OBJECTIVE: This study determinedthe hormonal and subjective appetite responses to exercise (1-h continuous v. intermittent exercise throughout the day) in obese individuals. DESIGN AND METHODS: Eleven obese subjects (>30 kg/m(2) ) underwent 3, 12-hour study days: control condition (sedentary behavior-SED), continuousexercise condition ((EX) 1-h exercise), and intermittentexercisecondition ((INT) 12 hourly, ...

ABSTRACT The purpose of this case report was to describe the use of the Nintendo® Wii Fit Plus as an alternative exercise for an 11-year-old child with primary Raynaud's disease (PRD) and obesity who was not involved in organized sports and had limited outdoor physical activity and exercise. The Wii ...

During non-steady-state exercise, dynamic changes in pulmonary oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) are dissociated from skeletal muscle [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) by changes in lung and venous O(2) concentrations (CvO(2)), and the dynamics and distribution of cardiac output (CO) between active muscle and remaining tissues ([Formula: see text]). ...

Fatigue is one of the most common and most distressing problems in lymphoma patients. A vicious circle is presumed between fatigue, physical activity and physical fitness. It is plausible that an exercise training program would be effective in reducing fatigue, by breaking this vicious circle. The purposes of this review ...

We hypothesised that phase II time constant (τ(2)) of alveolar O(2) uptake ( [Formula: see text] ) is longer in hypoxia than in normoxia as a consequence of a parallel deceleration of the kinetics of O(2) delivery ( [Formula: see text] ). To test this hypothesis, breath-by-breath [Formula: see text] ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with and without global fat-free mass (FFM) depletion. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control. SETTING: Outpatient clinic, university center. PARTICIPANTS: All COPD patients referred to the PR program were ...

The dynamic adjustment and amplitude of the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of the carotid, aorta, iliac and femoral vessels were measured in response to acute low- (LI) or high-intensity (HI) endurance exercise. Vasorelaxation to 10(-4) M ACh (ACh) was evaluated in 10 control, 10 LI, and 10 HI rats. Two mm sections ...

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to characterize responses in oxygen uptake (V[bullet]O2), heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (OMNI scale) and integrated electromyogram (iEMG) readings during incremental Nordic walking (NW) and level walking (LW) on a treadmill. Ten healthy adults (four men, six women), who regularly engaged in physical ...

The use of in vitro experimental models of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) that mimic in vivo ischemia-reperfusion represents a powerful tool to investigate cardioprotective strategies against myocardial infarction. Most in vitro studies are performed using neonatal cardiac cells or immortalized embryonic cardiac cell lines which may limit the extrapolation of the results. ...

BACKGROUND: The data existing in the literature regarding the safety of using regadenoson with symptom-limited exercise are limited, which motivated the authors to undertake this randomized study. METHODS: We offered patients scheduled to undergo vasodilator stress nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging the opportunity to exercise instead. Patients who failed to reach ...

When safety concerns forced the removal of ephedra from the market, other botanicals, including Citrus aurantium or bitter orange (BO) were used as replacements. A major component of the BO extract is synephrine, a chemical that is structurally similar to ephedrine. Because ephedrine has cardiovascular effects that may be exacerbated ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Lifestyle modifications including exercise are beneficial and fundamentally part of the therapy of metabolic syndrome, although in most of the cases medical interventions are also required to reach the target values in the laboratory parameters. Statin and fibrate combination therapy is considered to be safe and effective in ...

Objective: To compare the effects of inspiratory resistance training and isocapnic hyperpnoea vs incentive spirometry (placebo) on respiratory function, voice, thorax mobility and quality of life in individuals with tetraplegia. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Patients/methods: A total of 24 individuals with traumatic, complete tetraplegia (C5-C8, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) ...

The early 21st century has witnessed a steady push by scientists, industry leaders, and government officials to make medicine more personalized. To date, the concept of personalized medicine has referred largely to the field of pharmacogenomics. In contrast, relatively few data exist regarding the application of preventive strategies such as ...

The adjustment of pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO(2p)), heart rate (HR), limb blood flow (LBF), and muscle deoxygenation [HHb] was examined during the transition to moderate-intensity, knee-extension exercise in six older adults (70 ± 4 years) under two conditions: normoxia (FIO(2) = 20.9 %) and hypoxia (FIO(2) = 15 %). The subjects performed repeated step transitions from an active baseline ...

Aim: We propose a method to estimate O2 deficit (DefO2) during supramaximal exercise based on the analysis of gas exchanges. Methods: We determined in 14 male subjects breath-by-breath ∙VO2 at the onset of step exercise of moderate and supramaximal intensities. ∙VO2 response during moderate-intensity exercise was fitted as a bi-exponential ...

