OBJECTIVES: To investigate the utility of positron-emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in identifying distant metastatic disease in patients with previously untreated head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) prior to definitive treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 27 consecutive patients with previously untreated HNSCC who underwent PET-CT imaging in addition ...

AIM: To evaluate 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) whole-body positron emission tomography/computed radiographic tomography (PET/CT) for lymph node and metastatic staging of patients with conjunctival melanoma. METHODS: Fourteen patients with T3 (n = 13) and T4 (n = 1) conjunctival melanoma (as defined in Chapter 42 of the AJCC staging manual) were staged ...

The role of imaging in obstetrics and gynecology has undergone a revolution over the past few decades. Well-established methods such as endovaginal ultrasound have had a central role in the evaluation of nongravid patients with pelvic pain, as well as in the workup for ectopic pregnancy and evaluation of adnexal ...

Advances in imaging techniques over the past few decades have continued at an astounding pace and now physicians have various modalities to examine the human body. These imaging techniques may be used to assist in diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of oncology patients. The increasing complexity of diagnostic radiology provides a ...

Follow-up of colorectal carcinoma after therapy is based on symptoms, tumor markers, and imaging studies. Clinicians sometimes face diagnostic dilemmas because of unusual presentations on the imaging modalities coupled with rising serum markers. We report a case of colorectal carcinoma that presented with gastrointestinal symptoms 14 months after completion of ...

Endonasal surgery is currently extending its application beyond inflammatory sinonasal lesions to successfully treat both benign and malignant neoplasms. This progression has been possible by the detailed information provided by imaging techniques (CT, MRI and PET). Inflammatory diseases are the "domain" of CT. CT provides excellent details about the thin ...

For patients with locoregional advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), concurrent chemoradiotherapy is a widely accepted treatment, but the need for subsequent neck dissection remains controversial. We investigated the clinical utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this setting. METHODS: In this Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved and Health Insurance Portability ...

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the role of fusion positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in staging patients for minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO) with potentially resectable disease from the perspective of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) deciding on operability with conventional staging investigations. METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients presenting with potentially operable ...

This issue of Seminars in Nuclear Medicine deals with a watershed event in cancer treatment -- the combined use of functional and anatomical information to guide therapeutic interventions. The use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in radiation treatment planning and tumor response evaluation brings a paradigm change in the ...

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represent 10% to 15% of all malignancies occurring in children younger than 20 years of age. Advances in cross-sectional imaging and the availability of positron emission tomography (PET) and PET-CT have had a major impact on imaging and management of pediatric patients. This ...

BACKGROUND: Various modalities including CT, positron emission tomography (PET), and EUS are being used for esophageal cancer staging. OBJECTIVE: We compared results of locoregional staging by CT, PET, and EUS with histologic staging. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: Patients with esophageal cancer proven by ...

The presence of distant metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma decreases the 10-year survival of patients by 50%. Bone metastases represent a frequent complication especially of follicular thyroid cancer and severely reduce the quality of life causing pain, fractures, and spinal cord compression. Diagnosis is established by correlating clinical suspicion with ...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the possibilities, advantages and limitations of virtual bronchoscopy using data sets from positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight consecutive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) underwent PET/CT. PET was performed with a glucose analog, 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG), using a state-of-the-art full-ring ...

Imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and staging of superior sulcus tumors, assessment of their resectability, determination of the optimal approach to disease management, and evaluation of the response to therapy. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT contribute important and complementary information. ...

Radiation and concurrent chemoradiation are essential in the treatment of head and neck cancers because they allow a potentially curative organ preservation approach in a manner that greatly affects quality of life. Greater doses of radiation to areas of gross disease have invariably led to greater loco-regional control. Radiation delivery ...

The development of functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has been a major advancement in clinical oncology. In addition, the integration of functional imaging with CT anatomical imaging (PET-CT) has dramatically increased the clinical applicability of PET. This review discusses the current role of PET-CT in head and neck ...

Myxoid liposarcomas (MLS) have a tendency to metastasize to unusual sites. We report an unusual case of bone metastases not detected by bone scan and neither by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) and successfully identified with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a patient with metachronic MLS. Histopathological examination of the ...

