The longissimus muscles (LM) from 12 lambs (eight = callipyge [CLPG] and four = normal [NML]; 48 kg) were used to 1) assess the effect of freezing with or without prior immersion in liquid nitrogen on calpastatin activity (CA) and on Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) in CLPG, 2) determine the ...

Seeds of Ricinus communis contain two types of lectins; the toxin ricin (approximately 60 kDa) and R. communis agglutinin (approximately 120 kDa). The toxin is a heterodimer composed of a toxic A subunit and a lectin B subunit, while R. communis agglutinin is a tetramer, constituted of two ricin-like dimers ...

The use of synthetic antimalarial compounds played a secondary role to the use of residual insecticides in post World War II antimalarial control and eradication campaigns. The discovery of chloroquine-resistant malaria in South East Asia and South America prompted an intensification of antimosquito measures, rather than a thorough investigation of ...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether psychological responses to exhaustive exercise would vary if the exercise was performed in the AM or PM. Sixteen men completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Profile of Mood States before and following two exhaustive exercise sessions in the AM (0630-0930h) ...

BACKGROUND: Laxative pretreatment decreases the volume of polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) required for colonoscopy without compromising preparation quality. We compared the use of 4 L of PEG-ELS with the use of 2 L plus a laxative. METHODS: One hundred fifty consecutive patients (148 men) undergoing outpatient colonoscopy were ...

Three hundred and fifty six patients (234 males, 122 females) with alopecia areata were classified according to Ikeda's classification. The common type of alopecia areata was most frequently seen in 239 (67.13%) patients, followed by atopic in 60 (16.85%), prehypertensive in 48 (13.4%), and autoimmune/endocrine in 9 (2.52%) patients. Severe ...

To determine the range of the threshold acceleration (a-threshold) for the gravitropic stimulation of Lepidium sativum L. roots and hypocotyls, experiments were performed on a centrifuge-clinostat with two-orthogonal axes. The rotation rate of the clinostat was 4 rpm (< or = 1.8 x 10(-4) g), while that of the centrifuge ...

Despite an initial problem of seasickness I thoroughly enjoyed my five weeks at sea on board HMS Roebuck. Having to make medical decisions can be somewhat daunting. However, you always have back up radio support if required. Although only at sea for a short time, my experience has given me ...

The aims of the present work were to compare the modulating effect of angiotensins I, II, III, IV and (1-7) [AI, AII, AIII, AIV and A(1-7) respectively] on stimulation-evoked noradrenaline release from postganglionic sympathetic nerves in rabbit isolated aorta; to examine the influence of inhibiting the neuronal and extraneuronal uptake ...

The present study examined the influence of incarceration on sources of loneliness. It was hypothesized that incarcerated offenders would perceive the causes of their loneliness differently than a general population sample. 145 male offenders and 112 men from the general population who were recruited on a voluntary basis, reported the ...

Observers watched for 1 or 2 colored words as targets presented in lists of distractor strings (10 items/s). Identification of 1 target (T1) temporarily reduced the accuracy of reporting a 2nd target (T2). This attentional blink (AB) effect was most pronounced when T1 and T2 occurred close together in time. ...

OBJECTIVE: Sobriety checkpoints are an effective deterrent to alcohol-impaired driving although a substantial proportion of drinking drivers who pass through checkpoints are missed. The present study was designed to determine the extent to which police officers correctly identify individuals with blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) at or above 0.05% at checkpoints, ...

Since ceftriaxone and itraconazole are highly protein bound, are excreted via a biliary pathway, and are in vitro modulators of the efflux pump P glycoprotein, a pharmacokinetic interaction between these antimicrobial agents can be hypothesized. Therefore, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole and ceftriaxone alone and in combination in a ...

AIM: To compare cycleanine (Cyc), insularine (Insr), insulanoline (Insn) and verapamil (Ver) in modulation of multidrug resistance (MDR) in vitro. METHODS: The cytotoxic effect was determined by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl], 5-diphenyl tetarzolium bromide (MTT) assay. The intracellular doxorubincin (Dox) accumulation was assayed by spectrofluorometer. RESULTS: Cyc, Insr, Insn, and Ver showed ...

1. 2900 commercial layer-type cockerel chicks were reared on the floor from 1-day-old to 9 weeks of age. 2. The growth curve of the cockerel chicks was [formula see text] 3. The feeding costs (US$) of layer-type cockerel chicks were described by the equation Y = a + bx + ...

We investigated whether resting ventilation and the hypercapnic ventilatory response vary with time of day in awake adult rats. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (VT), inspired ventilation (VI), inspiratory interval (tI), carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and abdominal temperature (Tb) were measured before and during a hypercapnic stimulus (3.5% CO2 in ...

Experiments were conducted to examine the relationship between an onset of diapause and dopamine (DA) content in the cabbage armyworm Mamestra brassicae during pupation. The DA levels were significantly higher in haemolymph, integument and brain-central nervous system of diapause-destined pupae than in non-diapause-destined pupae. The elevated level of the integumental ...

