The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of exercise training on gut hormone levels after a single bout of exercise in middle-aged Japanese women. Twenty healthy middle-aged women were recruited for this study. Several measurements were performed pre and post exercise training, including: body weight ...

We evaluated the safety and feasibility of home telerehabilitation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eight patients with mean age of 66 years and moderately impaired lung function took part. The telerehabilitation equipment in the participant's home included an exercise bicycle, a tablet computer with webcam for low ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether active duty military personnel meet Healthy People 2010 objectives for physical activity and fruit, vegetable, and whole-grain intake; the relationship of select demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors (eg, smoking), and eating patterns (eg, frequency and location of meals) on achieving diet and exercise-related Healthy People 2010 objectives; ...

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) describes acute airway narrowing that occurs as a result of exercise. EIB occurs in a substantial proportion of patients with asthma, but may also occur in individuals without known asthma. Methods: To provide clinicians with practical guidance, a multidisciplinary panel of stakeholders was convened to review ...

BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of exercise as a treatment for DSM-IV diagnosed anxiety disorders. METHODS: We searched PubMED and PsycINFO for randomized, controlled trials comparing the anxiolytic effects of aerobic exercise to other treatment conditions for DSM-IV defined anxiety disorders. Seven trials were included in the final analysis, ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on biochemical, pain, and performance parameters during the 5-day recovery period after damaging exercise for hamstrings. Participants completed a bout of damaging exercise for the hamstring muscles on two separate occasions (control and experimental condition) separated ...

There is conjecture over the efficacy of respiratory muscle training (RMT). The aim of this study was to establish whether or not exercise tolerance, physical performance and effort perceptions are influenced by RMT in response to an incremental exercise test designed to identify peak oxygen uptake (O2 peak). METHODS: Thirty ...

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) has gained rapid popularity as a post-exercise recovery modality. Despite its widespread use and anecdotal claims for enhancing muscle recovery there is no scientific evidence to support its use. 10 healthy, active males performed a strenuous bout of eccentric exercise (3 sets of 100 repetitions) followed ...

The current study assessed the interactive effect of breakfast and exercise on cognition and mood. Twelve active males completed four trials; no breakfast-rest, breakfast-rest, no breakfast-exercise or breakfast-exercise in a randomized, cross-over design. The trials consisted of; breakfast or fast, a 2h rest, exercise (treadmill run) or equivalent rest, a ...

The purpose of the study was to examine the bilateral and unilateral force production difference in powerlifters (bilateral) and field jumpers (unilateral) to determine the existence of leg dominance.Nineteen powerlifters (PL; n= 11) and field jumpers (J; n= 8) were included in the study. Five different no arm swing countermovement ...

In the last decade self myofascial release (SMR) has become an increasingly common modality to supplement traditional methods of massage, so a masseuse is not necessary. However, there is limited clinical data demonstrating the efficacy or mechanism of this treatment on athletic performance .The purpose of this study was to ...

Purpose: To assess the effects of consuming electrokinetically modified water (EMW) on attenuating muscle damage and improving functional recovery following a single bout of isokinetic resistance exercise. Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to an EMW (n=20) or a placebo control (n=20) group. Subjects consumed EMW or placebo water daily for ...

The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of dietary nitrate ingestion on parameters of submaximal and supramaximal exercise and time trial (TT) performance in trained kayakers. Eight male kayakers completed four exercise trials consisting of an initial discontinuous graded exercise test to exhaustion and three performance ...

The purpose of this review was to examine the effect of nitrate supplementation on exercise performance by systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled human studies. A search of four electronic databases and cross-referencing found 17 studies investigating the effect of inorganic nitrate supplementation on exercise performance that met the inclusion ...

On an empirical basis, exercise has been regarded as a fundamental pre-requisite for human well-being and physical integrity since classical times. Only in the last decades, however, scientific evidence has accumulated proving its role in the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases beyond any reasonable doubt. Few treatment strategies ...

Study Design. Systematic review of interventions.Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy of SSE in adolescent patients with AIS.Summary of Background Data. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. While AIS can progress during growth and cause a surface deformity, it is usually not symptomatic. However, in adulthood, ...

OBJECTIVE: The short-term benefits of exercise for persons with Parkinson disease (PD) are well established, but long-term adherence is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a virtual exercise coach to promote daily walking in community-dwelling persons with ...

