Recent research involving human and animals has shown that aerobic exercise of moderate intensity produces the greatest benefit on brain health and behavior. In this study we investigated the effects on cognitive function and anxiety-related behavior in rats at different ages of aerobic exercise, performed regularly throughout life. We designed ...

To investigate the possible influence of psychological variables on cardiorespiratory responses and perceived exertion of patients with Panic Disorder (PD) during a submaximal exercise test. Ten outpatients with PD and 10 matched healthy subjects walked up on a treadmill slope at a speed of 4 km/h in order to reach ...

Exercise reduces the likelihood of psychological distress, but this may be due to incidental socializing. We gathered information on exercise, social support and three aspects of psychological distress from 583 community-dwelling older adults. Exercise and social support from friends were both associated with lower scores of depression, anxiety and perceived ...

Physical exercise protocols have varied widely across studies raising the question of whether there is an optimal intensity, duration and frequency that would produce maximal benefits in attenuating symptoms related to anxiety disorders. Although physical exercise causes modifications in neurotransmission systems, the involvement of neuromodulators such as adenosine has not ...

Maternal deprivation (MD) may cause neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorder by negatively affecting the cognitive functions and behavior in pups. The aim of this study is to investigate whether maternal exercise during pregnancy has beneficial effects on anxiety that increases with MD, and on the levels of VEGF and ...

BACKGROUND. The present study was undertaken to examine the associations between self-determination, exercise habit, anxiety, depression, stress and academic achievement among adolescents aged 13 and 14 years in eastern Malaysia. METHODS. The sample consisted of 750 secondary school students (Mean age = 13.4 years, SD = 0.49). Participants completed self-report ...

Background: Acute exercise has shown to reduce the effects of experimental panic provocation in healthy volunteers and in patients with panic disorder. Recent evidence suggests that when larger amounts of CO(2) are inhaled, a large proportion of healthy subjects can also develop an affective response consistent with definitions of a ...

The heterogeneous, chronic, and proliferating aspect of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbidities covers heritability, cognitive, emotional, motor, and everyday behavioral domains that place individuals presenting the condition at some considerable disadvantage. Disruption of "typical developmental trajectories" in the manifestation of gene-environment interactive predispositions implies that ADHD children and ...

Withdrawal from chronic opiates is associated with an increase in anxiogenic-like behaviours, but the anxiety profile in the morphine-dependent animals is not clear. Thus, one of the aims of the present study was to examine whether morphine-dependent rats would increase the expression of anxiogenic-like behaviours in novel and stressful conditions. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The physical well being of people with mental health conditions can often be overlooked in order to treat the primary mental health condition as a priority. Exercise however, can potentially improve both the primary psychiatric condition as well as physical measures that indicate risk of other conditions such ...

The quality of dyadic adjustment is likely to play an important role in patients' relational problems and may also be associated with the clinical presentation of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) symptoms. The objective of this study was (1) to determine whether CFS patients and their partners have similar perceptions of ...

Abstract Objectives. We investigated the effects of voluntary wheel running as model for intervention on the development of contextual fear and hyperarousal in a mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical exercise in general has been associated with improved hippocampus-dependent memory performance both in animals and humans. However, studies ...

Anxiety sensitivity (AS; fear of arousal sensations) is a risk factor for mental and physical health problems, including physical inactivity. Because of the many mental and physical health benefits of exercise, it is important to better understand why high-AS individuals may be less likely to exercise. The present study's aim ...

Fatigue and physical deconditioning are common, difficult to treat conditions among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based exercise program using the Wii Fit system in patients with SLE. Fifteen sedentary African American women with SLE experiencing ...

Lim J-Y, Jang S-N, Park W-B, Oh MK, Kang EK, Paik N-J. Association between exercise and fear of falling in community-dwelling elderly Koreans: results of a cross-sectional public opinion survey. To investigate the association between habitual exercise and fear of falling in an older Korean population. Cross-sectional study conducted in ...

The aim of the study was to assess performance on a visual threat-detection task during concurrently performed vigorous exercise on a cycle ergometer. Thirty (15 female) participants completed a baseline condition of seated rest and then moderate- and high-intensity exercise. Moderate- and high-intensity exercise conditions were completed on the 2nd ...

Our previous work suggests that pharmacological induction of oxidative stress causes anxiety-like behavior in rats. Interestingly, sleep deprivation is reported to cause oxidative damage in the brain and is also reported to be anxiogenic. Minimal mechanistic insights are available. In this study, using a behavioral and biochemical approach, we investigated ...

