The spontaneous colloidal nanostructures formed in water by the zwitterionic phospholipid DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) with the cationic detergent DTAC (n-dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride) were investigated at a fixed DMPC concentration and variable detergent:lipid total molar ratios (D:L). Apparent (neutral-sphere-equivalent) hydrodynamic diameters (Φ(e)) of liposomes and micelles were obtained by dynamic light scattering (DLS). ...

The production of giant lipid vesicles with controlled size and structure will be an important technology in the design of quantitative biological assays in cell-mimetic microcompartments. For establishing size control of giant vesicles, we investigated the vesicle formation process, in which inverted emulsion droplets are transformed into giant unilamellar vesicles ...

Innate predator recognition confers a survival advantage to prey animals. We investigate whether giant pandas exhibit innate predator recognition. We analyzed behavioral responses of 56 naive adult captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), to urine from predators and non-predators and water control. Giant pandas performed more chemosensory investigation and displayed flehmen ...

Nasal morphology plays an important functional role in the maintenance of upper airway health. Identification of functional regions, based on morphological attributes, assists in correlating location to primary purpose. The effects of morphological variation on heat and water mass transport in congested and patent nasal airways were investigated by examining ...

A new dual-polymer electrochromic device (ECD) composed of poly(3,4-(1,4-butylene-(2-ene)dioxy)thiophene) (PBueDOT) and polyaniline (PANI) with a hydrophobic molten salt electrolyte has been developed. To build this system, an alkylenedioxy ring in the BueDOT backbone was expanded to include a strongly electron-donating alkylenedioxy bridge, and the thickness and surface morphology of the ...

Cuff volume of an air-filled airway device varies inversely with ambient pressure at altitude. This may result in problems with ventilation, aspiration, and tissue ischemia in intubated patients transported by aircraft. We aimed to characterize cuff volume changes in airway devices as a function of altitude. Four inflatable airway devices ...

Allergic rhinitis is characterized by eosinophil infiltration and accumulation in the nasal mucosa mainly due to IL-3, IL-5, and eotaxin activities. We undertook this study to investigate a possible in vivo effect of carbon dioxide-enriched water inhalation in patients with allergic rhinitis. Twenty five consecutive patients inhaled carbon dioxide-enriched water at ...

The objectives of this study were to investigate antimicrobial properties of sodium metasilicate (SMS) on fresh boneless and skinless commercial broiler chicken breast fillets, and to ascertain effects of the treatments on sensory, chemical, and physical characteristics of the meat. Fillets were divided into 5 groups, weighed, treated with 0, ...

We present a new method based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the non-destructive identification of organic colorants in objects whose value or function precludes sampling, such as drawings, prints, historic and archaeological textiles, handwritten or printed documents, and forensic evidence. A bead of a polymer hydrogel loaded with a ...

The field of electrochromic polymers has now reached an important milestone with the availability of a yellow to fully transmissive, cathodically coloring, solution-processable electroactive polymer. This is in addition to previously published electrochromic polymers that have neutral state colors that span from orange, red, magenta, blue, cyan, green, and black, ...

Abstract Objectives: A bioassay with arsenic-stressed duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) was developed to study potentially regulative effects of homeopathic preparations. We compared potentized substances (nine different potency levels between 17 x and 33 x ) with two controls (unsuccussed and succussed water) regarding their influence on number- and area-related growth rate and color ...

We present the application and characterization of two commercial polymer clearcoats to electrochemically formed colored passive layers on titanium with the aim of providing physical protection required in many of titanium's applications, while allowing the unique appearance of the colored layers to show through. Thin layers of an acrylic automotive ...

Because of the combinatorial advantage of their unique light manipulation properties and potential applications in novel optical devices, colloidal photonic crystals (PCs), the periodic arrangement of monodispersed latex spheres, have attracted interest from researchers. In particular, colloidal PCs exhibit structural colors based on interference effects within their periodic structures. The ...

Robust, uniform, monolithic microgel thin films can be created by actively spreading a concentrated solution of microgels onto a Au surface at 30 °C. The method is easy, fast, and seemingly universal: it can be used to coat a variety of Au coated surfaces with microgels containing different chemical functionalities. ...

Confocal Raman imaging of fluid inclusions in garnet porphyroblasts from diamond-grade metamorphic calc-silicate rocks from the Kumdy-Kol microdiamond deposit (Kokchetav Massif, Northern Kazakhstan) reveals that these fluid inclusions consist of almost pure water with different step-daughter phases (e.g., calcite, mica and rare quartz). These fluid inclusions are characterized by negative ...

A strategy for the determination of the presence of thiol-containing amino acids was successfully established by simply assembling copper chloride and xylenol orange (3,3'-bis[N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl]-o-cresolsulfonephthalein trisodium salt; XO) in a 1 : 1 molar ratio in quasi-physiological water solution (pH 6.0). The copper(ii)-XO ensemble was highly selective for thiol species such as cysteine, ...