PURPOSE: Muscle injuries and extensive exercise are associated with cyclooxygenase dependent formation of inflammatory prostaglandins. Since the effect of topical administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on local cyclooxygenase is unknown, the present exploratory, open label, non-randomized study set out to measure exercise induced release of prostaglandins before and after ...

We asked whether specific inspiratory muscle training (IMT) improves respiratory structure and function and peak exercise responses in highly trained athletes with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Ten Paralympic wheelchair rugby players with motor-complete SCI (C5-C7) were paired by functional classification then randomly assigned to an IMT or placebo group. ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether finger exercise affects surround inhibition in professional musicians as it was previously observed in non-musicians, we performed a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study in 13 healthy right-handed professional musicians. METHODS: TMS was set to be triggered by self-initiated flexion of the index finger at 3ms after ...

There are many established benefits of exercise for older adults. Emerging studies suggest that it may even be able to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older adults with the disease. However, it is yet unknown how bedside nurses can monitor ongoing exercise participation in this population due ...

Objective:We examined the effects of acute exercise on postprandial triglyceride (TG) metabolism following a high-fat meal in overweight black vs white adolescents.Design and subjects:Twenty-one black and 17 white adolescents (12-18 yrs, body mass index 85th percentile) were evaluated twice, during control versus exercise trials, 1-4 weeks apart, in a counterbalanced ...

BACKGROUND: Developing Interventions for Children's Exercise (DICE) is an initiative aimed at determining effective school-based exercise programmes. In order to assess feasibility, we conducted a pilot study of exercise sessions which varied in duration and frequency. METHODS: Exercise interventions were delivered to Year 3 pupils (age 7 to 8 years; ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of acute resistance exercise on multiple cognitive measures in late middle-aged adults and to address the question of whether general or selective cognitive improvements occur. DESIGN: A counterbalanced repeated-measures experimental design. METHODS: Thirty adults (mean age=58.1±3.0 years) were administered five different Stroop test conditions before ...

Carnosine was first discovered in skeletal muscle, where its concentration is higher than in any other tissue. This, along with an understanding of its role as an intracellular pH buffer has made it a dipeptide of interest for the athletic population with its potential to increase high-intensity exercise performance and ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of different design characteristics of virtual reality exercises on engagement during lower-extremity motor rehabilitation. DESIGN: Correlational study. SETTING: SCI rehabilitation center. PARTICIPANTS: Ten control subjects and twelve subjects with spinal cord injury. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Heart rate and electromyographic activity from both ...

There is a paucity of research investigating the effects of innovative physical activity programs on physical health and academic performance in the Latino population. To examine the impact of Dance Dance Revolution [DDR]-based exercise on Latino children's physical fitness and academic achievement. A repeated-measures crossover design was used. In Year ...

Background: After harvesting the fibula flap, pain, sensory disturbance, weakness of donor leg, reduced walking endurance, ankle instability, and lower walking speed had been reported. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess functional outcome of regular home-based exercise on donor ankle strength, endurance, and walking ability after free ...

This article reviews the brain structures and neural circuitry underlying the motor system as it pertains to endurance exercise. Some obvious phenomena that occur during endurance racing events that need to be explained neurophysiologically are variable pacing strategies, the end spurt, motivation and the rating of perceived exertion. Understanding the ...

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate adaptation mechanisms following two test rounds consisting of eccentric exercise using pressure pain imaging of the wrist extensors. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were assessed over 12 points forming a 3×4 matrix over the dominant elbow in 12 participants. From the PPT ...

ABSTRACT: Sports drinks are often used before, during and after tennis tournaments, but their ability to influence physiological and psychological variables and the characteristics of tennis match play remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of ingesting specially formulated pre-exercise, endurance and recovery sports drinks ...

Numerous studies have shown a decreased analgesic potency of morphine in exercise trained animals. Since G-protein subunits have a critical role in opioid effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of exercise-induced morphine insensitivity has not been fully clarified, the present study was designed to determine the changes ...

The purpose of this study was to determine a profile for predicting attrition among older adults involved in a 12-month exercise program. The parent study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. The study took place between 2006 and 2009 within a university setting. Older adults (N = 179) completed baseline assessments of ...