The primary aim of this study was to determine whether 18F-FDG-PET/CT (PET/CT) scans provide additional diagnostic information in addition to the direct laryngoscopic examination (L/E) and contrast-enhanced CT (CT) in patients with glottic cancer during the initial evaluation. Fifty-five consecutive patients with glottic cancer of the larynx that had L/E, ...

Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) involving the head and neck have many overlapping imaging features. Definitive diagnosis depends on histology, but imaging trends may help distinguish lymphoma from other common pathologic entities in the head and neck. CT is useful for staging and assessing bony involvement, whereas MR imaging ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the manual fusion of positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images with that of CT alone and that of side-by-side PET and CT (PET/CT) in patients with suspected recurrent lung cancer. PROCEDURES: Fifty-three patients who ...

(18)F-FDG PET/CT has gained wide acceptance for evaluation of recurrent colorectal carcinoma. However in clinical practice, contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) is still the first-line restaging tool. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of contrast-enhanced PET/CT (cePET/CT) as a first-line restaging tool with a special focus on the ...

Cervical metastases of an unknown primary lesion accounts for 5%-10% of head and neck cancers. Tonsillar carcinoma is the third most common, with an incidence in the region of 18%-47% of unknown primaries, and the likelihood of synchronous tonsillar tumour of about 5%-10%. Current practice for investigating an unknown primary ...

PURPOSE: This study was to compare (18)F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) with thoracic contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in the ability of lymph node (LN) staging non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a tuberculosis-prevalent country. The usefulness of dual time point PET imaging (DTPI) in NSCLC nodal staging was also evaluated. METHODS: ...

Positron emission tomography (PET)/computerised tomography (CT) has proved useful in a number of haematological malignancies, particularly in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). It is recommended in the staging of HL and aggressive NHL, it has been shown to be prognostically important early during treatment, and it has ...

PURPOSE: To correlate positron emission tomography (PET) standard uptake value (SUV) with pathologic specimen size in patients with head-and-neck cancers. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eighteen patients with Stage II-IVB head-and-neck cancer with 27 tumors who underwent PET and computed tomography (CT) imaging of the head and neck followed by surgical resection ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly used for the staging and management of melanoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PET or PET/ computed tomography (CT) as a routine procedure in patients with positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB). Thirty patients with melanoma of Breslow thickness ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) using 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), compared with PET alone, in the diagnosis of suspected endometrial cancer recurrence. METHODS: Thirty women who had undergone primary surgery for histopathologically proven endometrial cancer with suspected recurrence because of clinical, cytological, biochemical, ...

PET/CT has revolutionized the evaluation of patients with head and neck cancer by allowing more accurate staging, more focused treatment modalities, earlier detection of recurrent disease, and identification of incurable disease. In some clinical scenarios, PET/CT is clearly useful, while in others the cost may not be warranted. In this ...

BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of thyroid cancer patients present with reappearing disease within 40 years of initial diagnosis. Hence, sensitive postsurgical monitoring techniques are imperative to successful long-term care. The objective of this study was to assess the added clinical utility of a combined positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) of ...

BACKGROUND: We investigated positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scanning following segmental resections and osteocutaneous free-flap reconstruction. The interpretability of PET/CT imaging with healing osteotomies and reconstruction hardware was analyzed. METHODS: Patient scans within 18 months of surgery were interpreted for malignancy. Interpretations were compared with clinical data to determine sensitivity/specificity. Standardized ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative detection of primary lesions and lymph node (LN) and distant metastases in patients with uterine corpus cancer. METHODS: The patient cohort consisted of 53 women with uterine corpus cancer who underwent preoperative workup, including ...

The purpose of the study was to prospectively evaluate a whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol to help depict metastases by using unenhanced T2-weighted and contrast material-enhanced T1-weighted real-time sequences during continuous table movement. The study was conducted after approval of the local institutional review board and written informed consent ...

We report a case of metastatic pathologic fracture of femoral shaft, whose primary cancer was ascertained by positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT). The abnormally increased biological activity of the space-occupying lesion of the lung was clearly demonstrated by PET-CT. Moreover, the occult bony metastatic lesions were confirmed with evidence of ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of integrated positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) for the identification of suspected recurrent endometrial cancer after treatment. METHODS: Thirty-one women (median age, 53 years) with endometrial cancer treated by primary staging laparotomy who had [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) ...

