ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The motivation of patients during robot-assisted rehabilitation after neurological disorders that lead to impairments of motor functions is of great importance. Due to the increasing number of patients, increasing medical costs and limited therapeutic resources, clinicians in the future may want patients to practice their movements at home ...

Row, BS, Knutzen, KM, and Skogsberg, NJ. Regulating explosive resistance training intensity using the rating of perceived exertion. J Strength Cond Res 26(3): 664-671, 2012-Explosive resistance training (ERT) improves older adults' strength and power, and methods to make this form of training more accessible and useful to older adults are ...

Johnston, RJ, Watsford, ML, Pine, MJ, Spurrs, RW, Murphy, AJ, and Pruyn, EC. The validity and reliability of 5-Hz global positioning system units to measure team sport movement demands. J Strength Cond Res 26(3): 758-765, 2012-The purpose of this research was to investigate the validity and the reliability of 5-Hz ...

Li X, Forman DE, Kiely DK, LaRose S, Hirschberg R, Frontera WR, Bean JF. Validity of an exercise test based on habitual gait speed in mobility-limited older adults. To evaluate whether a customized exercise tolerance testing (ETT) protocol based on an individual's habitual gait speed (HGS) on level ground would ...

Limited validation research exists for applications of breath-by-breath systems of expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry (EGAIC) during exercise. We developed improved hardware and software for breath-by-breath indirect calorimetry (NEW) and validated this system as well as a commercial system (COM) against 2 methods: (i) mechanical ventilation with known calibration gas, and ...

Andre, MJ, Fry, AC, Heyrman, MA, Hudy, A, Holt, B, Roberts, C, Vardiman, JP, and Gallagher, PM. A reliable method for assessing rotational power. J Strength Cond Res 26(X): 000-000, 2012-Rotational core training is said to be beneficial for rotational power athletes. Currently, there has been no method proposed for ...

BACKGROUND: Early passive motion exercise has been the standard rehabilitation protocol after rotator cuff repair for preventing postoperative stiffness. However, recent approaches show that longer immobilization may enhance tendon healing and quality. PURPOSE: To elucidate whether early passive motion exercise affects functional outcome and tendon healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff ...

The validity of predicting peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) in sedentary participants from a perceptually regulated exercise test (PRET) is limited to two cycle ergometry studies. We assessed the validity of a treadmill-based PRET. Active (n = 49; 40.7 ± 13.8 years) and sedentary (n = 26; 33.4 ± 13.2 y) participants completed two PRETS (PRET 1 and ...

Moreira, A, McGuigan, MR, Arruda, AFS, Freitas, CG, and Aoki, MS. Monitoring internal load parameters during simulated and official basketball matches. J Strength Cond Res 26(X): 000-000, 2012-The purpose of this study was to compare the internal load responses (session rating of perceived exertion [RPE] and salivary cortisol) between simulated ...

BACKGROUND: PaCO₂ as measured during exercise in COPD patients is poorly predicted (PaCO₂pred) from lung function testing and some noninvasive measurements such as end-tidal PCO₂s (PETCO₂). OBJECTIVE: We performed a number of statistical techniques on PETCO₂ and its interaction with other physiologic variables during exercise testing in order to improve ...

The present three single-case studies assessed the effectiveness of technology-based programs to help three persons with multiple disabilities exercise adaptive response schemes independently. The response schemes included (a) left and right head movements for a man who kept his head increasingly static on his wheelchair's headrest (Study I), (b) left- ...

We investigated whether the elevated muscle temperature induced by the first bout influenced the [Formula: see text] response during a second-bout of heavy exercise. The control conditions were two consecutive 6-min leg cycling bouts (work rate: Δ50% between LT and [Formula: see text]max) separated by a 6-min baseline at 20 ...

The modulation of sub-maximal voluntary exercise intensity during heat stress has been suggested as a behavioral response to maintain homeostasis; however, the relationship between thermophysiological cues and the associated response remains unclear. Awareness of an environmental manipulation may influence anticipatory planning before the start of exercise, making it difficult to ...

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM) are chronic multisymptom illnesses with substantial clinical and diagnostic overlap. We have previously shown that when controlling for aerobic fitness and accounting for comorbid FM, CFS patients do not exhibit abnormal cardiorespiratory responses during maximal aerobic exercise compared to healthy controls, despite differences ...

We assessed the acute impact of physical exercise on the retinal vessel diameter and the regulation of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation owing to flicker that has never been examined before. Forty young (mean age 24 years) healthy subjects (26 women and 14 men) had retinal examinations with dynamic vessel analysis prior and ...

