The study aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on urine sediment in adolescent soccer players. In 25, 15 year-old (range 14.4-15.8yrs) athletes urinary protein, osmolality and cytology, were analysed by flow cytometry and automated dipstick analysis, before (T0), during (T1) and after a match (T2). All athletes had normal ...

The primary objective was to evaluate the effect of ad libitum vs. restricted fluid replacement protocol on hydration markers and performance in selected military tasks. The secondary objective was to determine if 300 ml x h(-1) could be considered a safe minimum fluid intake under the experimental conditions. Data were ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective was to determine the effects of agility exercise on dogs of different skill levels with respect to urinary eicosanoids, urinary 15F2t-isoprostane (lipid peroxidation marker) and hematological/biochemical changes in plasma. Fifteen adult dogs had blood and urine samples obtained prior to, immediately and 4-hours following an agility ...

PURPOSE: Urine sampling has previously been evaluated for detecting dehydration in young male athletes. The present study investigated whether urine analysis can serve as a measure of dehydration in men and women of a wide age span. METHODS: Urine sampling and body weight measurement were undertaken before and after recreational ...

There is a lack of studies concerning hydration status of young athletes exercising in the heat. PURPOSE: To assess pre-exercise hydration status in young soccer players during a summer sports camp and to evaluate body water balance after soccer training sessions. METHODS: Initial hydration status was assessed in 107 young ...

International Atomic Energy Agency is currently carrying out a survey on the tissue banking activities from the tissue banking organisations worldwide. The purpose of the survey is to establish regional and global overview of the current tissue banking activities and practices in order to assist the International Atomic Energy Agency ...

We examined the validity of 'Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change' six stages in exercise domain. A paper-pencil survey was completed by 457 workers. Self-efficacy tended to increase from Precontemplation to Action, did not change from Action to Maintenance, and then increase from Maintenance to Termination. Pros tended to increase and ...

Public health surveillance systems often monitor physical activity trends, but fitness assessment is relatively rare. This study investigated secular changes in aerobic fitness among Canadian adults and children. Participants aged 8-69 years were from 2 nationally representative surveys, conducted in-home in 1981 and in mobile examination centers in 2007-2009. In both ...

BACKGROUND. This study explores the strategies that experienced walkers felt were most useful for sustaining outdoor walking routines. In order to investigate this issue, a survey-based instrument was used in combination with a Conceptual Content Cognitive Mapping (3CM) exercise. METHODS. 71 experienced walkers were asked to complete the 3CM exercise ...

In recent years car-borne gamma spectrometry has expanded from its role as a geological survey platform to being a useful asset in searching for orphan sources and for surveying in the aftermath of an incident involving the release of radioactive materials. The opportunities for gaining practical experience in the field ...

A questionnaire survey was performed for the first time to assess the prevalence of visual symptoms and G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) due to +Gz exposure in the Chinese Air Force (CAF) to determine the effectiveness of current G tolerance training. Responses were received from 594 individuals. Among them, 302 ...

OBJECTIVES: Epilepsy is a chronic condition that may be associated with several other diseases. Psychiatric comorbidities are highly prevalent and depression is the most common type of psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy. The beneficial effects of exercise for people with epilepsy have been increasingly reported, including reduction of seizure ...

The risk of adverse cardiovascular events peaks in the morning (≈9:00 AM) with a secondary peak in the evening (≈8:00 PM) and a trough at night. This pattern is generally believed to be caused by the day/night distribution of behavioral triggers, but it is unknown whether the endogenous circadian system ...

The Icelandic study of melanoma trends by Héry et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(7):762-767) is a fascinating analysis of an ecologic association. The authors noted a sharp increase in melanoma incidence that appeared to lag a few years behind the increased prevalence of sunbeds ...

Associations between high particulate matter (PM) pollution and increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease have been identified. This study assessed leukotriene (LT) participation in PM-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Ten healthy males exercised 4 times for 30 min in both high PM (550,286 +/- 42,004 particles x cm(-3)) and ...

Approximately 10% of employees undertake night work, which is a significant predictor of weight gain, possibly because responses to activity and eating are altered at night. It is known that the appetite-related hormone, acylated ghrelin, is suppressed after an acute bout of exercise during the day, but no researcher has ...

BACKGROUND: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a constellation of regular, recurring, psychological or somatic complaints, or both, that occur specifically during the luteal phase of the ovulatory menstrual cycle and that resolve by the onset of or during menstruation. Many women of reproductive age experience PMS. Exercise has been proposed ...