The shear forces necessary to remove ceramic brackets from human premolar teeth using mechanical and electrothermal debonding techniques were compared and the post-debond enamel characteristics were evaluated. The temperature rise in the pulp cavity during electrothermal debonding was recorded. The samples were tested sequentially on a shear jig attached to ...

We conducted three experiments to determine the effects of the callipyge phenotype on the tenderness of several major lamb muscles and to determine the effect of method of cookery on the tenderness of callipyge lamb at 7 d postmortem. In Exp. 1, chops from normal (n = 23) and callipyge ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional role of reticular contractions for digesta passage in sheep. Feed intake, mean retention time of fluid and plastic particles in the reticulo-rumen, rumen fluid volume, forestomach motility and particle size distribution in the faeces were determined in five rumen-fistulated sheep ...

Barrett's esophagus carries a 10-15% lifetime risk of malignant change, and dysplasia may be an early indication of such transformation. Endoscopic surveillance is widely practised but guidelines have not been established. A questionnaire regarding surveillance protocols was sent to all consultants in the Trent Region performing endoscopy (n = 79), ...

Vascular access recirculation is one of the main factors influencing dialysis efficiency. The underestimation of or mistakes in the measurement of access recirculation causes a discrepancy between dialysis prescription and the actual dose of dialysis administered. Moreover, access recirculation is known to increase during a dialysis session. Therefore, the evaluation ...

1. The lunar cycle's influence over psychological disturbances in the human being is known as the Transylvanian effect. 2. Seclusion is used predominantly for the control and management of violence and aggression in patients. 3. If the Transylvanian effect is supported, a relationship between lunar cycles and the use of ...

The possibility that Ureaplasma urealyticum might play an important role in human infertility was first raised more than 20 years ago, but this association remains speculative. Considering the hypothesis that the pathogenicity of Ureaplasma urealyticum may depend on its serotypes, the clastogenic effects of different strains of Ureaplasma urealyticum, at ...

Adult mortality of Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes sollicitans was observed following ultra-low-volume (ULV) exposure to Responde, Permanone 31-66 RTU, and Scourge. Permanone 31-66 RTU (1:2.13, permethrin:PBO) and Scourge (1:3, resmethrin:PBO) were applied at 0.00175 lb AI/acre, while Responde (1:3, prallethrin:PBO) was applied at 0.001 lb AI/acre, and all ...

A study was conducted to determine consumer perceptions of beef top loin steaks of known shear force and to evaluate how buying trends were modified by the tenderness and price variations of these steaks. Strip loins were cut into a 2.54-cm-thick steaks, and the center steak from each strip loin ...

The area under the thrombin generation curve (the endogenous thrombin potential; ETP) has been proposed as a parameter for plasma-based hypercoagulability and to monitor anticoagulant treatment. We present an ETP assay for the routine laboratory using a centrifugal analyser. Throughput is 30 samples/h, within and between run imprecision is 4-5.6%. ...

The effects of extended SSD (ESSD) on orthovoltage x-ray therapy dosimetry have been studied for a Therapax DXT300 treatment unit with several open- and close-ended cones. For the open-ended cones, the beam output and percentage depth dose (PDD) at ESSD can be accurately estimated from the measured data at the ...

To study the effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in the evening on nocturnal changes in airway tone and responsiveness, 17 subjects with mild asthma (mean +/- SD age, 26 +/- 5 years, FEV1% pred., 89 +/- 14%) were exposed to either ambient air (sham) or ETS (20 ppm ...

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the enhancement of different concentrations of gadolinium (Gd), ytterbium (Yb) and iodine in vitro and in vivo. Comparisons were made of the enhancement (HU) of Gd, Yb and iodine in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 30 mg/ml. In vivo dynamic CT studies ...

Thai soldiers who were conscripted, Royal Thai Army forces, professional Border Patrol Police, or local militia (Thai Rangers) located in any of seven provinces of Thailand were bled in April and again, four months later, in July 1989. In 1991, soldiers from five different locations in southern Thailand were bled ...

Compared with the estimated injury fatality rate for workers in all occupations (nine in 100,000 in 1988) the farm fatality rate (48 in 100,000) was among the highest in the nation; in 1993, these rates were eight and 35 in 100,000, respectively. On-road farm-vehicle fatalities have been identified as a ...

Four studies investigated the prefactual (alternative preoutcome predictions) and counterfactual (alternative postoutcome "what might have beens") mental simulations of defensive pessimists and optimists. In Study 1, defensive pessimists engaged in upward (better than expected) prefactual thinking, whereas optimists engaged in downward (worse than actuality) counterfactual thinking in reaction to a ...

Actin tropomyosin filaments were sheared to produce short filaments. Following incubation for 0 to 10000 s annealing of the filaments was assayed by determination of the rate of polymerization of monomeric actin onto the filament ends. The rate of decrease of the concentration of filament ends was found to be ...