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic efficacies of integrated (18)F FDG PET/CT images and contrast-enhanced helical CT images in locoregional lymph node metastasis in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: From June 2005 to June 2007, 122 potentially operable patients with proven or suspected non-small cell lung cancer ...

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical role of integrated positron emission and computed tomography (PET-CT) in patients with suspected and potentially operable cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: Between October 2005 and May 2007, 123 patients with suspected cholangiocarcinoma were enrolled in this study after diagnostic workup, including biliary dynamic computed ...

BACKGROUND/AIM: The treatment of pelvic recurrences of rectal cancer is primarily surgical. The substantial morbidity and mortality of such resections warrant stringent patient selection. Recent literature reports PET to be of additional value to CT for the detection of metastases in colorectal cancer patients. We studied the clinical impact of ...

OBJECTIVES: When the combined diagnostic imaging technique PET/CT is considered promising with respect to diagnosis/staging of a certain cancer type, a systematic investigation by means of clinical diagnostic studies in the target population is necessary to evaluate the usefulness of PET/CT compared to the current standard. It is often difficult ...

BACKGROUND: Combined fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-CT imaging has been shown to be of good diagnostic value in the preoperative evaluation of patients with colorectal cancer and liver metastases. The adjunctive use of intraoperative sonography (IOUS) may have a limited impact on treatment selection in these patients. PURPOSE: To compare the ...

Malignant melanoma presenting in the mediastinum without an extrathoracic primary is extremely rare. To our knowledge, its imaging findings have not been described in the radiologic literature. We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the anterior mediastinum and discuss its imaging findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive functional imaging technique that allows assessment of key biological processes important in cancer development and progression. It provides information complementary to conventional anatomic imaging, demonstrating utility in a range of cancer settings from diagnosis, biopsy guidance, tumor stratification and prognostication, and staging and ...

Cancer, with more than 10 million new cases a year worldwide, is the third leading cause of death in developed countries. One critical requirement during cancer progression is angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. Structural and functional imaging of tumor vasculature has been studied using various imaging modalities such ...

BACKGROUND: Radical re-resection is offered to patients with non-metastatic, invasive, incidental gallbladder cancer. Data evaluating (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET-CT) in patients with incidental gallbladder cancer is sparse. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of integrated (18)F-FDG PET-CT in determining occult metastatic or residual local-regional disease in patients with ...

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy that afflicts many in the western world. Imaging studies are frequently used to evaluate patients in the screening, staging and surveillance of colorectal cancer. Cross sectional imaging studies such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging provide anatomic and morphologic information about tumor ...

A correct histological diagnosis, careful staging and detection of tumour response to treatment are all crucial in the management of sarcomas. Imaging is important in all of these stages. Sarcomas have distinct biological and treatment-related features posing challenges for imaging. For example, size measurements may not adequately reflect response rates. ...

Correct staging of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is vital for appropriate management. Initial staging is usually performed with computerised tomography (CT), but increasingly functional imaging using integrated positron emission tomography and CT (PET/CT) is being used to provide more accurate staging, guide biopsies, assess response to therapy and ...

BACKGROUND: To compare fusion, positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with CT alone in detecting ovarian carcinoma recurrence. METHODS: Fifty-one consecutive patients underwent 53 restaging PET-CT scans with a concurrent diagnostic quality CT scan. Two body imaging radiologists independently assessed the CT's; each then teamed with a nuclear medicine specialist to ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the performance of MDCT in the preoperative T-staging of gallbladder cancer and to determine whether adding multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images to axial images can improve the accuracy of MDCT for the T-staging of gallbladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two abdominal radiologists ...

Imaging has an important role in the diagnosis and staging of patients with lymphoma, with a major influence on both patient management and outcome. CT is probably the most widely used modality in patients with lymphoma bur MRI is probably as useful as CT in the initial work-up of the ...

PURPOSE: We sought to identify the impact of age on the sensitivity and specificity of integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT; CT) on mediastinal lymph node staging of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 206 consecutive patients with histologically proven NSCLC ...