This article examines the nature of exercise addiction. It presents a broad, congruent and discerning narrative literature review with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of the condition 'exercise addiction', including symptoms and options for treatment. In addition, guidelines are provided with respect to 'healthy' levels of exercise. Criteria ...

To test if the use of a peaked cap protects children against sun radiation, allowing increased exercise performance, nineteen healthy children (10.3 ± 0.8 years old, 146.2 ± 6.9 cm, 36.8 ± 5.5 kg, 1.2 ± 0.1 m2 and 44.1 ± 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) took part in 4 experimental situations: 2 ...

Until recently, assessment of muscle metabolism was only possible by invasive sampling. 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) offers a way to study muscle metabolism non-invasively. The aim of the present study was to use spatially-resolved 31P MRS to assess the metabolism of the quadriceps muscle in sprint-trained, endurance-trained and ...

Aging is an inevitable process that is associated to loss of functional capacities in several body systems, like the cardiovascular, the skeletal muscle mass, the osteoarticular and the neuro-immune-endocrine systems. Changes appear due to interactions between genetic factors and way of life, such as diet and sedentary life style. This ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the third leading cause of mortality in the United States in 2009 and accounts for millions of dollars in health care expenses annually. It is characterized by slow declines in functional ability and exercise tolerance, which are strongly predictive of poor health-related quality of ...

Abstract The purpose of the study was to assess the average physical intensity and energy expenditure during a single round of golf on hilly and flat courses in a heterogeneous group of healthy men and women of varying age and golf handicap. Forty-two males and 24 females completed an incremental ...

PURPOSE: The impact of prophylactic supplementation of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on intramuscular expression of proteolytic genes after unaccustomed eccentric muscle contractions was investigated. METHODS: Thirty apparently healthy males (mean ± SD: 20.0 ± 1.8 years, 175 ± 7.1cm, 76.1 ± 16.9 kg) ingested daily either 1,800 mg ...

This study sought to measure any acoustic changes in the speaking voice immediately after phonation exercises involving plastic straws versus phonation exercises with the open vowel /a/. Forty-one primary school teachers with slightly dysphonic voices were asked to participate in four phonatory tasks. Phonetically balanced text at habitual intensity level ...

ABSTRACT: There is a consensus claiming an ergogenic effect of carbohydrates ingested in the proximity of or during a performance bout. However, in performance studies, the protocols that are used are often highly standardized (e.g. fasted subjects, constant exercise intensity with time-to-exhaustion tests), and do not necessarily reflect competitive real-life ...

This randomized trial compared physical activity enhancing exercise prescription and education programs in 61 children (36 male) with single-ventricle physiology after Fontan. After Fontan, children are less active than recommended for optimal health. They are often geographically dispersed and unable to attend weekday programs. Participants, 5.9-11.7 years of age who were ...

BACKGROUND:: Although exercise has been addressed as a promising therapy for cancer adverse effects, few studies have evaluated the beneficial effects of exercise for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients during chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE:: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of supervised-exercise intervention with those of usual care on ...

Various regulatory mechanisms of pulmonary oxygen uptake ( V ˙ O 2 ) kinetics have been postulated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between vagal withdrawal, measured using RMSSDRR, the root mean square of successive differences in cardiac interval (RR) kinetics, a mediator of oxygen delivery, ...

The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude and the origin of neuromuscular fatigue induced by half-squat static whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise, and to compare it to a non-WBV condition. Nine healthy volunteers completed two fatiguing protocols (WBV and non-WBV, randomly presented) consisting of five 1-min bouts of ...

PURPOSE: To establish the thermal and performance effects of wearing a lower-body graduated compression garment (GCG; COMPRESSION) in a hot environment (35.2 (0.1)°C) with a representative radiant heat load (~800 W.m2) in contrast to a CONTROL (running shorts) and SHAM condition (a compression garment 1-size larger than that recommended by ...

Rationale: During exercise at critical power (CP) in COPD patients, ventilation approaches its maximum. Because of the slow ventilatory dynamics in COPD, ventilatory limitation during supramaximal exercise might be escaped using a rapid sinusoidal forcing. Methods: Nine COPD patients (age=60.2±6.9yrs, FEV1=42±17% predicted, FEV1/FVC=39±12%) underwent incremental and then four constant work ...

McArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease type V) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic myopathy due to myophosphorylase deficiency. It classically manifests by exercise intolerance, leg cramps, muscle pain and occasionally exercise induced myoglobinuria. The onset of exercise intolerance is typically in the second or third decades of life. It has ...

The purpose of this article is to describe the conceptual model and implementation strategies of an evidence-based, aquatic exercise program specifically targeting individuals with dementia-The Watermemories Swimming Club (WSC). Physical exercise not only improves the functional capacity of people with dementia but also has significant effects on other aspects of ...