We present a family of three-dimensional concentrators constructed from the photic field generated by a Lambertian emitter. The profile of these concentrators is obtained from the field lines for a two-dimensional truncated wedge and is based on the union between a hyperbola and a tilted parabola. By revolution of this ...

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of cytochrome P450 2D6 extensive metabolizer (EM) or poor metabolizer (PM) status on the pharmacokinetics of single doses of venlafaxine extended release (ER) and desvenlafaxine (administered as desvenlafaxine succinate) in healthy adults. METHODS: In an open-label, crossover study, 14 ...

Marmoset photoreceptor development was studied to determine the expression sequence for synaptic, opsin, and phototransduction proteins. All markers appear first in cones within the incipient foveal center or in rods at the foveal edge. Recoverin appears in cones across 70% of the retina at fetal day (Fd) 88, indicating that ...

We examined the response to exercise of selected physiological variables in horses performing the identical routine for eight days, in the morning (a.m.) or in the afternoon (p.m.). Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), and body temperature (BT) were all consistently greater in the p.m. For BP ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are the main mechanism underlying gastro-oesophageal reflux and are a potential pharmacological treatment target. We evaluated the effect of the CB(1)/CB(2) receptor agonist delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta(9)-THC) on TLESRs in dogs. Based on these findings, the effect of delta(9)-THC was studied in healthy ...

PURPOSE: To determine ertapenem transmembrane clearance (CLtm) during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) using a validated in vitro model. METHODS: Ertapenem clearance during continuous hemofiltration and hemodialysis was assessed with AN69 and polysulfone hemodiafilters at 4 dialysate (Qd) and ultrafiltration rates (Quf): 1, 2, 3, and 6 l/hour. Blood and ...

The study focuses on the role of the fired clay brick making industry (BMI) on deforestation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Sudan. The BMI is based on numerous kilns that use biomass fuel, mainly wood which is largely harvested unsustainably. This results in potential deforestation and land degradation. Fuelwood ...

In large-bowel intussusceptions, several US signs are known to indicate a lower likelihood of reducibility by enema. US can demonstrate echogenic dots or lines (foci) in the bowel wall, which might indicate an ischemic bowel. To determine the presence of echogenic intramural and subserosal foci in large-bowel intussusceptions and to ...

Recently, we found that the reactivity of ambulatory blood pressure (BP) to everyday physical activities is highest in the morning. All participants in that study slept normally at night and freely chose their activity levels, which did not allow a separation of any circadian influence on the BP response from ...

The human pathophysiology of asphyxia by hanging is still poorly understood, despite great advances in forensic science. In that context, filmed hangings may hold the key to answer questions regarding the sequence of events leading to death in human asphyxia. Four filmed hangings were analyzed. Rapid loss of consciousness was ...

Results on interpretation of the variability of regional background PM levels in the Western Mediterranean basin (WMB) are presented. Mean PM levels recorded at Montseny, MSY (North-Eastern Spain) in the 2002--2007 period reached 17, 13 and 11 microg/m3 of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1, respectively. The daily evolution of PM levels ...

In 1999, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched a national syphilis elimination plan. Using state-level syphilis incidence data from 1997 to 2005, we found that greater amounts of state-level funding for syphilis elimination in a given year were associated with lower state-level syphilis rates in subsequent ...

A microfluidic device for generating monodisperse chitosan microparticles and separating the desired particle from smaller particles created as a byproduct of this process was described. The purpose of this study is to separate the satellite droplets from their parent droplets to enhance the size uniformity of the desired microparticles. A ...

Many Archaea use rotation of helical flagellar filaments for swimming motility. We isolated and characterized the flagellar filaments of Haloarcula marismortui, an archaeal species previously considered to be nonmotile. Two Haloarcula marismortui phenotypes were discriminated--their filaments are composed predominantly of either FlaB or FlaA2 flagellin, and the corresponding genes are ...

BACKGROUND: The assessment of copper status is difficult. When investigating excess and deficient copper states, healthcare professionals usually assume that the locally available caeruloplasmin and copper assay results are comparable to data from the literature. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different caeruloplasmin assays on the relationship between copper and ...

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate triceps brachii steaks as a substitute for gluteus medius steaks in foodservice and retail applications, including the effect of aging time and USDA quality grade on the palatability of both muscles. Top sirloin butts (n = 600) and shoulder clod arm roasts ...

Human adrenarche is associated with the establishment of a functional zona reticularis (ZR) and increasing secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in sulfated form (DS). Like most non-human primates, rhesus macaques are not believed to undergo adrenarche, though they clearly establish a functional ZR after birth. However, the origins of the rhesus ...

