OBJECTIVE: To assess whether integrated fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of metastatic regional lymph nodes (LNs) in esophageal cancer compared with contrast enhanced CT (CECT). METHODS: We examined 180 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer by integrated PET/CT between April 2006 and March 2007. Eighteen ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate PET/CT in predicting residual nodal disease after primary chemoradiation (CRT) for head and neck cancer (HNSCC) with N2 disease or greater. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted. Thirty-eight patients received primary CRT for HNSCC with N2 or greater disease, PET/CT ...

OBJECTIVE: Although there have been many reports regarding clinical outcomes of endoscopic treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC), little is known about detection of recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This study aims to clarify the clinical value of serological marker or imaging tools, including conventional CT and PET-CT scans, ...

In this article, we have reviewed the current role of PET/PET-computed tomography (CT) in the management of gynecological malignancies. The promise of this technique is becoming increasingly evident, based upon several studies conducted in these malignancies. 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-PET appears to have a potential role in assessing response to treatment and forecasting ...

BACKGROUNDS:Cancer metastasis to skeletal muscle is very rare. Lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma have been reported as the most frequent primary tumours. Diagnosis of muscle metastasis from other primary cancer sites is more than problematic. CASE: In this paper we report a case of metastasis of colorectal ...

Esophageal cancer staging has been performed through bronchoscopy, computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Whereas CT and PET scan provide assessments of distant metastasis, bronchoscopy importantly diagnoses tracheobronchial involvement, complementing chest CT findings. EUS is the most accurate examination for T and N staging but ...

Revised guidelines for the staging and response criteria of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were recently published to include the expanding role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose. Here, we discuss the new guidelines and the need for standardized PET acquisition and interpretation in HL and ...

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of lymph node metastasis in periorbital malignancies, compared with CT alone. We analyzed eighteen PET/CT and CT scans in 15 patients with biopsy-proven periorbital malignancies. We compared the diagnostic capabilities of PET/CT and ...

BACKGROUND: In the course of surveillance of gastric cancer recurrence after curative resection, contrast CT scan is used in general. However, new findings from CT scan are not always confirmatory for the recurrence. In this case, we usually use short-term follow up strategy or therapeutic intervention with clinical decision. Recently, ...

18F-FDG PET plays an increasing role in diagnosis and management planning of head and neck cancer. Hybrid PET/CT has promoted the field of molecular imaging in head and neck cancer. This modality is particular relevant in the head and neck region, given the complex anatomy and variable physiologic FDG uptake ...

Sophisticated clinical and diagnostic imaging modalities are critical for the detection, staging, treatment, and follow-up surveillance of cancer. Previously, uni- and bi-dimensional measurements of a tumor lesion were considered the "holy grail" of the assessment of tumor growth and provided imaging end-points for cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. With increasing understanding of ...

BACKGROUND: The role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) following integrated PET/CT scanning in mediastinal staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been assessed. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic values of PET/CT scanning and EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal staging in 117 patients with potentially operable NSCLC with ...

Posttreatment surveillance for the recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a diagnostic challenge. Tissue distortion from radiation and surgery can obscure early detection of recurrence by conventional follow-up approaches such as physical examination, CT, and MRI. Several studies have shown that 18F-FDG PET may be an ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of short-tau inversion-recovery (STIR) MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of metastasis in mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: Ninety-three patients with known or suspected lung cancer with mediastinal and hilar lymph node swelling ...

The study was set up to determine the clinical value of dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([(18)F]DOPA PET-CT) in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Eighty-two patients with suspected/known NET were imaged with PET(-CT) using [(18)F]DOPA. Patients were divided into two groups: primary diagnosis/staging and restaging of disease. All patients without ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to provide an aid to the systematic evaluation of MRI in staging rectal cancer. CONCLUSION: MRI has been shown to be an effective tool for the accurate preoperative staging of rectal cancer. In the Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Rectal Cancer European Equivalence Study ...

Recent improvements in serum Tg assays, the availability of recombinant thyrotropin, widespread use of neck ultrasonography, and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT have caused a shift of paradigm in the detection of recurrent disease in well differentiated thyroid cancer. High-resolution neck ultrasonography has taken on a central role, whereas (131)I whole ...

