Objective: To determine whether dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) evaluated using semi-automatic image processing software can accurately assess synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) knee joints. Methods: In 17 RA patients undergoing knee surgery, the average grade of histological synovial inflammation was determined from four biopsies obtained during surgery. ...

PURPOSE: To investigate acupuncture specificity by exploring causal relationships of brain networks following acupuncture at GB40 (Qiuxu), with the acupoint KI3 (Taixi) as a control (belonging to the same nerve segment but different meridians). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Needling at acupoints GB40 and KI3 was performed in 12 subjects separately. The ...

The aim was to examine the clinical applicability of positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for diagnosing local recurrence of colorectal cancer. From August 2003 to August 2008, 256 patients with colorectal cancer underwent PET/CT scanning for staging or restaging. Local recurrence was detected in 22 patients (18 men, 4 women) postsurgically. ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the most useful parameter of dual-time-point 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D: -glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detection of hepatic metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. Thirty-nine patients had undergone a dual-time-point PET/CT scan and a subsequent histopathological confirmation for a workup of hepatic metastases. ...

The aim of the study was to assess the interobserver variability in chest computed tomography (CT) and whole body 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) screening for distant metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Chest CT and whole body FDG-PET of 69 HNSCC patients with high-risk factors ...

In this paper, we review the role played by breast magnetic resonance imaging in the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. This is followed by a discussion of clinical decision support systems in medicine and their contributions in breast magnetic resonance imaging interpretation. We conclude by discussing the future of ...

: The purpose is to evaluate F-fluorodeoxy glucose-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) for the detection of cervical carcinoma of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages Ib and IIa. : Twenty-two patients with cervical carcinoma were included in this study. Eleven of them were at the International Federation ...

Accurate staging of esophageal cancer (ECA) is critical in determining appropriate therapy. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scanning can be used, but limited data exists regarding the use of combined PET/CT fusion imaging and EUS in ECA staging. The objective of this study is ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Subconjunctival fat prolapse and dermolipoma of the orbit are unfamiliar to radiologists and yet should be differentiated because their treatments are different. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CT and MR imaging findings that distinguish these 2 conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1995 and ...

Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) has added positron emission tomography (PET) as an optional complement for the detection of new lesions. In this study, we evaluate the utility of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET in the identification of new lesions and progressive disease not recognized on computed tomography ...

Metastasis has been reported in the follow-up of up to 50% of uveal melanoma patients. Established oncological diagnostic modalities in tumor follow-up so far have limited sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic value of combined positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans in the follow-up of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma ...

We apply positron emission tomography (PET) to elucidate changes in nanocarrier extravasation during the transition from premalignant to malignant cancer, providing insight into the use of imaging to characterize early cancerous lesions and the utility of nanoparticles in early disease. Albumin and liposomes were labeled with (64)Cu (half-life 12.7 hours), ...

The aim of this work was to preliminarily evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy of (68)Ga-citrate PET/CT in a population of patients with suspected bone infections. We enrolled 31 patients with suspected osteomyelitis or diskitis who underwent a total of forty (68)Ga-citrate PET/CT ...

To determine the performance of positron emission mammography (PEM), as compared with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including the effect on surgical management, in ipsilateral breasts with cancer. Four hundred seventy-two women with newly diagnosed breast cancer who were offered breast-conserving surgery consented from September 2006 to November 2008 to participate ...

BACKGROUND:: Breast cancer recurrence is often suspected on tumor marker rising in asymptomatic patients. The value of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to detect recurrence and its subsequent impact on patient management were retrospectively assessed. METHODS:: PET/CT scans were performed on 228 asymptomatic patients (mean, 60.8 years; ...

Although the diagnostic effectiveness of integrated PET/CT for staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has already been proven, it remains to be determined if tumor staging with combined metabolic and anatomic imaging is also cost-effective. The objective of this study was to evaluate from a payers' perspective the cost-effectiveness ...

A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was which diagnostic modality [computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), combination PET/CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] provides the best diagnostic and staging information in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Overall, ...

