PURPOSE: To describe the pharmacokinetics of R- and S-Ifosfamide (IFF), and their respective 2 and 3 N-dechloroethylated (DCE) metabolites (R2-, R3-, S2, S3-DCE-IFF) in cancer patients. METHODS: (R,S)-IFF was administered (1.5 g/m2) daily for 5 days in 13 cancer patients. Plasma and urine samples were collected and analyzed using an ...

We undertook this work to compare the treatment efficacies and the changes of quality of life after pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercise and the functional electrical stimulation (FES)-biofeedback treatment, both of which are being widely used as conservative treatment methods for female urinary incontinence. We randomly selected 60 female incontinence ...

In the first experiment, farmed blue foxes were allowed to choose for 1 week between four standard farm cages equipped with different floor materials: plastic-coated wire mesh, dry wood, dry sand and wet (summer) or icy (winter) sand. Resting consisted of 10-15 separate bouts/day occupying 50-60% of the total 24-h. ...

PURPOSE: A study was performed to evaluate the early morphologic and functional consequences of vaginal delivery on the anal sphincter in primiparous females. METHODS: Among a cohort of 197 primiparous females who agreed to participate in a clinical evaluation of fecal incontinence and in a transanal ultrasound examination 12 weeks ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome 10 years after an individual course of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercises for genuine stress incontinence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Postal questionnaires were sent to 52 women who had undergone PFM training 10 years earlier, and their medical files were reviewed. The main outcome measures were ...

Urinary incontinence can cause social isolation and be a financial and hygienic burden to the individual. Pelvic floor muscle exercises can be effective in maintaining and improving urinary incontinence and associated bladder symptoms following a successful course of biofeedback and electrical stimulation.

This study's purpose was to compare the treatment efficacy and the effects on the patients' quality of life of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercise and the functional electrical stimulation (FES)-biofeedback method. Ninety female incontinence patients were randomly selected and evenly divided into three groups: control, intensive PFM exercise, and ...

We have determined the urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels of five well trained supra-marathon runners during a four-day race. The daily running distances of the four-day race were the following; 93 km, 120 km, 56 km and 59 km, respectively. Pre-race and post-race urine samples were collected on each day and ...

To assess whether allantoin levels in serum and urine are influenced by exhaustive and moderate exercise and whether allantoin is a useful indicator of exercise-induced oxidative stress in humans, we made subjects perform exhaustive and moderate (100% and 40% VO2max) cycling exercise and examined the levels of allantoin, thiobarbituric acid ...

This study was designed 1) to localize and 2) to characterize betaine reabsorption from the tubular lumen in rat kidney in vivo, and 3) to test whether reabsorption is modulated by the diuretic state. [(14)C]betaine (+ [(3)H]inulin) was microperfused through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and microinfused into late proximal ...

BACKGROUND: Faecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. Sphincter exercises and biofeedback therapy have been used to treat the symptoms of people with faecal incontinence. However, standards of treatment are still lacking and the magnitude of alleged benefits has yet to ...

BACKGROUND: Pelvic floor muscle training has long been the most common form of conservative treatment for stress urinary incontinence. Many people have trouble identifying their pelvic floor, and thus difficulty training it. One aid to help with training the pelvic floor in women is weighted vaginal cones. These are inserted ...

PURPOSE: We determined whether biofeedback enhanced pelvic floor exercises begun 6 weeks after radical prostatectomy improve the early recovery of continence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomized 30 patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy into a group that received 5 biofeedback sessions and a control group. RESULTS: Overall 87% of patients ...

The study was a clinical series of 95 ambulatory women with urinary incontinence. After voiding, each subject was scanned with a BladderScan BVI 2500, then catheterized for postvoid residual (PVR) and then scanned again. The mean PVR obtained by ultrasound was 49 ml, significantly larger than the mean PVR of ...

Previous research has demonstrated that pelvic muscles exercises can reduce or eliminate incontinence. Active patient participation is a key component; thus, a person's self-efficacy is important to successful outcomes. This methodologic study resulted in a 23-item scale incorporating ideas from self-efficacy theory. Psychometric analysis of reliability and validity were satisfactory.

The purpose of this study was to monitor ovarian hormone function response to intense exercise and body weight changes in female athletes. Ovarian hormone function was evaluated in 12 female lightweight rowers and 10 age-height-weight matched sedentary controls. Ovarian hormone function was assessed during consecutive competition season and off season, ...

OBJECTIVES: During a screening trial to determine candidacy for sacral nerve stimulation (SNS), several patients were required to repeat the baseline dietary because of discrepancies in the 24-hour urine output before and after successful stimulation. This raised a question regarding the relationship between urine production and neuromodulation. A more complete ...

