The aim of the study was to verify whether 8 weeks of resistance training employing maximal isokinetic eccentric (IERT) knee extensor actions would reduce the acute force loss observed after high-intensity treadmill running exercise. It was hypothesized that specific IERT would induce protective effects against muscle fatigue and ultrastructural damages, preventing ...

INTRODUCTION: Prolonged and strenuous exercise (PSE) induces transient left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Whereas a consensus exists regarding the decrease in diastolic function, the existence of a decrease in systolic function by a PSE remains controversial, probably due to the transient tachycardia and changes in loading conditions observed upon the completion ...

This multicenter study examines in detail the spontaneous increase in pump flow at fixed speed that occurs in exercise. Eight patients implanted with the VentrAssist rotary blood pump were subjected to maximal and submaximal cycle ergometry studies, the latter being completed with patients supine and monitored with right heart catheter ...

Introduction: Heavy exercise increases ventilation-perfusion mismatch and decreases pulmonary gas exchange efficiency. Previous work using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arterial spin labeling (ASL) in athletes has shown that after 45 min of heavy exercise the spatial heterogeneity of pulmonary blood flow was increased in recovery. We hypothesized that the heterogeneity ...

Targeting interventions to an individual's readiness to modify lifestyle factors, specifically diet and exercise behaviors, may delay chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. This study examined the effects of a targeted Lifestyle Modification Program based on the readiness to change health-promotion lifestyle behaviors, renal protection knowledge, and physical indicators of patients ...

Morphology and functions of the right ventricle (RV) show differences in the athletes based on whether exercising acutely or chronically. Temporary RV dysfunction occurs during acute exercise. However, RV functions during chronic exercise are speculative. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate RV functions of long-distance runners, who perform ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new device (BreatheMAX) that humidifies and oscillates inspired air to increase secretion clearance in mechanically ventilated patients. BACKGROUND: Poor secretion clearance is a serious problem for intubated patients leading to lung complications and delayed weaning. METHODS: Double blinded crossover; fifteen patients, ...

Hereditary renal hypouricaemia (HRH) is a genetic disorder commonly associated with exercise-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). We report the case of a 19-year-old man who was admitted to hospital with exercise-induced AKI and who was subsequently shown to have HRH. We believe this to be the first description of a ...

We tested the data repeatability for popliteal blood flow velocity (PBV), popliteal arterial diameter (AD(pop)), popliteal blood flow (PBF) and lower limb vascular conductance (VC) at rest and exercise in three body positions, two work rates and two inspired oxygen fractions. Fifteen, eleven and ten healthy volunteers participated in the ...

ABSTRACT: A growing body ofresearch has demonstrated the effectiveness of exercise (low intensity resistance training, walking, cycling) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) for increased muscular strength and hypertrophy. Blood flow restriction is achieved via the application of external pressure over the proximal portion of the upper or lower extremities. ...

OBJECTIVES: Exercise is reported to improve function for people with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) but it is not clear if this effect is causal or if patients with milder disease find it easier to exercise. This study examines the effect of exercise and motivation to exercise on function, while controlling for ...

OBJECTIVE: Increased protein intake and resistance exercise can be beneficial for maintenance of lean body mass (LBM) in older adults. However, these factors could also negatively affect renal function. We investigated changes in renal function after a 12-wk resistance exercise program combined with protein supplementation in community dwelling older adults. ...

Changes in vascular conductance (VC) are required to counter changes in muscle perfusion pressure (MPP) to maintain muscle blood flow (MBF) during exercise. We investigated the recruitment of VC as a function of peak VC measured in three body positions at two different work rates to test the hypothesis that ...

Enhancing athletic performance is a great desire among the athletes, coaches and researchers. Mint is one of the most famous natural herbs used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antioxidant, and vasoconstrictor effects. Even though inhaling mint aroma in athletes has been investigated, there were no significant effects on the exercise ...

Previous studies have suggested that exercise improves renal and cardiac functions in patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term aerobic swimming exercise with overload on renal and cardiac function in rats with 5/6 nefrectomy (5/6Nx). Eight Wistar rats were placed ...

Three microfluidics-based laboratory exercises were developed and implemented in a high school science classroom setting. The first exercise demonstrated ways in which flows are characterized, including viscosity, turbulence, shear stress, reversibility, compressibility, and hydrodynamic resistance. Students characterized flows in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices in the other two exercises, where they observed ...

In experimental conditions alveolar fluid clearance is controlled by alveolar β2-adrenergic receptors. We hypothesized that if this occurs in humans, then non-selective β-blockers should reduce the membrane diffusing capacity (DM), an index of lung interstitial fluid homeostasis. Moreover, we wondered whether this effect is potentiated by saline solution infusion, an ...