Theoretical considerations suggest that the mammalian metabolic rate is linearly proportional to the surface areas of mitochondria, capillary, and alveolar membranes. However, the scaling exponents of these surface areas to the mammals' body mass (approximately 0.9-1) are higher than exponents of the resting metabolic rate (RMR) to body mass (approximately ...

A variety of research has linked high temperature to outdoor thermal comfort in summer, but it remains unclear how outdoor meteorological environments influence people's thermal sensation in subtropical monsoon climate areas, especially in China. In order to explain the process, and to better understand the related influential factors, we conducted ...

We report 2 boys, 11 and 7 years old, whose Tourette's disorder improved significantly after a period of repeated, sustained practice of activities requiring reflexive responses One boy engaged in physical exercise including hand-eye co-ordination (table tennis for 6 hours every weekday) and the other learned foreign languages (5 languages ...

Exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease, although the mechanisms remain unknown. The purpose was to examine the association between systemic markers of vascular inflammation and exercise blood pressure (BP) responses. Participants were 191 healthy men and women (aged 45-59 years). Blood pressure was ...

It remains unclear whether immune response to viral infection is inhibited by severe exercise. We determined whether exhaustive exercise inhibits interferon (IFN)-β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production after injection of synthetic double-stranded (ds) RNAs, a polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C), as viral infection model. Male C3H/HeN mice, which were ...

Some of the benefits of exercise appear to be mediated through modulation of neuronal excitability in central autonomic control circuits. Previously, we identified that six weeks of voluntary wheel running had a protective effect during hemorrhage (HEM), limiting both the hypotensive phase of HEM and enhancing recovery. The present study ...

NK-cells and γδ T-cells are cytotoxic effectors of the immune system that are preferentially mobilized into the blood compartment in response to acute stress and exercise. While infection history is known to alter the phenotype and exercise-responsiveness of CD8+ T-cells, the influence of latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) ...

Cyclooxygenase metabolites stimulate or sensitize group III and IV muscle afferents, which comprise the sensory arm of the exercise pressor reflex. The thromboxane (TP) receptor binds several of these metabolites, whose concentrations in the muscle interstitium are increased by exercise under freely perfused conditions and even more so under ischemic ...

Adolescence provides a significant opportunity to influence attitudes toward activity. It has been proposed that affective responses are the first link in the hypothesized exercise intensity-affect-adherence chain. The aim of this study was to explore young low-active adolescents' affective responses to different exercise intensities using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Participants ...

Abnormal cardiovascular responses to exercise in heart failure contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality in the patient population. These abnormal responses may be the result of peripheral impairment in the skeletal muscle and the neurons that innervate the muscle. We present the current literature on the role of muscle ...

Background: Chronic reductions in tissue O(2) tension (hypoxia) are associated with muscle atrophy and blunted hypertrophic responses to resistance-exercise (RE) training. However, the effect of hypoxia on muscle protein synthesis (MPS) at rest and after RE is unknown. Methods: In a crossover study, seven healthy men (21.4±0.7 y) performed unilateral ...

Regular exercise is effective in the prevention of chronic diseases and confers a lower risk of death in individuals displaying risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. Thus, knowledge of the molecular responses to exercise provides a valuable contrast for interpreting investigations of disease and can highlight novel therapeutic targets. ...

We compared cardiorespiratory responses to exercise on an underwater treadmill (UTM) and land treadmill (LTM) and derived an equation to estimate oxygen consumption (VO2) during UTM exercise. Fifty-five men and women completed one LTM and five UTM exercise sessions on separate days. The UTM sessions consisted of chest-deep immersion, with ...

The distinguishing features of active exoskeletons are the capability of guiding arm movement at the level of the full kinematic chain of the human arm, and training full 3D spatial movements. We have specifically developed a PD sliding mode control for upper limb rehabilitation with gain scheduling for providing "assistance ...

Thermotolerance and heat acclimation are key adaptation processes that have been hitherto viewed as separate phenomena. Here we show these processes share a common basis, as both are governed by the heat shock response. We evaluated the effects of a heat shock response-inhibitor (QUERCETIN;2000mg/d) on established markers of thermotolerance[gastrointestinal barrier ...

Does exercise promote weight loss? One of the key problems with studies assessing the efficacy of exercise as a method of weight management and obesityis that mean data are presented and the individual variability in response is overlooked. Recent data have highlighted the need to demonstrate and characterise the individual ...

Moreira, A, Arsati, F, de Oliveira Lima-Arsati, YB, de Freitas, CG, and de Araújo, VC. Salivary immunoglobulin a responses in professional top-level futsal players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2011-The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in 10 professional top-level Brazilian ...

zannini l., cattaneo c., brugnolli a. & saiani l. (2011) How do healthcare professionals perceive themselves after a mentoring programme? A qualitative study based on the reflective exercise of 'writing a letter to yourself'. Journal of Advanced Nursing. ABSTRACT: Aims.  This article is a report of a study of participants' responses ...