We report the PET-CT appearance of a newly diagnosed, biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of the right kidney in a 61-year-old man who presented with hematuria. This is a rare tumor, with few cases reported in the literature. The patient subsequently underwent right nephrectomy shortly after the initial staging PET-CT ...

PURPOSE: The role of F-FDG PET has been studied in ovarian carcinoma, but its sensitivity and specificity calculations are based on dedicated PET acquisition, not PET/CT in the majority of the published studies. Therefore, we were prompted to review our experience with PET/CT in the management of patients with ovarian ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the clinical impact of FDG PET-CT on the management pathway of patients with lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-one patients with suspected lung cancer undergoing FDG PET-CT during the study period were analyzed. Before PET-CT, lung cancer MDT recorded scan indication, conventional clinical ...

BACKGROUND: This study prospectively assessed 2-[F18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET)/CT (PET/CT) in oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: Twenty-three patients completed preoperative TNM staging (CT, MR, whole-body fusion imaging PET/CT). In patients who underwent surgical therapy (19 of 23), TNM staging based on PET/CT scan was compared with pTNM. RESULTS: PET/CT correctly ...

BACKGROUND: Since 1990, significant advances have occurred in the adjuvant and metastatic treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Not all patients may be eligible for chemotherapy (CT), and the proportions and characteristics of patients who receive treatment are not well defined. In this study, treatment patterns of patients referred to the ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) for staging/restaging, evaluating the treatment response, and screening of recurrence in patients with malignant lymphoma (ML) during long-term follow-up, and to compare that with computer tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology, multimodality imaging findings, differential diagnosis, pathologic staging, and current treatment options of gallbladder carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Understanding the characteristic appearances of primary gallbladder carcinoma at multiple imaging modalities can facilitate diagnosis and enable more accurate staging for triage to extended ...

BACKGROUND: Accurate staging is necessary to determine the appropriate therapy in patients with lung cancer. Few studies have compared integrated fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and contrast-enhanced CT in the characterization and staging of pulmonary tumors considered eligible for surgical resection. PURPOSE: To compare 18F-FDG PET/CT with ...

BACKGROUND: To assess the accuracy of whole-body MR imaging (WB-MRI) in comparison with whole-body [18(F)]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET-CT in staging patients with diagnosed colorectal carcinoma (CRC). METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients with previously diagnosed CRC underwent WB-MRI (3T) and PET-CT for staging of lymph node (N) and distant metastases (M). Evaluation was ...

This retrospective study aimed to describe the differences between image readings done with combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and PET read together with contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In 46 patients, no differences were found between the two readings for ...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the prognoses of patients with pathologically true negative (P-TN) N2 and PET/CT false negative (FN) results in stage T1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study with a waiver of informed consent. The study included 184 ...

This study aimed to analyse (i) the metastatic behaviour of human melanoma FEMX-1 cells in scid mice after surgical excision of the PT and (ii) to evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of melanoma metastases. Histology proved both high specificity (95%), and high sensitivity of ...

BACKGROUND: To investigate the feasibility of preoperative integrated positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in primary pelvic lymph node (LN) staging before radical hysterectomy (RH) and pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) in cervical cancer. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of all patients with FIGO stage IA2-IIB cervical cancer who underwent ...

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the diagnostic value of four different imaging methods-computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, ultrasonography (US), and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT-and their combined use for preoperative detection of cervical nodal metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). ...

Positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging has several advantages over conventional scintigraphy, including a high spatial resolution and the ability to quantify disease progression. Recently, (18)F-fluoride PET has been applied to the evaluation of malignant tumors and musculoskeletal disorders. In our current study, spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) was visualized using ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the role of computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), PET/CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the correct staging of patients with limited malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients with an epithelial MPM (34 men and 20 women) were included in ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with IV contrast for preoperative staging of ovarian cancer, in comparison with enhanced CT, using surgical and histopathological findings as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty ...

