OBJECTIVE:: To estimate whether there is an association between excessive early gestational weight gain and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and excessive fetal growth. METHODS:: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of vitamins C and E in nulliparous low-risk women. Maternal weight gain from ...

Cross-sectional research has documented elevated prevalence of obesity in lesbian and bisexual women relative to heterosexual women, but little is known about disparities in longitudinal patterns in BMI change during adulthood. To examine sexual orientation-related disparities in individual BMI trajectories throughout adulthood. Data on BMI, sexual orientation, and sociodemographics were ...

This study conducts a within-subject comparison of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) to assess change in alcohol and other drug treatment outcomes for pregnant and postpartum women. Data are from 139 women who were pregnant or who had children under 11 months ...

The objective of this study is to gain an in-depth understanding of issues related to gestational weight gain (GWG) including general health, diet, and physical activity among high and low income women and to elucidate socio-ecological and psychosocial risk factors that increase risk for excessive GWG. We conducted 9 focus ...

BACKGROUND:: Weight gain after diagnosis is common among women with breast cancer, yet results have been inconsistent among the few studies examining its effects on survival. METHODS:: We examined the effects of weight gain on mortality among a cohort of 1436 women diagnosed with a first primary breast cancer in ...

The waterpipe is an ancient Middle Eastern tobacco delivery system, which is also known as hookah, shisha, or narghile, and it is gaining widespread use. Waterpipes are often perceived as less dangerous than cigarettes. The amount of smoke inhaled in a waterpipe session may equal that produced by more than ...

Weight gain following smoking cessation increases cardiovascular risk, but its effects on prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between weight gain post smoking cessation and one-year clinical outcome in patients who underwent PCI with drug-eluting stent (DES). A total of 895 ...

How to cite this article Brown A. & Avery A. (2012) Healthy weight management during pregnancy: what advice and information is being provided. J Hum Nutr Diet. ABSTRACT: Background:  Being overweight or obese during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality attributed to pregnancy-related complications and also poses ...

BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of the average annual body weight (BW) gain in US adults (∼0.5-1 kg/y) may result from modest episodes of positive energy balance during the winter holiday season. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether holiday BW gain was reduced in participants with high baseline total energy expenditure (TEE) or ...

This study examines two commonly used and accepted theoretical models in health communication-the stages of change and message framing-to determine whether gain- or loss-framed messages are more effective at getting people to intend to quit smoking depending on their current stage of change (precontemplation, contemplation, or preparation). One hundred forty-eight ...

Introduction and Aims. Although, in the laboratory, most acute adverse effects of cocaine are dose-dependent and alcohol potentiates some of these effects, there are few observational studies, and scarce awareness that the risk of acute cocaine intoxication (ACI) can increase as the amounts of cocaine and alcohol consumed increase. Our ...

Hair relaxers are used by millions of black women, possibly exposing them to various chemicals through scalp lesions and burns. In the Black Women's Health Study, the authors assessed hair relaxer use in relation to uterine leiomyomata incidence. In 1997, participants reported on hair relaxer use (age at first use, ...

This study examined associations between mortality and demographic and risk characteristics among young injection drug users in San Francisco, California, and compared the mortality rate with that of the population. A total of 644 young (<30 years) injection drug users completed a baseline interview and were enrolled in a prospective ...

Objective  To evaluate the anaesthetic death risk for dogs and cats in a French private practice. Study design  Observational cohort study. Animal population  All small animals anesthetized at the Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire des Cordeliers between April 15th, 2008 and April 15th, 2010. Methods  General anaesthesia was defined as a drug-induced ...

The purpose of this study was to examine how victims of sexual abuse in a community corrections population differ as a result of their sex and race. Of the 19,422 participants, a total of 1,298 (6.7%) reported a history of sexual abuse and were compared with nonabused participants. The sample ...

We present five cases of women who received ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane catheters for post-cesarean delivery analgesia. Pain relief was maintained with repeated boluses of local anesthetic combined with oral acetaminophen and ibuprofen unless contraindicated. We conclude that repeated dosing through transversus abdominis plane catheters may be offered to women ...

Research presenting outcomes for women who enter substance abuse treatment during pregnancy consistently shows benefits. While treatment has nearly universal benefits, there are many barriers to seeking substance abuse treatment for pregnant women. The purpose of this study is to explore barriers for rural pregnant women seeking substance abuse treatment. ...

Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) occurs primarily in African-American women and is the most common cause of scarring hair loss in this population. Since the mid 20th century, hair care practices of African-American women have been associated with CCCA, although there is developing evidence that the etiology of CCCA may ...

Female pattern hair loss is a common problem affecting a large number of women worldwide but beset by a paucity of research. The study of androgens has hitherto dominated the field of hair biology but there is increasing scientific and clinical data to suggest that nonandrogen signals can also affect ...

Androgenetic alopecia affects both men and women. In men it produces male pattern hair loss with bitemporal recession and vertex baldness. In women it produces female pattern hair loss (FPHL) with diffuse alopecia over the mid-frontal scalp. FPHL occurs as a result of nonuniform hair follicle miniaturization within follicular units. ...

Unwanted facial hair (UFH) is an important but often overlooked issue, with over 40% of women experiencing some degree of UFH. In the female population a wide spectrum of unwanted hair concerns is represented - from biologically normal but undesirable to excessive unwanted hair with an underlying pathology. While women ...

OBJECTIVES:: Psychostimulants are highly addictive and their use is increasing. Little is known about psychostimulant-related deaths. This study identified characteristics, risk factors, and contributing substances reported upon death among former prison inmates who died from a psychostimulant-related death. METHODS:: This retrospective cohort study of released inmates from 1999 to 2003 ...

BACKGROUND: Opioids have been shown to impair psychomotor and cognitive functioning in healthy volunteers with no history of opioid abuse. Few or no significant effects have been found in opioid-dependant patients in experimental or driving simulation studies. The risk of road traffic crash among patients under buprenorphine or methadone has ...

This study utilized data from a National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism funded community-based HIV prevention program in the Midwest in 2000. We categorized women who met lifetime criteria for alcohol dependence (using the DIS) and who also had used cocaine (n = ...

BackgroundRecent reports have linked high childhood IQ scores with excess alcohol intake and alcohol dependency in adult life, but the relationship with illegal drug use in later life is relatively unknown.MethodsThe authors used data from a large population-based birth cohort (1970 British Cohort Study) with measures of lifetime cannabis and ...

BACKGROUND: Prior research established that psychological factors are associated with the frequency of stimulant (i.e., cocaine, crack, and methamphetamine) use among substance-using men who have sex with men (MSM). The present investigation examined whether and how psychological factors are associated with engagement in any stimulant use in the broader population ...

This study examined the prevalence and correlates of sexual risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in two samples of outpatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), including suicidal BPD women (n = 99) and opiate-dependent BPD men and women (n = 125). High rates of sexual risk behaviors and STIs ...

Growing evidence suggests intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance misuse are co-occurring problems that disproportionately affect low income urban women seeking care in emergency departments (EDs) and represent leading causes of injuries that result in ED visits. This paper examines temporal bidirectional associations between different types of drug and alcohol ...

Before now, there has been no study of finasteride use exceeding 1 year in Japanese men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) except the study subsequently conducted from the development phase. Since the launch of finasteride, no study in a larger population had been reported. Ethnic variation of the onset age, progressive nature ...

Background:  Androgens are thought to have an adverse effect on female scalp hair growth. However, our clinical experience of androgen replacement therapy in women with androgen deficiency, in which hair loss was seldom reported, led us to question this concept. Objectives:  This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ...

Androgenetic alopecia is the most common hair loss disorder, affecting both men and women. Initial signs of androgenetic alopecia usually develop during teenage years leading to progressive hair loss with a pattern distribution. Moreover, its frequency increases with age and affects up to 80 % Caucasian men and 42 % ...

Prospective cohort studies about cutaneous melanoma (CM) risk are still few. Host factor- and UVR exposure data were collected prospectively by questionnaire in this population-based cohort study including 40000 Swedish born women, aged 25-64 years at enrolment (1990). Risk for CM (Cox regression and Stepwise Cox regression [SCR], hazard ratios ...

CONTEXT: Illicit drug use is associated with risky sexual behaviors in adolescents and young adults. However, few studies have examined these associations among drug users of all reproductive ages, using a control group of nonusers. METHODS: Associations between marijuana and cocaine use, and outcomes related to sexual behaviors and reproductive ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between substance abuse and dependence and violent behavior in a sample of incarcerated women with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Among male populations, substance dependence is associated with aggression and criminal behavior. Individuals with ASPD have more severe substance dependence, including ...