To evaluate the color fading in aqueous solutions of the blue dot wear-compliance indicators of the Invisalign Teen® System outside the oral cavity. The compliance indicators in the Invisalign Teen aligners were tested for color resistance in various aqueous models with no saliva involved. Color fading was observed as a ...

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of water chilling (WC), air chilling (AC), and evaporative air chilling (EAC) on the moisture content, processing yield, surface color, and visual appearance of broiler carcasses. For the WC treatment, 1 group of birds was hard scalded and submersed into ice slush, ...

The electrochromic properties of a polythiophene polyrotaxane film consisting of a polythiophene backbone wrapped by the tetra-cationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), were characterized. A naked reference polythiophene film, i.e., polythiophene without tetra-cationic cyclophane, was also characterized. The surface morphology and thickness of the film (L) were observed by atomic force microscopy. The ...

In this paper, a novel method based on the electrospray technique has been developed for preparation of quantum dot (QD)-encoded microspheres for the fist time. By electrospraying the mixture of polymer solution and quantum dots solution (single-color QDs or multi-color QDs), it is accessible to obtain a series of composite ...

An allophanic soil (AS) catalyzed the formation of dark-colored polymers via polycondensation reactions between catechol and glycine. The organic carbon content of the AS was increased from 0.16% to 1.3%, indicating that some of the dark-colored polymers had been adsorbed to the AS. The characteristics of the dark-colored polymers adsorbed ...

The design of color-tuned magnesium alloy with anticorrosive properties and damping capacity was created by means of a simple and inexpensive method. The vertically self-aligned nano- and microsheets were formed on magnesium alloy AZ31 by a chemical-free immersion process in ultrapure water at a temperature of 120 °C, resulting in ...

In this paper, we directly develop a facile method to decorate a modified porous anodic alumina membrane (PAA) with an ultrathin porous film of gold nanoparticles with sub-gaps less than 25 nm and particle size less than 40 nm on the top surface and Au nanoparticles uniformly attached to the ...

Conservation efforts for heritage buildings require a substantial knowledge of the chemical makeup of materials that were used throughout the lifetime of the property. In particular, conservators are often concerned with the identification of colorants used in both interior and exterior wall treatments (paint, wallpaper, etc.) in order to gain ...

Anisotropic silver nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully employed to color the wool fabrics in this study. The modified wool fabrics exhibited brilliant colors due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties of silver NPs. The colors of wool fabrics altered with the morphologies of silver NPs. These modified wool fabrics ...

The electrostatic interaction between the negatively-charged heparin and the positively-charged gold nanoparticles leads to aggregation of gold nanoparticles and a color change from red to blue in solution, thus providing a simple and visual approach to colorimetric detection of heparin.

Photocatalytic degradation of synthesized azo pyridone dye (5-(4-sulpho phenylazo)-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-cyano-2-pyridone), in aqueous solutions by simulated sunlight in the presence of commercial TiO(2), Aeroxide P25, was studied. The reaction kinetics analysis showed that photodegradation exhibits pseudo first-order kinetics according to Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The effects of various process parameters on the photocatalytic degradation ...

In this study, we investigated the effect of high pressure homogenizer on the physico-chemical properties of capsicum oleoresin loaded nanoemulsion (NE) or nanocapsules (NCs) based on the emulsion-diffusion method. According to the application stage of high pressure process at principle emulsion-diffusion method, NCs was prepared by conventional-emulsion-diffusion method (CED), modified-emulsion-microfluidization-diffusion ...

Although sulfiting agents are commonly used in the fresh-cut potato industry, concerns about further regulatory restrictions on sulfite use and consumer fear of sulfite-treated foods have lead to increased research in alternative processing methods. The objective of this study was to determine processing and packaging techniques to achieve a safe ...

We have demonstrated multicolored reflections showing various whitish colors from a bichiral liquid crystal (LC) film. The bichiral LC film was fabricated by using left-handed and right-handed polymeric cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) films with two different helical pitches and an isotropic polymer film in between. Color temperatures of the multiple ...

Free radical-induced oxidative stress damages cellular components leading to many human diseases. Plant-derived antioxidant compounds have become a profitable alternative to prevent oxidative stress in cells. To determine and compare total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant activity using both chemical and cell assays in the water extracts ...

We present a comparative study of two different ZnO porous film morphologies for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) fabrications. Nanoparticulate ZnO was prepared by the doctor-blade technique starting from a paste containing ZnO nanoparticles. Nanoporous ZnO films were grown by a soft template-assisted electrochemical growth technique. The film thicknesses were adjusted ...

In research on alternative photoanode materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs), there is rarely any report on WO(3), probably due to its acidic surface and more positive (vs NHE) conduction band edge position compared to TiO(2) and ZnO. For the first time, dye-sensitized solar cells based on porous WO(3) nanoparticle ...