Dietary nitrate supplementation, which enhances nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, has previously been shown to contribute to improved exercise performance by reducing both oxygen cost and energy expenditure. In contrast, previous studies have indicated that NO can lower force production in vitro. To examine the role of dietary nitrates in regulating ...

The present study examined the impact of breakfast and exercise on postprandial metabolism, appetite and macronutrient balance. A sample of twelve (blood variables n 11) physically active males completed four trials in a randomised, crossover design comprising a continued overnight fast followed by: (1) rest without breakfast (FR); (2) exercise ...

OBJECTIVES: Moderate intensity aerobic exercise is known to facilitate cognitive performance but new technologies enable increasing opportunities to investigate this phenomenon under different circumstances. This study aimed to describe the effect of exercise on executive function assessed though a novel tablet-based test. DESIGN: Twenty healthy, active participants volunteered to take ...

OBJECTIVE: Fat oxidation during exercise depends on nutritional state, and exercise performed in the post-absorptive state oxidizes more fat than that performed in the postprandial state. However, the effects of exercise on energy metabolism continue during the post-exercise period, and the difference in fat oxidation during exercise may be compensated ...

Formulating the hypothesis that a maximal running exercise could induce fatigue of some foot muscles, we searched for electromyographic (EMG) signs of fatigue in the tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles. We also searched for post-exercise alterations of the stationary upright standing in normal-arched feet ...

Background: Previously, we demonstrated that exercise can cause small intestinal injury, leading to loss of gut barrier function. The functional consequences of such exercise-induced intestinal injury on subsequent food digestion and absorption are unclear. The present study determined the impact of resistance-type exercise on small intestinal integrity and in vivo ...

To assess original research addressing the effect of the application of compression clothing on sport performance and recovery after exercise, a computer-based literature research was performed in July 2011 using the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Studies examining the effect of compression clothing on endurance, strength ...

Whilst regular exercise is advocated for people with type 1 diabetes, the benefits of this therapy are poorly delineated. Our objective was to review the evidence for a glycaemic benefit of exercise in type 1 diabetes. Electronic database searches were carried out in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane's Controlled Trials Register and ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Computer-based interventions have demonstrated consistent positive effects on various physical abilities in older adults. This study aims to compare two training groups that achieve similar amounts of strength and balance exercise where one group receives an intervention that includes additional dance video gaming. The aim is to investigate ...

This study examined the behavioral and neuroelectrical impacts of a coordinative exercise intervention with different exercise intensities on executive function in kindergarten children. Participants underwent the Eriksen flanker test before and after an exercise program that involved 35-min sessions twice per week for 8 weeks, with either low or moderate intensity. ...

The ingestion of high-fat meals induces a state of endothelial dysfunction in adults. This dysfunction is attenuated by prior exercise. The response of young people to these nutritional and physiological stressors has not been established. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate if a bout of moderate-intensity ...

This study aims to examine the cardiovascular responses during an indoor race walking competition over the distance of 3-km for female and 5-km for male athletes. During the Italian indoor RW Championship heart rate was monitored on eleven well trained race walkers (five men and six women) and then refereed ...

In exercise and cognition research, few studies have investigated whether and how the qualitative aspects of physical exercise may impact cognitive performance in the short or long term. This commentary, after recalling the evidence on the "dose-response" relationship, shifts the focus to intersections between different research areas that are proposed ...

BACKGROUND: Ambulatory patients with uncertain functional capacity may benefit from combined exercise and vasodilator stress protocols for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The safety and MPI image quality with regadenoson administered during symptom-limited exercise have not been prospectively evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 140 patients (mean age 61 years, 48% ...

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of supervised Tai Chi exercises versus the conventional physical therapy exercises in a personalized rehabilitation program in terms of the incidence and severity of falls in a frail older population. Method: The participants were frail older adults living in the community, admitted to the day ...

Abstract Objective. This study evaluates the effects of chewing training on strength and endurance of the masticatory muscles. Materials and methods. Of the 49 healthy young adults included in the study, nine served as controls for a baseline measurement of bite force. The 40 participants who actively trained their masticatory ...

The purpose of this article was to examine the effects of acute exercise on pain perception in healthy adults and adults with chronic pain using meta-analytic techniques. Specifically, studies using a repeated measures design to examine the effect of acute isometric, aerobic, or dynamic resistance exercise on pain threshold and ...