The introduction of the new Olympic class windsurf-board has prompted sailors to develop a new technique of sail "pumping" (rhythmically pulling the sail so that it acts as a wing). Contrary to the old technique that mainly involved upper body activity, the new one requires both upper and lower body ...

PURPOSE: To assess the hydration status and level of hydration knowledge of youths at summer sports camps. METHODS: Sixty-seven active youths, 57 males (mean +/- SD, 12 +/- 2 y, 136 +/- 16 cm, 50.6 +/- 21.1 kg) and 10 females (13 +/- 2 y, 153 +/- 8 cm, 45.2 ...

Glucosinolates (GSss) represent bioactive compounds of Brassica vegetables whose health-promoting effects merely stem from their breakdown products, particularly the isothiocyanates (ITCs), released after hydrolysis of GSs by myrosinase. GSs are occasionally discussed as transient S reservoirs, but little is known concerning the interactive effect of S and N supply on ...

To clarify the effects of volatile-char interaction on the redistribution of fuel-N to N2 during devolatilization and the reduction of NO through gas-solid reactions during combustion, two types of experiments were performed on a novel reactor. The separate combustion of volatile and char and the combustion of entrained pulverized coal, ...

Bulk endocytosis is triggered in central nerve terminals during intense physiological stimulation. This endocytosis pathway can be labelled by the dye FM1-43 but not its more hydrophilic counterpart FM2-10. This selective labelling was proposed to be due to the retention of FM1-43, but not FM2-10, in slowly retrieving structures after ...

BACKGROUND: Odors can affect health and quality of life. Industrialized animal agriculture creates odorant compounds that are components of a mixture of agents that could trigger symptoms reported by neighbors of livestock operations. OBJECTIVE: We quantified swine odor episodes reported by neighbors and the relationships of these episodes with environmental ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients commonly take complementary medicines in conjunction with warfarin yet evidence supporting the safety or the risk of a herb-drug interaction is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible impact of two commonly used herbal medicines, garlic and cranberry, on the pharmacokinetics and ...

An intruder to a group of identical beads contained in a circular plate which is subjected to a circular vibration will trace approximately a cyclic spiral. The trajectory is a result of both migration and rotation. The intruder migrates in the radial direction while rotating with a constant speed with ...

Cisplatin is one of the most effective cytotoxic agents against cancers. Its usage, however, is limited because of severe resistance and systemic toxicity. A formulation of cisplatin-loaded Au-Au(2)S nanoparticles (NPs) with near-IR (NIR) sensitivity is reported to partly overcome this limitation in this paper. NIR sensitive Au-Au(2)S NPs were successfully ...

The objectives were to determine the effects of packaging atmosphere and injection-enhancement on tenderness, sensory traits, desmin degradation, and display color of different beef muscles. Longissimus lumborum (LL; n = 12 pairs), semitendinosus (ST; n = 12 pairs), and triceps brachii (TB; n = 24 pairs; 12 from the same ...

A large number of naturally occurring and synthetic benzoquinones were evaluated for activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, with potential use in termite control. Among these bioactive naturally occurring benzoquinones are 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-methoxy-6-pentyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone. All five of these compounds demonstrated 100% mortality against C. formosanus ...

It is well known that characterization of airborne bioaerosols in indoor environments is a challenge because of inherent irregularity in concentrations, which are influenced by many environmental factors. The primary aim of this study was to quantify the day-to-day variability of airborne fungal levels in a single residential environment over ...

Size-fractionated particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from six U.S. cities and chemically analyzed as part of the Multiple Air Pollutant Study. Particles were administered to cultured lung cells and the production of three different proinflammatory markers was measured to explore the association between the health effect markers and PM. ...

In order to make the judicious use of thiram fungicide we have developed starch- and alginate-based controlled and sustained agrochemical delivery system in the form of beads using calcium chloride (CaCl2) as crosslinker. The beads were characterized by FTIR and swelling studies. To study the effect of composition of the ...

Nanostructured Ag0.8Pbm+xSbTem+2 (m = 18, x = 4.5) system thermoelectric materials have been fabricated by combining mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods followed by annealing for several days to investigate the effect on microstructure and thermoelectric performance. It was found that appropriate annealing treatment could reduce both ...

Concentrations of 9-cis beta-carotene (9-cis betaC) and zeta-carotene (zetaC) in biological samples may provide crucial information on the biological activities of these carotenoids. However, in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) these carotenoids are often co-eluted. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for 9-cis betaC and zetaC quantitation. ...