Yoga is increasing in popularity, with an estimated 15 million practitioners in the United States, yet there is a dearth of empirical data addressing the holistic benefits of yoga. To compare the physical and mental benefits of an exercise-based yoga practice to that of a more comprehensive yoga practice (one ...

Background:Many obese individuals lose weight to reduce weight stigma; however, little is known about whether other people's attitudes actually improve towards obese individuals after they have lost weight, and whether changes in attitudes depend on the method of weight loss. This study examined changes in people's perceptions of an obese ...

Excess weight gain during pregnancy and post-partum weight retention are risk factors for obesity. While many studies report average weight retained from pregnancy is only 0·5-3·0 kg; between 14 and 20% of women are 5 kg heavier at 6-18 months post-partum than they were before pregnancy. Among normal-weight women, lactation ...

: Although the acute physiological responses to continuous exercise have been well documented in CHD patients, no previous study has examined the responses to high-intensity intermittent exercise in these patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological responses to a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) protocol versus a ...

Background: Since physical exercise programs have the potential to help cancer patients regain physical fitness and may exert a range of positive consequences for recovery and psychological well-being, the impact of a physical exercise program was investigated in this prospective study. Patients and Methods: Women with primary nonmetastatic breast cancer ...

Voluntary physical activities are known to modulate anxiety and depressive/like behaviors in both animals and humans. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), has been reported to be elevated following exercise. BDNF, as well as type 2 corticotrophin releasing factor receptor (CRFR) 2, has been shown to mediate anxiety-like behavior. In the ...

To investigate whether a structured long-term exercise training programme in patients with coronary artery disease affects baroreflex function and cardiorespiratory efficiency. Twenty-five elderly male patients with coronary artery disease. The patients were randomized into exercise (group A) or control group (group B). Group A followed a seven-month supervised exercise programme, ...

Evidence demonstrating the potential value of noninvasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to accurately detect exercise-induced myocardial ischemia is emerging. This case-based concept report describes CPET abnormalities in an asymptomatic at-risk man with suspected early-stage ischemic heart disease. When CPET was repeated 1 year after baseline assessment, his cardiovascular function had ...

To investigate the relationship between exercise-provoked esophageal motility disorders and the prognosis for patients with chest pain. The study involved 63 subjects with recurrent angina-like chest pain non-responsive to empirical therapy with proton pump inhibitor (PPI). In all, a coronary artery angiography, panendoscopy, 24-h esophageal pH-metry and manometry, as well ...

We conducted a three-arm, parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial to compare the effects of rosiglitazone and physical exercise on endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance over a 6-month period. Group A received rosiglitazone tablets 8 mg daily (n = 16), group ...

Elderly patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease are often referred for pharmacological stress testing. Data on the value of exercise echocardiography (ExEcho) for predicting outcome (particularly all-cause mortality) in these patients are scarce. Peak treadmill ExEcho was performed in 2159 patients ≥ 70 years of age with known ...

This study investigated the importance of environmental influences in explaining weight gain and related behaviors among freshman college students. We exploited a natural experiment that takes place on most college campuses in the United States--randomized dormitory assignments. We estimated the effects of living in dormitories with varying physical environment characteristics ...

The instantaneous response of the collateral circulation to isometric physical exercise in patients with non-occlusive coronary artery disease (CAD) is not known. Thirty patients (age 59 +/- 9 years) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention because of stable CAD were included in the study. Collateral function was determined before and during the ...

BACKGROUND: Experts have called for the inclusion of values clarification (VC) exercises in decision aids (DAs) as a means of improving their effectiveness, but little research has examined the effects of such exercises. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adding a VC exercise to a DA on heart disease prevention improves decision-making ...

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is under-utilized in assessing patients with prominent complaints of dyspnea or exercise limitation and should be one of the early tests used to assess exercise intolerance. The standard 12-lead ECG treadmill stress test focuses on coronary artery disease and is inadequate to assess the various subsystems ...

BACKGROUND: Early exercise after coronary stenting is considered to have a risk of stent thrombosis (ST). We investigate the safety of submaximal exercise training based on the Borg scale from the next day after coronary stenting. METHODS: We enrolled 2351 patients who underwent successful coronary stenting. They were divided into ...