OBJECTIVE: A minority of patients with multiple myeloma have imaging findings of extraosseous involvement. Extraosseous myeloma may affect any organ and can mimic other malignancies. The objective of this article is to describe the clinical relevance of extraosseous myeloma and to present the diverse imaging findings of extraosseous myeloma. CONCLUSION: ...

To evaluate retrospectively the accuracy of integrated PET/CT, against PET, CT, or conventional staging in breast cancer. Seventy consecutive biopsy proven clinical stage IIB and III breast cancer patients were included. Descriptive statistics of integrated PET/CT for the primary tumor, nodal status and metastasis detection were compared to PET, CT ...

Emaciated human patients have changes in the fat content in medullary bone that are consistent with serous atrophy of the bone marrow histologically. Serous atrophy has been identified at postmortem examination in horses; however, the magnetic resonance (MR) characteristics have not been documented. Herein we describe the abnormalities of the ...

The authors studied growth and progression of untreated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by comparing diagnostic and radiotherapy (RT) planning fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans before proposed radical chemo-RT. Patients enrolled on a prospective clinical trial were eligible for this analysis if they underwent 2 pretreatment whole ...

The introduction of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of nodal staging for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analysed risk factors for occult nodal metastasis in patients with clinical stage IA NSCLC as determined by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. Data for 147 patients diagnosed as clinical stage IA NSCLC by ...

To evaluate the impact of 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) on the multimodal management of neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Establishment of the extent and progression of NET are necessary to decide which treatment option to choose. However, morphological imaging with CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often inadequate ...

Surgery for colorectal liver metastasis facilitates long-term survival, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves resectability but may also alter staging accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the efficacy of positron emission tomography (PET), PET-computed tomography (CT), CT and intraoperative ultrasound (IUS) in the ...

a reliable assessment of mandibular invasion is crucial for treatment planning to obtain both radical tumor resection and good functional results. to retrospectively compare the diagnostic value of three different imaging methods - computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT - and their combined ...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to prospectively determine the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using MRI in the staging of thoracic lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer, and to compare the performance to that of PET/CT. Patients and Method 20 consecutive patients (pts) with histologically proven ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of ultrasound (US) and 18-F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (CT) for detecting recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after total thyroidectomy. Our study enrolled 76 postoperative patients who underwent both neck US and PET because of the ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) and more recently PET/computed tomography (CT) scanning represent major advances in the imaging of lung cancer and have an especially high impact on the management of patients who are candidates for potentially curative or "radical" radiotherapy (RT). This article reviews the current status of PET and ...

Staging of non-small-cell lung cancer is a multidisciplinary process involving imaging, endoscopic and surgical techniques. Accuracy is vital in order to avoid false-positive interpretations leading to a false stage III or IV diagnosis in early stage patients, or false-negative findings leading to a false early stage diagnosis in patients with ...

The seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) melanoma staging system, slated for release in 2010, will introduce mitotic rate (MR) as one of the primary criteria for staging thin melanoma (< or = 1.0 mm). Accurate counts are essential because the finding of a single mitotic ...

Treatment options for localized gastroesophageal cancers reach from limited resection to multimodality treatment. Accurate clinical assessment, prognostic and predictive information are needed to select the most appropriate treatment approach. Positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with computed tomography (CT) in a hybrid imaging modality PET-CT may refine the staging accuracy ...

The aim of the study was to assess the role of CA 15.3, CT and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in patients with breast cancer and suspected disease relapse after primary treatment. We studied 111 consecutive patients (mean age 61 ± 12 years) with previous breast cancer, already treated and with clinical or biochemical ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of whole-body (11)C-choline PET/CT in the re-staging of prostate cancer (PC) patients previously treated with radical prostatectomy (RP), who presented a mild increase of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) <1.5 ng/ml (early biochemical relapse) during follow-up (FU). We evaluated 102 consecutive patients ...

Choline positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is a currently used diagnostic tool in restaging prostate cancer (PCa) patients with increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after either radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). However, no final recommendations have been made on the use of this modality for patient management. ...