Molecularly targeted therapeutics (MTT) are the future of cancer systemic therapy. They have already moved from palliative therapy for advanced solid malignancies into the setting of curative-intent treatment for early-stage disease. Cardiotoxicity is a frequent and potentially serious adverse complication of some targeted therapies, leading to a broad range of ...

Exercise is widely recommended as one of the key preventive lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of hypertension and to manage high blood pressure (BP), but individual studies investigating the effect of exercise on ambulatory BP have remained inconclusive. Therefore, the primary purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was ...

The relationship between heart beat frequency and the rate of oxygen consumption for different species of birds and mammals is influenced by body size, the type of exercise being undertaken and its intensity. Here a model is presented combining allometric scaling and exercise-induced variations in oxygen consumption and blood flow, ...

Background:Distance walked during the six-minute walk test (6MWT) predicts mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The body weight of the patient affects the work required to walk. Calculated work during the 6MWT (6MWORK) may account for differences in walking distance resulting from change in body weight. Thus, 6MWORK might ...

Intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) is sometimes used by athletes to enhance 'non-hematological' physiological adaptations to simulated altitude. We investigated whether IHT would result in greater improvements in muscle energetics and exercise tolerance compared to work-matched intermittent normoxic training (INT). Nine physically-active males completed three weeks of intensive single-leg knee-extensor exercise ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Functional exercise capacity in people with asbestos related pleural disease (ARPD) is unknown and there are no data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The primary aims were to determine whether functional exercise capacity and HRQoL were reduced in people with ARPD. The secondary aim was to determine ...

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the recovery rate of football skill performance following resistance exercise of moderate or high intensity. Ten elite football players participated in three different trials: control, low-intensity resistance exercise (4 sets, 8-10 repetitions/set, 65-70% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]) and high-intensity resistance exercise ...

ABSTRACT: The reverse fly machine is a popular exercise for strengthening the horizontal shoulder abductors including the posterior deltoid. . There seems to be little consensus as to which hand position most effectively targets the posterior deltoid despite this option on most machines. This study investigated the impact of varying ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of several matches per day on running performance and cardiovascular stress in referees during a National Rugby Sevens Championship. METHODS: Seven referees, who refereed three matches per day, were monitored during 21 matches using GPS. RESULTS: Referees movement patterns ...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore physiological responses to the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and assess computed tomographic (CT) features of the lungs and thigh muscle in order to determine contributors to dyspnea intensity and exercise limitation in dyspneic and non-dyspneic subjects with GOLD-1 COPD and controls. METHODS: We compared Borg ...

INTRODUCTION: Acute moderate-intensity exercise reduces postprandial lipemia in boys. However, the effect of high-intensity exercise has not been investigated. This study examined the effect of low-volume, high-intensity interval running (HIIR) on postprandial plasma triacylglycerol concentrations [TAG]. METHODS: Fifteen healthy, active boys (means(SD): age 11.8(0.4) years; body mass 42.8(8.0) kg; peak ...

BACKGROUND: Training recovery is vital for adaptation and performance, and to avoid cumulative fatigue and symptoms associated with overtraining. The use of cold-water immersion (CWI) as a recovery strategy is common; however, the physiological and biochemical rationale behind its use remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the relationship between ...

BACKGROUND: Exercise is known to reduce disability and improve quality of life in persons with Parkinson disease (PD). Although barriers to exercise have been studied in older adults, barriers are not well defined in persons with chronic progressive neurological diseases, such as PD. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was ...

OBJECTIVE: Frequent computer use is associated with an increase in musculoskeletal complaints. The present study aims at comparing the relative efficacy of three novel interventions for the preventions of musculoskeletal complaints in frequent computer users. PARTICIPANTS: 93 employees (56 woman, 37 men, mean age 40.1 ± 8.8 years) with frequent ...

ABSTRACT: Much recent attention has been given to the compatibility of combined aerobic and anaerobic training modalities. However few of these studies have reported data related to well-trained runners, which is a potential limitation. Therefore, due to the limited evidence available for this population, the main aim was to determine ...

PURPOSE:: To evaluate the time international canoe polo players spend performing various game activities, measure heart rate (HR) responses during games, and describe the physiological profile of elite players. METHODS:: Eight national canoe polo players were videotaped and wore HR monitors during 3 games at a World Championship and underwent ...

The study investigated physiological responses during 2-km walking at a certain intensity of a previously performed maximal exercise test where moderate perceived exertion was reported. Twenty seniors were examined by an incremental walking treadmill test to obtain maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). A submaximal 2-km walking test was applied 1 wk ...