Purine metabolism reflects the exercise-induced muscle adaptations and training status. This study evaluated the utility of plasma hypoxanthine in the prediction of actual sport performance. We studied male athletes: 28 triathletes (21.4±2.9 years), 12 long-distance runners (23.2±1.9 years), 13 middle-distance runners (22.9±1.8 years) and 18 sprinters (22.0±2.7 years). Season-best race ...

We tested the hypothesis that muscle high-energy phosphate compounds and metabolites related to the fatigue process would be recovered after exhaustion during recovery exercise performed below but not above critical power (CP) and that these changes would influence the capacity to continue exercise. Eight male subjects completed single-leg knee-extension exercise ...

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how parents of children with cerebral palsy, attending mainstream primary schools, perceive the relevance of, and adherence with, exercise programs. Methods: A qualitative research with constructivist approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents. Open-ended questions related to their ...

It was found that the response of the adrenal cortex to graded bicycle exercise in children depends on the initial autonomic tonus and is adequate to the background excretion level of hormone metabolites. Seven-year-old sympathotonic girls with increased excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids at rest demonstrated the lowest increase in this parameter ...

PURPOSE: To develop a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-based technique to measure free creatine (Cr) and to validate the technique by measuring the distribution of Cr in muscle with high spatial resolution before and after exercise. METHODS: Phantom studies were performed to determine contributions from other Cr kinase metabolites to ...

The last nuclear accident in Fukushima nuclear power plant has increased the necessity for measuring radiation in the environment. Therefore, radiation monitors providing results traceable throughout the country become essential and it is very important to test them under the same environmental conditions. The first intercomparison of natural radioactivity under ...

Metabonomics is an established strategy in the exploration of the effects of various stimuli on the metabolic fingerprint of biofluids. Here we present an application of (1)H NMR-based metabonomics on the field of exercise biochemistry. Fourteen men were assigned to either of two training programs which lasted 8 weeks and ...

BACKGROUND: Green tea catechins have been hypothesized to increase energy expenditure and fat oxidation by inhibiting catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and thus promoting more sustained adrenergic stimulation. Metabolomics may help to clarify the mechanisms underlying their putative physiological effects. OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the effects of 7-day ingestion of green tea extract ...

We reported previously that concentric or eccentric exercise can lead to errors in human limb position sense. Our data led us to conclude that the errors, post-exercise, were not due to an altered responsiveness of the proprioceptive afferents, and we proposed that they resulted from central changes in the processing ...

It has been hypothesized that exercise-induced changes in metabolites and ions are crucial in the adaptation of contracting muscle. We tested this hypothesis by comparing adaptations to two different interval-training protocols (differing only in the rest duration between intervals), which provoked different perturbations in muscle metabolites and acid-base status. Prior ...

Multi-agency emergency exercises establish and reinforce relationships, and bring people from different areas together to work as a team, realise clear goals, understand roles and responsibilities, and get to know and respect each agency's strengths and weaknesses. However, despite the long-held belief in and respect for exercises in their provision ...

Intracellular concentrations of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) are many times greater than extracellular concentrations (1-10 mM versus 10-100 nM, respectively) and cellular release of ATP is tightly controlled. Transient rises in extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine have important signaling roles; and acting through purinergic receptors, can increase blood flow and oxygenation ...

Primary thunderclap headache (TCH) is a rare condition, of which the onset can be triggered by coughing, exercise, and sexual activity. Micturition is a recognized trigger of secondary TCH with pheochromocytoma in bladder, but not of primary TCH. We describe a patient with an apparent primary TCH, which repeatedly occurred ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by the presence of polycystic ovaries, menstrual dysfunction, infertility and biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism and is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and psychological problems. Despite the well-established benefits of exercise training and its recommendation as a cornerstone of PCOS management, ...

Transdermal drug delivery systems, such as the transdermal patch, continue to be a popular and convenient way to administer medications. There are currently several medications that use a transdermal patch drug delivery system. This article describes the potential untoward side effects of increased drug absorption through the use of a ...

Objective: Therapeutic exercise may benefit patients with incurable cancer, but there is little data on its practicality. We have explored the acceptability of six exercise programmes based on different types of exercise, the preferred delivery method, location and time relative to anticancer treatments and whether various patient characteristics influence choice ...