Although KAATSU training involves low training loads, high perceived exertion and pain scores suggest that potential benefits may be offset by poor adherence or tolerance, particularly if applied in untrained or clinical populations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle adaptations, perceived exertion ratings, perceived sensations, and ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In 2008, a Consensus Statement was published with the aim of optimising physiotherapy management for people with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Australia. The aim of this study was to measure knowledge and acceptance of the Consensus Statement recommendations. METHODS: All physiotherapists providing treatment to people with CF ...

It has been reported that metabolic syndrome (MetS) impairs left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. The objective of this study was to determine whether exercise training can improve LV diastolic function in individuals with MetS. Twenty-eight individuals with MetS (9 males, aged 60 ± 5 years) underwent a 1-year combined endurance ...

Exercise training is known to produce antihypertensive effects in humans and animals with hypertension, and has renal protective effects in animal models of hypertension and chronic renal failure. However, the mechanisms regulating these effects of exercise training remain unclear The present study examined the effects of exercise training on nitric ...

This study hypothesized that arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 3-T would be a reliable noncontrast technique for measuring peak exercise calf muscle blood flow in both healthy volunteers and patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and will discriminate between these groups. Prior work demonstrated the utility ...

Previous studies reported that aerobic-type exercise such as walking or cycling with blood flow restriction (BFR) has been shown to elicit increases in leg muscle hypertrophy and strength, as well as improved aerobic capacity. Although previous studies investigated cardiovascular responses during a relatively short duration of exercise (∼5 min), the ...

OBJECTIVES: Exercise of the leg with external limb compression has been reported to be useful for preventing and reducing leg oedema. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leg gaiters on calf muscle pump activity. METHODS: Continuous measurements of the interface pressure at the leg during ...

It has recently been shown that the acinus can have a reduced efficiency due to a "screening effect" governed by the ratio of oxygen diffusivity to membrane permeability, the gas flow velocity, as well as the size and configuration of the acinus. We present here a top to bottom calculation ...

AIMS: In heart failure, a reduced exercise capacity is the prevailing symptom and an important prognostic marker of future outcome. The purpose of the study was to assess the relation of coronary flow reserve (CFR) to diastolic and systolic function in heart failure and to determine which are the limiting ...

ABSTRACT: Exercise with blood flow restriction promotes significant improvements and has been considered an attractive exercise strategy, especially for older individuals. However, the acute cardiovascular responses to resistance exercise with blood flow restricted (BFR) are not fully known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic responses during ...

BackgroundThere are conflicting data regarding the effects of renal transplantation (RT) on uraemic autonomic dysfunction. Moreover, no study has examined the impact of physical training on the cardiac autonomic function in RT patients. Thus, we studied the effects of exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV) and arterial baroreflex sensitivity ...

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine oxygen consumption rate ([Vdot][Formula: see text]), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) responses, as well as time to exhaustion (T(lim)) values during continuous rides at critical power (CP) determined from the 3-min all-out test. Eighteen participants (mean ± s: ...

People with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease often suffer from multiple related disorders, progressive deconditioning, and loss of functional capacity. Yet increased physical activity has been shown to improve patients' quality of life and nutrition, reduce inflammation and depression, and decrease treatment costs and the need for hospitalization. ...

OBJECTIVES: Two separate studies assessed the psychometric properties of a retrospective behavioral measure adapted for exercise called the Timeline Followback for Exercise (TLFB-E). Study one examined criterion, convergent, and predictive validity. Study two examined test-retest reliability. METHODS: Study one participants (N = 66) were college students 20.0 ± 1.4yr. Validity ...

Dietary nitrate (NO(3)(-)) supplementation, via its reduction to nitrite (NO(2)(-)) and subsequent conversion to nitric oxide (NO), reduces blood pressure and the O(2) cost of submaximal exercise in humans. Despite these observations, the effects of dietary NO(3)(-) supplementation on skeletal muscle vascular control during locomotory exercise remain unknown. We tested ...

With old age there is reduced blood flow during exercise to the high-oxidative red skeletal muscle and elevated flow to the low-oxidative white muscle. Changes in the number of feed arteries perforating the muscle are thought to contribute to this altered hyperemic response during exercise. We tested the hypotheses that ...

ABSTRACT: Ventilatory limitation to exercise remains an important unresolved clinical issue; as a result, many individuals misinterpret the effects of expiratory flow limitation as an all-or-nothing phenomenon. Expiratory flow limitation is not all-or-none; approaching maximal expiratory flow can have important effects not only on ventilatory capacity but also on breathing ...