Malachite nanoparticles of 100-150nm have been efficiently and for the first time used as an adsorbent for the removal of toxic arsenate and chromate. We report a high adsorption capacity for chromate and arsenate on malachite nanoparticle from both individual and mixed solution in pH ∼4-5. However, the adsorption efficiency ...

A simple cyclopalladated complex of 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol showed a specific red-to-green colour change upon addition of organotin species in the acetonitrile-water medium.

We prepared silica-dye-nanocrystal hybrid particles and studied the energy transfer from semiconductor nanocrystals (= donor) to organic dye molecules (= acceptor). Multishell CdSe/CdS/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals were adsorbed onto monodisperse Stöber silica particles with an outer silica shell of thickness 2-23 nm containing organic dye molecules (Texas Red). The thickness of ...

The covalent immobilization of synthetic or natural macromolecular compounds containing amino groups onto polystyrene (PS) solid surfaces is of great interest in diagnostic applications. A sensitive assay allowing the determination of reactive end groups is therefore a powerful tool for predicting the performance of the active surface. Recently, we reported ...

This article focuses on the physical chemical aspects of the formation of supramolecular nanoparticles with defined size and varying shape through electrostatic self-assembly of macroions and multivalent aromatic counterions. For cationic poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and different di- and trivalent sulfonate groups carrying azo dyes, the onset of interdendrimer connection and assembly ...

The viability of the application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to the semi-quantitative analysis of the triphenylmethane dye gentian violet was examined by using activated borohydride-reduced silver colloids. Raman and SERS spectra of aqueous solutions of gentian violet at different pH values were acquired for the first time and equally ...

To increase the water solubility and cationic charges at pH 7, cationic moieties were introduced onto both the C(6)-OH and C(2)-NH(2) groups in the chitosan (CTS) matrix by graft modification. The chemical structure of the obtained copolymer was demonstrated by characterizations of FT-IR, (13)C NMR, WXRD, SEM. Its excellent decolorization ...

The interaction of a macrocycle's aggregates with a guest molecule has special interest due to the double role, both of macrocycle cavity and self-associates, in the binding of the guests. Here, we report on the interactions of nonaggregated methyl-substituted (SCA1) and aggregated penthyl-substituted (SCA2) tetramethylenesulfonated calix[4]resorcinarenes with pH indicators methyl ...

Multicolor particles were prepared by incorporating two dyes, one fluorescent (fluorescein isothiocyanate) and one phosphorescent (tris(1,10-phenanathroline) ruthenium ion), into the silica matrix. Colors of the particles can be easily tuned by either varying the doping ratios of the two dyes or changing the excitation wavelength while fixing the ratios. The ...

In this paper the Mannich reaction product of dimethylamine, acetone and formaldehyde was grafted onto hydroxymethylated lignin to form a lignin-base cationic polyelectrolyte (L-DAF). L-DAF samples with different cationic strengths and molecular weights were synthesized and characterized. Their performance as a cationic flocculant in removing three anionic azo-dyes (Acid Black, ...

We evaluated a number of lipophilic dyes and fluorochromes, including oxazone and thiazone derivatives of oxazine and thiazine dyes, scintillator agents, a carotenoid and a metal-porphyrin complex for visualization of lipid droplets within aldehyde fixed cultured HeLa and BGC-1 cells. Observation under ultraviolet, blue or green exciting light revealed selective ...

The removal of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye and orange II (OII), an anionic dye, from aqueous solution by using carbon nanomaterials as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNF) as adsorbents was studied in batch experiments. The effect of pH, temperature and surface modification of adsorbent on ...

This paper studied the efficiency of electrocoagulation/electroflotation in removing colour from synthetic and real textile wastewater by using aluminium and iron electrodes in an external-loop airlift reactor of 20 L. The disperse dye is a mixture of Yellow terasil 4G, Red terasil 343 150% and Blue terasil 3R02, the reactive ...

The interaction between rhodamine 6G and different polyelectrolytes is analyzed. Structural aspects differentiate these polyelectrolytes, such as the presence of aromatic groups and the number and localization of their respective charges, which may be directly attached to the aromatic groups or to the polymeric main chain. In the case of ...

The nanoparticles of templated crosslinked chitosan, ECH-RB5 and ECH-3R, were prepared through the imprinting process using Remazol Black 5 (RB5) and Remazol Brilliant Orange 3R (3R) dyes, respectively, as templates and ECH as a crosslinker. The nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher adsorption capacities of the dyes than other nanoparticles formed without ...

For the first time, nanoparticles of zinc chromite, spinel ZnCr(2)O(4) have been fabricated by the thermal decomposition of Zn-Cr gel prepared by sol-gel method in the presence of oxalic acid as a chelating agent. It was shown that the well-crystallized spinel structure is formed after calcination at 450°C. The nanospinel ...

We used polyisoprene-block-ethyleneoxide copolymers as structure-directing agents to synthesise well-ordered and highly-crystalline mesoporous WO(3) architectures that possess improved photocatalytic properties due to enhanced dye-adsorption in absence of diffusion limitation.