The objective of this study was to identify demographic and substance abuse trends among pregnant women entering treatment over eleven years. This study compiled the publicly available Treatment Episode Datasets from the Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration from 1998 to 2008. Subjects included 1,724,479 women entering publicly funded substance ...

Aims: To examine mortality rates and causes of death among a cohort of substance-using mothers and to identify risk factors that predict mortality. Design, setting, participants: This is a prospective study of a cohort of 4,447 substance-using mothers (pregnant or parenting) who were enrolled during 2000 to 2002 in 40 ...

AIMS: Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of both methadone and buprenorphine when used with opioid dependent men transitioning from prison to the community, but no studies have been conducted with women in the criminal justice (CJ) system. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of buprenorphine ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the normative cut-off score that defines hirsutism among Chinese women, and the effect of age, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic ovaries on the same. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based study. SETTING: A multistage systematic cluster random sampling among 16 communities from two rural and two city regions. PATIENT(S): A representative ...

Aims:  Hepatitis C (HCV) infection is highly prevalent among IDUs, and likely to cause significant mortality over time, but little research attention has focused upon the magnitude of this risk, particularly among ageing users. This study examined trends over time in mortality attributed to liver disease, and in particular contrasting ...

Substance use screening in a primary care setting compared the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST version 3.0), Two-Item Conjoint Screen (TICS), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) daily limit single item, and electronic medical record (EMR). Among 236 consecutive adults, ASSIST moderate- to high-risk substance ...

BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepines (BZs) are among the most frequently prescribed drugs with the potential for abuse. Young adults ages 18-29 report the highest rates of BZ misuse in the United States. The majority of club drug users are also in this age group, and BZ misuse is prevalent in the nightclub ...

Little is known about bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with heroin addiction and subsequent methadone substitution. The goal of this study was to compare bone mass density of young HIV-negative women on long-term methadone treatment to a local group of young healthy women. Eleven women (aged 20-29) with previous ...

BACKGROUND: Although twice-daily application of propylene glycol-containing 2% minoxidil topical solution (MTS) stimulates new hair growth, higher concentrations of minoxidil in a once-daily, propylene glycol-free formulation may improve efficacy and reduce unpleasant side effects. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the efficacy, safety, and acceptability and to show noninferiority of once-daily ...

Aromatic amine components in hair dyes, and polymorphisms in genes that encode enzymes responsible for hair dye metabolism, may be related to bladder cancer risk. We evaluated the association between hair dye use and bladder cancer risk and effect modification by NAT1, NAT2, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes in a population-based ...

Abstract Prevalence and seasonal distribution of Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis), and Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché) infestations in urban dogs of the city of Aguascalientes, Mexico were studied. Between January and December 2007, 863 dogs in the Municipal Canine and Feline Control Center were examined. Overall prevalence of infestation was 12% (95% CI ...

Unitary appreciative inquiry was used to explore healing in the lives of 11 women abused as children using a model of participatory dreaming. Aesthetics, imagery, and journaling were used in a participatory design aimed at the appreciation of healing in the lives of the participants as it related to the ...

INTRODUCTION: The high prevalence of cigarette smoking among heroin users has triggered many studies to explore possible interactions between cigarette smoking and heroin addiction; however, little is known about the relationship between cigarette smoking behaviors and routes of heroin administration. The present study provided the first examination of cigarette smoking ...

To evaluate the association of self-reported type 2 diabetes, anthropometric factors, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking with risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in a prospective cohort study of African-American women. From 1995 through 2007, 32,570 Black Women's Health Study participants aged 21 to 69 years at baseline were followed ...

The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with 3 presentations of hock lesions (hair loss, ulceration, and swelling) in freestall-housed lactating cattle. By independent identification and scoring of, and analysis of the factors associated with, hair loss, ulceration, and swelling, the aim was to identify ...

Background  Eyebrow bleaching is a common practice among women with dark hair that allows for alterations in the eyebrows' shape without the use of hair removal. A literature search on this topic failed to reveal any extant studies. Objective  To explore the prevalence, associated motives, and side effects of eyebrow ...