Nabumetone, a newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which preferentially blocks cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity, may be less nephrotoxic than indomethacin. This study tested whether nabumetone has effects different from those of indomethacin on exercise-induced changes in renal function and the renin-aldosterone system. In a randomized fashion, ten subjects were studied after indomethacin ...

A nine-year-old female beagle with acromegaly and extreme polyuria and polydipsia during dioestrus is described. It was demonstrated that polyuria was related to an inadequate rise of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) levels after water deprivation and stimulation with hypertonic saline. Administration of AVP did not lead to a significant increase in urine ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the adaptation to an increased potassium (K+) intake in horses and to study whether the regulation of the post exercise K+, sodium (Na+) and fluid balances were altered by an increased K+ intake. Four Standardbred horses were fed 2 levels (4.1 and ...

OBJECTIVE: To test, by meta-analysis, the conclusion of a systematic review that biofeedback was no more effective than pelvic floor muscle exercises alone for the treatment of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data extracted from the five trials identified in the systematic review were subjected to pooled ...

Aging is associated with a number of physiological changes that may cause the kidney to rely to a greater extent on vasodilatory PGs for normal functioning. Acute exercise has been shown to cause renal vasoconstriction that may be partially buffered by vasodilatory PGs. To determine the relative importance of renal ...

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the repeatability and validity of 2 x 2 hour creatinine clearance, and the validity of creatinine clearances estimated by equations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 30 patients two 2 x 2 h and two 24-h creatinine clearances were performed on consecutive days. ...

PURPOSE: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) can increase urinary frequency. Even after surgical relief of obstruction, up to 30% of patient are still bothered by irritative voiding symptoms. We tested the hypothesis that deligation of a partial bladder outlet obstruction model mimics this clinical observation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female Wistar rats ...

Red cell galactose 1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) concentrations and urinary galactitol excretion have been suggested as biochemical indices of dietary compliance in classical transferase-deficient galactosaemia. We report our experience of measuring both in 32 patients over 0-10.9 years (median 3.45). A total of 438 blood specimens for Gal-1-P and 383 urine specimens ...

We examined an analytical method for urinary vanilmandelic acid (VMA) by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection from the viewpoint of practical analysis and application. The sample pretreatment in our method is only the dilution of urine samples with citrate buffer. The calibration curve for VMA was linear within the ...

A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence among active duty female soldiers. The questionnaire also addressed basic demographic information, including height, age, weight, and the subjects' present and past military activities. Adaptive measures that the soldiers commonly used to continue exercising and perform their duties ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of pelvic floor exercises, electrical stimulation, vaginal cones, and no treatment for genuine stress incontinence. DESIGN: Stratified, single blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Multicentre. PARTICIPANTS: 107 women with clinically and urodynamically proved genuine stress incontinence. Mean (range) age was 49.5 (24-70) years, and mean (range) ...

Changes in the urinary hydrogen peroxide by exercise or salt load were studied in six healthy male volunteers. Exercise was performed by bicycle ergometer for 30 min at the intensity of 80% of the maximum heart rate predicted by age. Urinary excretion rate of hydrogen peroxide showed a tendency to ...

A 5-year-old male domestic longhair cat was examined because of urine spraying and masturbation. The cat had sprayed urine from the time it was acquired as a stray 4 years earlier. The cat was cryptorchid, and at 1 year of age, the scrotal testicle was removed. The cryptorchid testicle was ...

Exercise, salt restriction, and/or dehydration causes transient reductions in renal function that may be buffered by vasodilatory prostaglandins (PGs). Over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics have the potential to alter renal hemodynamics by inhibiting renal PGs. Therefore, we tested the renal effects of the maximal recommended dose of acetaminophen (Acet, 4 g/day) and ...

Urinary tract dysfunction influenced by the menstrual cycle has been described. This case demonstrates mensturation-influenced fecal incontinence. The patient had difficulty with stool control and rectal hygiene only during the week prior to her period. These symptoms had been present since she had discontinued oral birth control. Progestin levels and ...

We retrospectively identified 37 cases in which urinary incontinence occurred at rest during urodynamic testing in the absence of a coincident detrusor contraction or urethral relaxation. This phenomenon, genuine stress incontinence at rest, was observed during 9.6% of multichannel cystometrograms performed at our institution. The observed urine loss occurred at ...

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors have been reported to increase as well as to decrease microvascular transport of macromolecules in a variety of models. This study was performed to determine whether the influence of NOS inhibition on albumin leakage was dependent on the fluorescent dyes used to label albumin. Albumin ...