We sought to determine if blood flow restriction (BFR) by itself or in combination with exercise would result in prolonged decrements in torque when using restriction pressures relative to the participants' limb size. Sixteen participants were randomized into Experiment A (n = 9) or Experiment B (n = 7). Experiment A participants performed unilateral ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of blood flow restriction or normobaric hypoxic exposure combined with low-load resistant exercise (LRE), on muscular strength and endurance. DESIGN: A randomised controlled trial. METHODS: Well-trained netball players (n=30) took part in a 5 weeks training of knee flexor and extensor muscles in which LRE ...

Abstract Objectives: Yoga is a popular form of exercise in the Western world, and yoga's effects on pulmonary function have been investigated previously. The purpose of this article is to review this research systematically and determine if regular yoga training improves pulmonary function in apparently healthy individuals. Methods: Using the ...

Maximal strength training (MST) reduces pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO(2)) at a given submaximal exercise work rate (i.e. efficiency). However, whether the increase in efficiency originates in the trained skeletal muscle, and therefore the impact of this adaptation on muscle blood flow and arterial-venous oxygen difference (a-vO(2diff)), is unknown. Thus, five ...

Previous thoracic artificial lungs (TALs) had blood flow impedance greater than that of the natural lungs, which could cause abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics. New compliant TALs (cTALs), however, have an impedance lower than that of the natural lung. In this study, a cTAL of new design was attached between the pulmonary ...

We studied the cardioprotective effect of resistance training against ischaemia-reperfusion-induced injury. Forty male rats were divided into trained and sedentary groups (n = 20 for each). The trained rats were exercised at 12 repetitions/set, four sets/day and five days/week for four weeks. Transient regional ischaemia of the left anterior descending ...

Examining participant-perceived change in walking provides insight into whether changes were meaningful for participants. This study examined the relationships between change scores in standardized walking outcomes and ratings of perceived change following exercise poststroke. Self- and fast-paced gait speed and Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance were assessed in 22 participants ...

Two methods for estimating changes in microvascular O(2) delivery during the on-transient of exercise were evaluated. They were tested to assess the role of the adjustment of the estimated microvascular O(2) delivery in the speeding of VO(2) kinetics during a Mod1-Hvy-Mod2 protocol (Mod, moderate-intensity exercise; Hvy, heavy-intensity 'priming' exercise) in ...

To determine the effects of light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) irradiation on blood lactate concentration ([La]) clearance, peak power output and fatigue index (FI) following high intensity fatiguing exercise. Single-blinded randomised cross-over placebo controlled trial. University College Dublin, Institute for Sport and Health, Human performance laboratory. Eighteen healthy male athletes ...

We constructed and validated a measure of comparison dimensions associated with eating pathology, namely, the Body, Eating, and Exercise Comparison Orientation Measure (BEECOM). Participants were 441 undergraduate women. In Study 1, items were generated and refined via exploratory factor analysis, yielding three interpretable factors (i.e., Body, Eating, and Exercise Comparison ...

PURPOSE: To examine the reliability and validity of the steep ramp test (SRT), a feasible, maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer which does not require the use of respiratory gas analysis, in healthy children and adolescents. Methods: Seventy-five children were randomly divided in a reliability group (n=37, 17 boys; ...

Abstract In this study, we examined the validity of a novel subjective scale for assessing resistance-exercise effort. Seventeen male bodybuilders performed five sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of one-repetition maximum, for the bench press and squat. At the completion of each set, participants quantified their effort via the rating ...

Exercise addiction is characterized by excessive exercise behavior with potential negative consequences. The symptoms consist of salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, conflicts, and relapse. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the exercise addiction inventory (EAI) and to estimate the prevalence of exercise addiction ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of session-RPE (sRPE) for monitoring training intensity in rugby league. METHODS: Thirty-two professional rugby league players participated in this study. Training load (TL) data was collected during an entire season, assessed via microtechnology (heart rate (HR) monitors, global positioning ...

An observational study was performed as a preliminary investigation into the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) for recording cerebral hemodynamic changes during multiple tasks. TCD is a method of measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) using ultrasound transducers in contact with the surface of the head. Using the maximum flow ...

PURPOSE: This study examined parameters derived from both an incremental step-wise and ramp-wise graded rowing exercise test in relation to rowing performance. METHODS: Discontinuous step-wise incremental rowing to exhaustion established lactate threshold (LT), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2maxSTEP) and power associated with VO2max (W VO2max). A further continuous ramp-wise test was ...