To design clear guidelines for the staging and follow-up of patients with ovarian cancer, and to provide the radiologist with a framework for use in multidisciplinary conferences. Guidelines for ovarian cancer staging and follow-up were defined by the female imaging subcommittee of the ESUR (European Society of Urogenital Radiology) based ...

The practice of surgical staging and treatment of anal cancer has been replaced by noninvasive staging and combined modality therapy. For appropriate patient management, accurate lymph node staging is crucial. The present study evaluated the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([(18)F]FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for staging and ...

(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) has been shown to improve the accuracy of staging in oesophageal cancer. We assessed the benefit of PET/CT over conventional staging and determined if tumour histology had any significant impact on PET/CT findings. A retrospective cohort study, reviewing the results from 200 consecutive patients ...

The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of positron emission tomography (PET) in detecting primary sites in carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) patients. In this study, CUP represented a group of heterogeneous tumors that shared the clinical manifestation of metastatic carcinoma with no obvious primary site at ...

Despite widespread use, the utility of pretreatment positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) remains undefined. In this study, we aim to determine its accuracy in nodal disease. In all, 111 patients managed between 2003 and 2007 were analyzed. For squamous cell cancers (SCCs) with any increased nodal uptake (mild to high), ...

INTRODUCTION: The national focus on cancer has propelled the use of PET/CT for cancer imaging in Denmark. We believe that first-year experiences from a large PET centre may be of interest to new users. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from all scans made in the period from February 28 2006 to ...

The prognosis of invasive cervical cancer is based on the stage, size, and histologic grade of the primary tumor and the status of the lymph nodes. Assessment of disease stage is essential in determining proper management in individual cases. In the posttherapy setting, the timely detection of recurrence is essential ...

Introduction: Calcitonin is a very sensitive marker of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). High concentrations of basal or pentagastrin stimulated calcitonin in patients with MTC is a signal of recurrence or metastatic disease. Detection of metastatic foci remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of the study was to present ...

Functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) plays an important role in the diagnosis, staging, image-guided treatment planning and monitoring of malignant diseases. PET imaging complements conventional anatomical imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The strength of CT scanning lies in its high spatial resolution, ...

In our experience PET-CT cannot yet reliably predict the need for surgical neck dissection in patients with N0 neck. According to the results of PET-CT the neck dissection should be extended towards unusual lymph node areas. To analyze the value of PET-CT for the initial N staging, comparing PET-CT data ...

To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of whole-body T2-weighted (wbT2), whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (wbDWI) and wbT2/wbDWI image fusion for malignant tumour detection compared with PET/CT. Sixty-eight patients (44 men; 60 ± 14 years) underwent PET/CT for staging of malignancy and were consecutively examined by 1.5-Tesla MRI including wbT2 and wbDWI. Two radiologists independently ...

The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in staging, prognosis evaluation and restaging of patients with follicular lymphoma. A retrospective study was performed on 45 patients with untreated biopsy-proven follicular lymphoma who underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT (FDG PET/CT) and CT before and after ...

BACKGROUND: The majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) achieve disease remission after primary therapy. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no consensus exists for postremission surveillance imaging. METHODS: Retrospectively analyzed were 192 adult patients with classic HL in first remission. Events were defined as recurrent HL or secondary ...

Despite improved initial therapies, a subgroup of patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin (A-NHL) and Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) will relapse after first remission. The optimal follow-up strategy for the detection of relapse has not been clarified and periodic imaging is not recommended in most written guidelines. We identified 125 patients with HL ...

PURPOSE: To compare accuracy and interobserver variability in the detection and localization of recurrent ovarian cancer with contrast material-enhanced (CE) computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and determine whether imaging findings can be used to predict survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Waiving informed consent, the institutional review board approved ...

Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a common cancer in the Western Countries, and an important cause of death in patients suffering with gynaecologic malignancies. The majority of patients present with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Treatment with debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy is the standard approach while chemotherapy is ...