PURPOSE: Error and variation in reporting remains one of the weakest features of clinical imaging despite enormous technological advances in nuclear medicine and radiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate agreement amongst experienced readers in staging non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PET-CT. METHODS: A series of (18)F-FDG PET-CT ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) has emerged as an important diagnostic tool in the management of lung cancers. Although PET is sensitive in detection of lung cancer, but FDG (2-deoxy-2- 18 fluro-D-glucose) is not tumor specific and may accumulate in a variety of nonmalignant conditions occasionally giving false positive result. Addition ...

The purpose of the present study was to assess the contribution of simultaneous functional/anatomical imaging using integrated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), compared with PET alone for the evaluation of initial lymph node staging in esophageal cancer. We studied 167 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated that a decrease of the standardized uptake value between pretreatment and posttreatment positron emission tomography (PET) scans can predict histopathologic treatment response in patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: Forty-seven patients who underwent PET-computed tomography (CT) scans before (scan 1) and after (scan 2) neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and ...

OBJECTIVES: Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) in MPM may be confined with both morbidity and mortality and careful preoperative staging identifying resectable patients is important. Staging is difficult and the accuracy of preoperative CT scan, 18F-FDG PET/CT scan (PET/CT), and mediastinoscopy is unclear. The objectives were to compare these staging techniques to ...

At the Fifth International Workshop on Peritoneal Surface Malignancy, in Milan, the consensus on preoperative investigations for peritoneal surface malignancy was obtained through the Delphi process. The results showed that 100% of the voters considered that contrast-enhanced multi-sliced CT was the fundamental imaging modality, whereas MRI, PET, laparoscopy and serum ...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of image fusion from magnetic resonance (MR) combined with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, using 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) in head and neck cancer. METHODS: Sixty-five consecutive patients underwent MR and FDG-PET scans before or after the treatment of known or suspected head ...

The aim of this study was to compare two preoperative staging procedures of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): one using positron emission tomography (PET) and one using conventional imaging studies. Accuracy, effects on patient management, and costs were calculated. Four hundred thirteen consecutive patients with NSCLC were prospectively examined with ...

A lesion detected on a positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) scan localized to the skin and was determined to be a large, recurrent basal cell carcinoma. This case demonstrates the ability of PET scans to detect recurrent, nonmelanoma skin cancers. It also serves as one example to dermatologists of how ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of tumor staging in patients with advanced esophageal cancer based on contrast-enhanced CT findings alone with that based on a combination of CT and double-contrast esophagography and to evaluate the relevance of tumor stage to survival rate. MATERIALS ...

The role of fluoro-D-deoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) in testicular malignancies has been examined in various studies primarily in three specific settings: 1) differentiation of active disease from fibrosis/mature teratoma in patients with residual mass following chemotherapy and evaluation of the response to treatment; 2) initial staging and disease assessment after ...

This study aims to describe 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in patients with AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma, at various times of treatment, and to define its utility for a better patient management. We retrospectively studied 13 consecutive HIV-positive patients with Burkitt lymphoma who underwent one or more PET/CT. ...

OBJECTIVE: Positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose detects active lymphoid tissue during HIV-1 infection, with distinct patterns of lymphoid activation correlating to various stages of disease activity. Patients with HIV-1 are at risk for lymphoma, making the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy imperative. This study retrospectively evaluated ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the diagnostic value of 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D: -glucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET)/CT versus (18)F-FDG PET and CT alone for staging and restaging of pediatric solid tumors. METHODS: Forty-three children and adolescents (19 females and 24 males; mean age, 15.2 years; age ...

PURPOSE: We prospectively compared PET/CT and conventional imaging for initial staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS: A total of 111 patients with histologically proven NPC were investigated with PET/CT and conventional imaging (head-and-neck MRI, chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, and bone scan) before treatment. The respective findings were reviewed independently and ...

The incidence of melanoma continues to rise, and is responsible for 50% of deaths related to skin cancer. Imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis, assessment, treatment and follow-up of patients. Costs have risen dramatically over the last few years, largely due to increased use of newer technologies. This ...