Dietary nitrate administered in the form of beetroot juice decreases resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and O(2) consumption during walking and running. The effects of dietary nitrate are thought to be mediated via reduction to biologically active nitrite and nitric oxide (NO) molecules. Potential mechanisms for dietary nitrate effects on ...

Exercise therapy is a commonly used conservative therapy for long-term subacromial pain. However, there is no consensus regarding what type of exercises and dosage is most effective. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two exercise programmes: 1) high-dosage (HD) medical exercise therapy versus 2) low-dosage ...

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of 30-min voluntary hyperpnoea on cerebral, respiratory and leg muscle balance between O(2) delivery and utilization during a subsequent constant-power test. Eight males performed a V˙O(2max) test, and two exercise tests at 85% of peak power output: (a) a control ...

Two commonly utilised manual therapy techniques; McKenzie's lumbar extension exercises (EE); and segmental rotational grade V manipulation were investigated to determine their magnitude of neurophysiological effect. Proxy measures of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity (skin conductance) were utilised to ascertaining neurophysiological response. This study determined the neurological effects of these ...

Systematic reviews indicate that exercise has the most evidence of effectiveness in treatment of midportion Achilles tendinopathy. However, there is a lack of long-term follow-ups (>4 years). To evaluate the 5-year outcome of patients treated with exercise alone and to examine if certain characteristics, such as level of kinesiophobia, age, ...

To summarize the current evidence on the effects of preoperative exercise therapy in patients awaiting invasive surgery on postoperative complication rate and length of hospital stay. Data sources: A primary search of relevant key terms was conducted in the electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, PEDro and CINAHL. Review methods: Studies ...

OBJECTIVE:: To identify exercise interventions in the empirical literature to help inform clinical decision making in the treatment of underweight individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and review any recommended differences in treatment planning for those who excessively exercise and those who do not. METHOD:: Online search engines and cross-referencing articles ...

Non-speech oro-motor exercises (NSOMExs) are described in speech and language therapy manuals and are thought to be much used in acquired dysarthria intervention, though there is no robust evidence of an influence on speech outcome. Opinions differ as to whether, and for which dysarthria presentations, NSOMExs are appropriate. The investigation ...

Neurocognitive dysfunction associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is pervasive, persistent across illness phases, and is demonstrated to predispose and portend psychosocial impairment. Moreover, no approved therapies for various phases of BD have been shown to reliably improve any dimension of neurocognitive performance. In this article, we emphasize that aerobic physical ...

Adult guardianship is a coercive exercise of the state's power over an innocent individual, justified only by: 1) the ward's incapacity; and 2) the need to protect the ward's well-being. The raison d'être of guardianship is to improve the well-being of the incapacitated ward. Studies of actual guardianship proceedings have ...

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been the most common contraindication for mandibular advancement device (MAD) as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Exercising the mandible is a recommended form of therapy for TMD. To assess the efficacy of mandibular exercises in the control of pain, changes of quality of ...

To assess the effectiveness of exercise in adults with clinical depression. The databases CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched (1806-2008) using medical subject headings (MeSH) and text word terms depression, depressive disorder and exercise, aerobic, non-aerobic, physical activity, physical fitness, ...

Treatment options for mitochondrial myopathies remain limited despite rapid advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of these conditions. Existing therapies continue to be evaluated and novel treatment strategies are starting to appear on the horizon. Exercise training continues to show promise as a method of improving exercise tolerance ...

This article reviews the use of exercise as a therapeutic and adjunctive intervention in the prevention of weight gain, obesity, and metabolic consequences in multiple populations with psychiatric illnesses. The purpose was to identify the current state of the science for the use of exercise as a psychiatric nursing intervention, ...

Laughter Yoga founded by M. Kataria is a combination of unconditioned laughter and yogic breathing. Its effect on mental and physical aspects of healthy individuals was shown to be beneficial. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Kataria's Laughter Yoga and group exercise therapy in decreasing ...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, affecting 8-12% of women. Lifestyle modification, including increased physical activity, is the first-line approach in managing PCOS. A systematic review was performed to identify and describe the effect of exercise as an independent intervention on clinical outcomes in PCOS. METHODS ...

The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a clinically reasonable guide to intervention choices, by combining a sound understanding of theory with available research evidence. The pathology of contracture formation is presented within the context of tissue repair. The soft tissue response to stress is explained and the ...

Whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) represents a significant public health problem, resulting in substantial social and economic costs throughout the industrialized world. While many treatments have been advocated for patients with WAD, scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness is often lacking. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the strength of evidence for ...

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown that subthreshold electrical or mechanical noise can reduce the sensory threshold and impart short-term improvements in sensorimotor function. We undertook this study to examine the effects of combined subsensory electrical and vibratory stimulation in conjunction with exercise training on long-term motor performance. DESIGN: Thirty subjects ...

Yes. Exercise reduces patient-perceived symptoms of depression when used as monotherapy (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] with significant heterogeneity). It relieves symptoms as effectively as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or pharmacologic anti-depressant therapy (SOR: B, meta-analysis) and more effectively than bright light therapy (SOR: ...

To determine if variations in common treatments for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) affected efficacy. Prospective, pseudo-randomized study. Outpatient practice in a tertiary care facility. Patients (n = 118) with unilateral BPPV of the posterior canal, including 13 patients with BPPV of the lateral canal, were tested at a tertiary ...

Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of cardiovascular mortality, thus therapies to improve renal function should be clinically investigated. We divided consecutive patients with CVD and CKD (n=19) into exercise (n=10) and non-exercise (n=9) therapy groups. Exercise therapy for 12 weeks significantly ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of patient exercise adherence within the prescribed physical therapy treatment period and after physical therapy discharge on patient outcomes of pain, physical function, and patient self-perceived effect in individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and/or knee. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational followup study ...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the feasibility of delivering a structured physical therapy (PT) program as part of a multidisciplinary intervention to patients undergoing outpatient radiation therapy for advanced cancer. DESIGN: A single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial at a quaternary medical center outpatient clinic. One hundred three adults undergoing radiation therapy for advanced ...

Thoracolumbar disc herniation was diagnosed in a two-year-old ferret using a myelogram followed by a computed tomography scan. The ferret was paraplegic with no control over urination and defecation. Conservative treatment that included cage rest and passive range of motion exercises for three weeks followed by extensive physiotherapy and hydrotherapy ...

Systematic Review. Hand therapy interventions for patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA) can include splinting, joint protection technique instruction, paraffin, exercises, and provision of a home exercise program. Examine the quality of the evidence regarding the hand therapy interventions for hand OA. Twenty-one studies dated between 1986 and 2009 were included ...

Severe adverse reactions (SARs) associated with physical exercise have not been systematically studied in cystic fibrosis (CF). Two surveys were conducted to assess the incidence of exercise-related SARs: a caregiver survey asking for complications associated with exercise testing and in-hospital training therapy and a web-based patient survey asking for problems ...

Most trials on the effect of exercise on patients with diabetes mellitus focused on their glycaemic control, only a few focused on sexual dysfunction. A comprehensive two-decade literature review (1989-2009) from peer-reviewed journals was undertaken to examine the roles if any, of therapeutic exercise as an intervention for sexual dysfunction ...

Dysmenorrhoea is characterized by cramping lower abdominal pain that may radiate to the lower back and upper thighs and is commonly associated with nausea, headache, fatigue and diarrhea. Physical exercise has been suggested as a non-medical approach to the management of these symptoms. To assess the evidence for the effectiveness ...

OPThe benefits of exercise in patients with chronic disease have been studied extensively over the last half century. In contrast, investigation of the role of exercise following a diagnosis of cancer has received comparably less attention. In this article, we review the efficacy of exercise training in specific areas across ...

BACKGROUND: Following cued levodopa (LD) intake, endurance exercise showed a beneficial effect on scored motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in comparison with rest. This may result from an exercise induced increase in endogenous dopamine synthesis. As a result, beneficial effects on movement and reactivity may occur. OBJECTIVES: ...

Albuterol, a selective beta-adrenergic agonist, has been used experimentally in combination with exercise therapy in a few inherited neuromuscular disorders to increase muscle strength and muscle volume . We report on a 9-year-old boy with central core disease and mitochondrial dysfunction due to compound heterozygous RYR1 mutations receiving albuterol treatment ...

The many benefits of physical activity in the general population are well accepted. A growing body of evidence in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) demonstrates improvements to aerobic fitness and physical function with exercise therapy. This review outlines the major clinical findings associated with exercise training in ESRD, with ...

To shorten recovery time for adults with acute cervical radiculopathy, recommend either physical therapy (PT) and a home exercise plan or a cervical collar and rest. Both are more effective than a wait-and-see strategy.