OBJECTIVE: This field study was designed to compare the level of styrene absorbed percutaneously with that absorbed by inhalation in a real situation in the fiberglass-reinforced polyester industry. METHODS: The study protocol consisted of comparisons of the patterns of urinary excretion of styrene metabolites by four groups of workers, all ...

The study was a 1-year follow-up of 48 women with obstetric third- /fourth-degree perineal laceration. After primary surgical repair the symptomatic patients were treated with pelvic floor exercises with or without transanal electrical stimulation. Various methods for assessing anal sphincter function were also evaluated. One month postpartum 10 women (21%) ...

The effect of anatomical factors such as lower infundibulopelvic angle (LIPA), lower infundibulum diameter (LID) and inferior calyceal length (ICL) on renal stone formation was investigated. These parameters were measured from noncalculous kidneys of 40 healthy kidney donors. The same parameters from 119 patients with single, unilateral, nonobstructive lower calyceal ...

This study examines the accuracy of a new portable abdominal ultrasound machine (Bladder Scan, BVI 2500) used to measure postvoid urine residual (PVR). Using this machine, we started prospectively measuring residual urine in the first 80 women undergoing uroflowmetry in our urodynamic unit. Ultrasound PVR measurements were done immediately prior ...

Stress urinary incontinence-urine loss that follows a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure-is common in women and can be a major barrier to exercise. It often occurs with a cough or sneeze, routine activities, or exercise and is caused by derangement of the pelvic supportive structures as a result of aging, ...

In the 50 years since pelvic muscle exercises were introduced for the nonsurgical management of pelvic floor dysfunction related to parturition, a variety of approaches have been introduced and the scope of indications has grown. This article describes the evaluation of patients with pelvic floor complaints, discusses additional techniques for ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of ambulatory urodynamic monitoring compared with conventional urodynamic studies for the detection of exercise-induced urinary incontinence in the female soldier. Fifty active duty female soldiers with exercise-induced urinary incontinence and 10 asymptomatic control soldiers underwent conventional multichannel cystometry and then ...

The purpose of the study contained herein was to determine the usefulness of electrical impedance for measurement of bladder volume in spinal cord-injured patients, with an assessment of the relationship between electrical impedance and bladder volume exclusively. The study was performed during urodynamic studies to match the exact bladder volume. ...

Controversy remains about the causative mediators in the bronchoconstrictive response to exercise in asthma. This study examined whether mast cell activation is a feature of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by measuring urinary metabolites of mast cell mediators. Twelve nonsmoking subjects with mild asthma and a history of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction exercised on a ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of lisinopril on the exercise-induced urinary albumin excretion rate. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 26 IDDM patients with normoalbuminuria were randomized into two groups, with one group receiving placebo (n = 13, age 36 +/- 3 years, BMI 24.5 +/- 1.1 kg/m2) and ...

Conductivity is a non-linear function of electrolyte concentration in solutions and could be used as an indirect method. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of urine conductivity measurement, which is a simple, cheap and not time consuming method, in the evaluation of renal functions. Seventy-two patients ...

PURPOSE: We evaluate the early effect of pelvic floor muscle exercise on the frequency of urination, terminal dribbling, urinary incontinence and satisfaction with life in patients after transurethral prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February to October 1996, 50 patients who had undergone transurethral prostatectomy were selected for study. The first ...

PURPOSE: This study evaluates peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY), intestinal transit, fecal retention time, and anal sphincter manometry in colectomized patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. METHODS: Plasma and pouch PYY, mouth-to-pouch transit time, fecal retention time, and anal canal pressures were studied in 27 patients with ileoanal pouches a mean of 50 ...

Recent research on pelvic muscle exercises, which are known to be effective in stress and mixed urinary incontinence, has demonstrated that this therapy has a durable effect. However, the mechanism that creates its efficacy remains unclear. Transvaginal electrical stimulation has been used to manage stress, urge and mixed urinary incontinence. ...

This study was designed to test whether high-salt diet intake has some acute impaired effect to the muscular exercise ability due to the calcium deficit in muscle cell via the accelerated sodium-calcium exchanger. Six healthy young Japanese women (aged: 22.3 +/- 1.9 yr) performed two types of muscle strength tests ...

OBJECTIVE: The role of renal dopamine in the early depressor effect of exercise was evaluated in hypertensives. METHODS: After a general clinical observation period of 4 weeks, 29 essential hypertensives were divided into two groups. The exercise group (n=16) underwent blood lactate threshold exercise using a cycle ergometer for 60 ...