Hibernation patterns were monitored continuously for 2.5 years in female squirrels that were neurologically intact or in which the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) was completely ablated (SCNx). The number of hibernation bouts in SCNx squirrels increased by 159%, total hibernation time increased by 58%, and periodic arousals from hibernation were ...

The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an effect of time of day on aerobic power elicited during exhaustive high-intensity constant-power cycle ergometer exercise. Twenty-four college students (12 women and 12 men) each performed three exhaustive exercise tests (against 3.5 W.kg-1 for women and 4.0 K.kg-1 ...

AIM: To determine effect of fluvoxamine (Flu) on imipramine (lmi) N-demethylation in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS: The pharmaco-kinetic parameters of a single oral dose of lmi (100 mg) were compared before and during 2 wk coadministration of Flu (100 mg.d-1). RESULTS: Flu resulted in a doubling of Cmax (112 +/- ...

Nine formulations were processed into bologna with different ratios of soy protein isolate (SPI):sodium caseinate (SCA), i.e. 1:1, 1:2.5, 1:5, 5:1, 5:2.5, 5:5, 10:1, 10:2.5 and 10:5. The products were evaluated for yields, emulsion stability, physical measurements (shearforce-kgf and folding test) and taste panel evaluation. Formulations with 5:1 and 5:5 ...

We tested the hypothesis that continued secretion of gonadal steroids is necessary to suppress hibernation in male golden-mantled ground squirrels in the weeks after the terminal arousal in spring. Juvenile and adult males were gonadectomized or sham gonadectomized 1 wk after the terminal arousal; 64% of castrated and none of ...

In this case report we describe an interaction between clozapine and fluvoxamine in two physically healthy patients meeting the DSM-IIIR criteria for paranoid schizophrenia. The substantial rise of clozapine serum levels suggest that caution should be exercised when combining fluvoxamine with clozapine as the clozapine concentration may increase by a ...

Recounted are some, not all, of the most significant contributions to otology. The history of otology has, for the most part, followed the history of medicine: Little was known of otology by the ancient physicians, but their work must be reviewed to appreciate the progress that has been made. Most ...

To elucidate the mechanism of the resting-active cycles (RAC) of fetal heart rates (FHR), in the resting and non-resting phases (RP and NRP), 24-h FHR recordings were made on 16 normal full-term pregnant women. RP, NRP, RAC-1 (NRP-NRP cycle), and RAC-2 (RP-RP cycle) were defined based on the criteria of ...

Remote sensing is particularly helpful for assessing the location and extent of vegetation formations, such as herbaceous wetlands, that are difficult to examine on the ground. Marshes that are sparsely populated with emergent macrophytes and dense cyanobacterial mats have previously been identified as very productive Anopheles albimanus larval habitats. This ...

The Biomechanical Ankle Platform System (BAPS) is widely used in medical rehabilitation; however, the cardiovascular demand and subjective acceptability of the BAPS rehabilitation exercise are presently not documented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern and magnitude of the cardiovascular adjustments and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) ...

The role of cytosolic pH (pHc) in establishment and expression of developmental polarity was examined in zygotes of the brown alga Pelvetia. pHc was measured and manipulated at specific developmental stages during the first zygotic cell cycle. pHc was measured using pH-sensitive microelectrodes and by confocal ratio imaging of dextran-conjugated ...

We evaluated the force-depth compression characteristics of 8 different CPR manikins during mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation by a thumper. The force required to compress the manikin's thorax of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm was measured. It ranged between 6.3 and 14 kp at a depth of 1 cm, 11.6-30 ...

Although the prevalence of serum precipitating antibodies for farmer's lung disease (FLD) is lower in smokers than in nonsmokers and FLD predominates in nonsmokers, the affects of smoking on the clinical course of the disease is not known. We compared the clinical findings and the prognosis between 12 smokers (SM-FLD) ...

Proteinase inhibitory activity in ten different varieties of Dolichos lablab perpureus. L. was determined. All the varieties tested exhibited appreciable level of proteinase inhibitory activity (PIA). The trypsin inhibitory activity (TIA) (Mean: 20170 TIU/g) was relatively higher than the chymotrypsin inhibitory activity (CIA) (Mean: 15380 CIU/g). Effect of temperature and ...

Oxidative metabolism of the cognition activator tacrine (1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine) is thought to be catalyzed by cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2). In this study, the use of tacrine as a specific substrate to measure CYP1A2 activity in vitro was investigated. Tacrine metabolism was assessed in 16 human liver microsomal samples. Initially, the percentage conversion ...

Root thickness in the mesial canals of lower first and second molars was compared before and after flaring by using a muffle system. Gates Glidden burs or M-Series Canal Openers were used with either a straight up-and-down motion or with an anticurvature motion. It was found that Gates Glidden burs ...