BACKGROUND: The incorporation of right-sided chest leads (V(3)R through V(5)R) into standard exercise testing has been reported to improve its diagnostic utility. HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate any improvement in the ability of exercise testing in detecting restenosis, using additional V(3)R through V(5)R leads, in asymptomatic ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise on coronary blood flow and macrovascular atherosclerosis in response to stent deployment. Male Yucatan swine were placed on a control diet (C); on a high-fat/cholesterol diet (hypercholesterolemic; H); or on a high-fat/cholesterol diet and aerobically exercise trained (HX) ...

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in developed nations, and there is a clear link between cardiovascular disease and physical inactivity. This article describes the benefits of exercise for cardiac patients, details how exercise is prescribed in this group, and considers safety and contraindications to exercise in this ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether exercise volume during phase II rehabilitation affects long-term clinical benefits in patients with coronary artery disease. DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial with long-term follow-up. SETTING: Hospital outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS: Coronary artery disease patients (age 65 +/- 9 years, 82% males) attending a phase II rehabilitation programme ...

Oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope) are widely used as submaximal measurements of cardiopulmonary exercise testing as the evaluator or prognosticator of cardiac diseases. However, very few studies have compared the effects of submaximal exercise on these measurements. A total of 58 patients with coronary artery ...

Elevated ankle blood pressure (ABP) may be one of the earliest signs of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, its behavior in different degrees of atherosclerotic vascular damage has not been well characterized. We examined the association of ABP and brachial exercise blood pressure with the incidence of future coronary events. A cohort ...

we used magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and ultrasonography in combination with a dynamometer to assess physiological and functional aspects of the skeletal muscles after strenuous exercise that included eccentric contraction. seven male subjects (mean age, 21.7 years) performed ankle plantar flexion that included eccentric contraction and underwent diffusion-weighted MR imaging ...

This investigation was designed to examine the hypothesis that impaired function of coronary microvascular large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels in metabolic syndrome (MetS) significantly attenuates the balance between myocardial oxygen delivery and metabolism at rest and during exercise-induced increases in myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo(2)). Studies were conducted in conscious, chronically ...

Coronary blood flow (CBF) is reduced and transiently reversed during systole via cardiac contraction. Cardiac contractility, coronary tone, and arterial pressure each influence systolic CBF (CBF(SYS)), particularly by modulating the retrograde component of CBF(SYS). The effect of concurrent changes in these factors on CBF(SYS) during dynamic exercise has not been ...

OBJECTIVES: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the main limitation of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), occurring in approximately 25% of cases. Although frequently asymptomatic, many PCI patients present with recurrent symptoms of chest pain at follow-up raising a clinical suspicion of ISR. The diagnosis of ISR can be challenging in these patients ...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that exercise increases platelet reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the response of platelet reactivity to exercise is considerably variable and its predictors are poorly known. METHODS: We studied 214 consecutive patients (age 61.9 +/- 9 years, 167 men) with stable angina ...

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis of differences in performance including differences in ST-T wave changes between healthy men and women submitted to an exercise stress test. Two hundred (45.4%) men and 241 (54.6%) women (mean age: 38.7 +/- 11.0 years) were submitted to an exercise ...

BACKGROUND: Some stable angina patients with significant coronary function have low exercise capacity, whereas some have high exercise capacity. The aim of the present study was to determine whether coronary pressure-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRmyo), a functional index of coronary stenosis, is a better indicator of exercise capacity than angiographic ...

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer from accelerated coronary artery disease. We assessed the effects of a multifactorial intervention with focus on exercise training on coronary endothelial function, vascular structure, and inflammation in serum and skeletal muscle biopsies, including mRNA expression of diabetes candidate genes. Twenty-three patients were ...

BACKGROUND: The choice of noninvasive tests used in primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases must be based on medical evidence. The aim of this study was to assess the additional prognostic value, over conventional risk factors, of physical examination, exercise testing, and arterial ultrasonography, in predicting a first coronary event. METHODS: ...

Habitual exercise training, including a high-intensity interval walking programme, improves cardiorespiratory fitness and alleviates lifestyle-related diseases, such as obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. However, the extent of improvement has been shown to differ substantially among individuals for various exercise regimens. A body of literature has demonstrated that gene polymorphisms could account ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The present study, using a decision analysis, evaluates whether an exercise tolerance test (ETT) is indicated before initiating regular physical activity to reduce the risk of sudden death during exercise training. DESIGN: The study encompasses a decision tree, Monte Carlo simulation, and utility analysis for adults at ...