and ...

PURPOSE: To compare hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3) He) and xenon-129 ((129) Xe) MRI in asthmatics before and after salbutamol inhalation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven asthmatics provided written informed consent and underwent spirometry, plethysmography, and MRI before and after salbutamol inhalation. (3) He and (129) Xe ventilation defect percent (VDP) and ventilation ...

This article reviews the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA) techniques, imaging findings, and evidence for evaluating patients with acute chest pain due to acute pulmonary embolus (PE), aortic dissection (AD), and myocardial infarction (MI). When computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is contraindicated, MRI and MRA are important alternative imaging ...

The accurate diagnosis of recurrence of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is crucial for the appropriate management of patients with suspicion of recurrence (SOR). We evaluated prospectively in the clinical setting the contribution of FDG PET/CT in patients with SOR of NSCLC in terms of sensitivity, specificity, impact on ...

Pulmonary venous developmental anomalies encompass a wide spectrum of congenital diseases, including partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. We present two cases of uncommon partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection depicted well by magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) which could play an important role as noninvasive imaging techniques, providing high-quality ...

Bronchiectasis is an irreversible dilatation of the bronchi resulting from chronic airway inflammation. In people, computed tomography (CT) has been described as the noninvasive gold standard for diagnosing bronchiectasis. In dogs, normal CT bronchoarterial ratios have been described as <2.0. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe quantitative ...

Lung ultrasonography (LUS) and computed tomography (CT) were compared for quantitative assessment of extravascular lung water (EVLW) in 10 isolated bovine lung lobes. LUS and CT were obtained at different inflation pressures before and after instillation with known amounts of hypotonic saline. A video-based quantitative LUS analysis was superior to ...

BACKGROUND: -There are very few validated prognostic markers in pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a useful, non-invasive method for determining prognosis in adults. The present study is the first to assess its prognostic value in children. METHODS AND RESULTS: -A total of 100 children with ...

BACKGROUND: Gas trapping quantified on chest CT scans has been proposed as a surrogate for small airway disease in COPD. We sought to determine if measurements using paired inspiratory and expiratory CT scans may be better able to separate gas trapping due to emphysema from gas trapping due to small ...

Pre-clinical imaging allows pulmonary researchers to study lung disease and pulmonary drug delivery non-invasively and longitudinally in small animals. However, anatomically localizing a pathology or drug deposition to a particular lung region is not easily done. Thus, a detailed knowledge of the anatomical structure of small animal lungs is necessary ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the anteroposterior chest radiograph to detect pulmonary abnormalities consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety patients who met criteria for ARDS regardless of the radiographic one and had near simultaneous chest radiograph and ...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to establish a new computed tomography (CT) method to show signs of air-leakage and to detect the point of the lung leak in spontaneous pneumothorax patients by using saline solution and phonation. METHODS: Eleven spontaneous pneumothorax patients that had a chest tube ...

We report the case of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) complicated with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). A female patient was diagnosed with acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) with MCTD by chest CT scan. Corticosteroid therapy was refractory for lung involvement, and she died due to acute respiratory failure. The autopsy revealed ...

PURPOSE: To assess the use of xenon ventilation maps (Xe-images) for predicting postoperative pulmonary function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After study approval by the institutional review board, written informed consent was obtained from 30 patients with lung tumors who underwent pre- and postoperative spirometry, pulmonary perfusion SPECT and dual-energy CT (80 kV ...

The introduction of hyperpolarized gases ((3) He and (129) Xe) has opened the door to applications for which gaseous agents are uniquely suited-lung MRI. One of the pulmonary applications, diffusion MRI, relies on measuring Brownian motion of inhaled hyperpolarized gas atoms diffusing in lung airspaces. In this article we provide ...

The present study discusses a patient with C1 vertebral metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the left lung. The patient was a 31-year-old female suffering from neck pain who was referred by her physician. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteolytic destruction of the C1 vertebra. Chest and computed tomographic scans revealed lung carcinoma ...

To report a technique of using a modified Kopans wire to localize ground glass pulmonary nodules prior to resection. CT-guided preoperative localization of ground glass nodules was performed using the modified Kopans wire. In both cases, the wire successfully localized the ground glass nodule and the surgeon was able to ...

Objective-To characterize and quantitatively assess the typical pulmonary anatomy of healthy adult alpacas with multidetector row CT. Animals-10 clinically normal adult female alpacas. Procedures-CT examination of the thorax was performed before and after IV administration of iodinated contrast medium in sedated alpacas in sternal recumbency. Measurements of the trachea, bronchi ...

Purpose: Lung lesions vary considerably in size, density, and shape, and can attach to surrounding anatomic structures such as chest wall or mediastinum. Automatic segmentation of the lesions poses a challenge. This work communicates a new three-dimensional algorithm for the segmentation of a wide variety of lesions, ranging from tumors ...

Since the publication of the Radiologic Diagnostic Oncology Group Report in 1991, the clinical application of pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with lung cancer has been limited. In contrast, MRI for lung cancer has undergone continuous development, and several promising techniques have been introduced to overcome the previously ...

Ongoing technical developments have substantially improved the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of the pulmonary circulation. These developments includes improved magnet and hardware design, new k-space sampling techniques (ie, parallel imaging), and alternative contrast materials. With these techniques, not only can pulmonary vessels be visualized by ...

Pulmonary emphysema is a pathologic condition characterized by permanently enlarged airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole with destruction of the alveolar walls. Functional information of the lungs is important to understand the pathophysiology of emphysema and that of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With the recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess one institution's experience with radiologists' adherence to the Fleischner Society guidelines for managing pulmonary nodules incidentally detected on CT, which anecdotally was substantially higher than in a recent report. METHODS: All chest and abdominal CT scans in the electronic messaging system ...

Lung involvement in cystic fibrosis (CF) disease continues to be a major life-limiting factor of this autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Efforts made toward early diagnosis and advances in therapy have led to sustained survival of affected patients, and many are now of adult age. Because imaging provides detailed information on ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of dual-energy perfusion computed tomography (CT) for predicting postoperative lung function in patients undergoing lung resection. METHODS: Fifty-one patients (38 men, 13 women; mean age, 63.8 years) were prospectively enrolled and subsequently underwent dual-energy CT, perfusion scintigraphy, a pulmonary ...

Our aim was to quantify the degree of pulmonary inflammation associated with centrilobular emphysema using fluoro-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET) and diagnostic unenhanced computed tomography (CT) based image segmentation and partial volume correction. Forty-nine subjects, with variable amounts of centrilobular emphysema, who had prior diagnostic unenhanced chest CT and either ...

Limbic encephalitis is one of the most common paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, which is mostly associated with small cell lung cancer, testicular tumors, and breast cancer. F-FDG PET/CT can have an important role both in the identification of limbic encephalitis itself and in the detection of the unknown malignancy that might ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the reproducibility of diaphragm position in our new breath-holding radiotherapy for abdominal tumors using image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) and a voluntary breath-holding device, Abches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients treated with abdominal tumors using IGRT with Abches were enrolled. Twenty patients without dementia or severe lung disease were ...

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare cutaneous tumor that is locally aggressive and has a high rate of recurrence after surgical excision. The tumor grows slowly, typically over years. On rare occasions, metastasis to distant sites (especially the lung) or regional lymph nodes may occur. Here, we present F-FDG PET/CT imaging ...

A diaphragmatic hernia is defined as the protrusion of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity through a normal or pathological orifice. The herniated viscera compress the lungs, resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia and secondary pulmonary hypertension, which are the leading causes of neonatal death in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Congenital ...