BACKGROUND: Current literature lacks solid evidence on the improvement of heart rate variability (HRV) after exercise training in patients with COPD. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate changes in HRV after two exercise training programs in patients with COPD and to investigate the determinants of these eventual changes. METHODS: Forty patients ...

A meta-analysis including 32 randomised controlled trials on the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients was performed. Overall and subgroup analyses with respect to training modality (strength or endurance training, added to general exercise training) and patient characteristics were performed. Significant improvements were ...

Reasons for performing study: Providing protein or amino acid mixtures in combination with glucose to post exercise in man has resulted in increases in the post feeding insulin response and in muscle glycogen and protein synthesis rates. However, whether protein and/or amino acids can modify the post exercise insulin responses ...

INTRODUCTION: It has been noticed many times that schools are buildings with high levels of particulate matter concentrations. Several authors documented that concentrations of particulate matter in indoor school microenvironments exceed limits recommended by WHO namely when school buildings are situated near major roads with high traffic densities. In addition, ...

We sought to determine whether VEGF and other angiogenic growth factors and their receptors might be subject to negative feedback regulation during two weeks of treadmill-exercise conditioning in inbred strains of mice. C57BL/6 mice exhibited greater VEGF mRNA and protein responses in gastrocnemius muscle to a single bout of treadmill ...

Electronic control devices (ECD) have become popular in law enforcement because they have filled a gap left by other law enforcement devices, tactics, or tools and have been shown to reduce officer and suspect injuries. Civilians are using the same technology for defensive purposes. TASER C2 is the latest generation ...

At some level, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) due to inhalation of carbon monoxide (CO) reduces maximum exercise duration in both normal and ischemic heart patients. At high COHb levels in normal subjects, brain function is also affected and behavioral performance is impaired.These are findings from published experiments that are, due to ethical ...

BACKGROUND: Elite swimmers have high rates of rhinoconjunctivitis and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Moreover, exposure to chlorine and chlorine metabolites is known to induce bronchial hyper-reactivity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the early and late effects of chlorine and exercise on the unified airway of elite swimmers, and to compare the response to mannitol ...

Traffic emissions including diesel engine exhaust are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function after inhalation of exhaust generated by a diesel engine under idling conditions. To assess the vascular and fibrinolytic effects of exposure to diesel exhaust generated ...

Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated adverse health effects of a sedentary life style, on the one hand, and of acute and chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution, on the other. Because physical exercise augments the amount of inhaled pollutants, it is not clear whether cycling to work in a polluted ...

The widespread use of portable listening devices (PLDs) has increased concern about the potential for hearing impairment caused by their use. The current study investigated the effects of external noise and exercise on the use of PLDs. The 24 participants listened to the same song on an iPod during rest-in-quiet, ...

Clinically significant myocardial abnormalities (e.g., arrhythmias, S-T elevation) occur in patients with mild-to-severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. We enhanced our previous whole body model [Bruce, E. N., M. C. Bruce, and K. Erupaka. Prediction of the rate of uptake of carbon monoxide from blood by extravascular tissues. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. ...

This study evaluated the impact of different work load intensities on biological indicators of styrene exposure. Four adult Caucasian men, aged 20 to 44 years, were recruited. Groups of 2-4 volunteers were exposed to 20 ppm of styrene in an exposure chamber according to scenarios involving either aerobic, muscular, or ...

OBJECTIVES: Incidents of sudden death following TASER exposure are poorly studied, and substantive links between TASER exposure and sudden death are minimal. The authors studied the effects of a single TASER exposure on markers of physiologic stress in humans. METHODS: This prospective, controlled study evaluated the effects of a TASER ...

Shelter-in-place strategies such as remaining indoors; breathing through a damp cloth; sealing cracks in windows and doors using towels, duct tape, or plastic sheeting; and running a shower are often recommended by emergency response officials to protect against accidental or intentional release of hazardous airborne chemicals and biologicals. Similar recommendations ...

BACKGROUND: There is ample epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution [aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm (PM(2.5))], which derives primarily from combustion processes, can result in increased mortality and morbidity. There is less certainty as to the contribution of coarse PM (PM(2.5-10)), ...

Topically applied formulations (e.g., emollients and moisturizers) may influence the optical physics of skin and therefore the effectiveness of UVR exposures. In this issue, Lu et al. provide evidence for another type of influence by moisturizers, one that does not require the presence of the chemical agent before or during ...