Tendinopathy is a common and costly diagnosis in workers with Activity-related Soft Tissue Disorder (ASTD), and in recreational and professional athletes. The associated pain results in reduced physical activity, reduced productivity, missed work days, and substantial costs to the government. Workers whose tendons are exposed to prolonged repetitive activity (eg, ...

Objective: African Americans have the highest rates of obesity in the United States. Engaging in recommended levels of physical activity (PA) reduces risk for obesity. Social and environmental supports for PA may be important to increase PA. This study hypothesized that PA would mediate the effects of neighborhood and social ...

PURPOSE: Apparent organic abnormalities are sometimes not identified among patients suffering from chronic pain in the craniocervical region. In some cases, parafunctional activities (PAs) are recognized. PAs are nonfunctional oromandibular activities that include jaw clenching and bruxism, but are considered as factors that contribute to craniomandibular disorders (CMDs). It is ...

INTRODUCTION: A paradox seems to exist: exercising leads to clotting activation in conventional clotting tests, but exercising persons have a low risk of thrombosis. In this study we tried to evaluate the effect of exercise performance status on in vitro plasma thrombin generation, which represents an overall function test of ...

Obesity is associated with increased prevalence of thromboembolic events. We aimed to investigate whether obese women might benefit from vigorous aerobic exercise. Forty-two overweight and obese women performed a 30 min walking exercise test (treadmill ergometer) at an intensity of 70 % of individual peak VO2. Blood samples were collected ...

RATIONALE: Information about daily physical activity levels (PAL) in subjects with undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is scarce. This study aims to assess PA and to investigate the associations between PA and clinical characteristics in subjects with newly diagnosed COPD. METHODS: Fifty-nine subjects with a new spirometry-based diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND: A sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and thrombotic complications. While habitual endurance activity will reduce the risk of these adverse events, the influence of habitual resistance exercise is less clear. This study examined coagulation and fibrinolytic responses to an acute exhaustive resistance exercise test (AERET) ...

STUDY DESIGN: Within subject, repeated measures design. OBJECTIVES: To determine the influence of pelvic position and hip angle on activation of the hip abductors while performing the clam exercise. BACKGROUND: Therapeutic exercises are regularly employed to strengthen the hip abductors to improve lower limb and pelvic stability. Previous studies primarily ...

The purpose of this study was to examine whether physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior were related to weight status in Korean adolescents. A total of 72,399 students in Grades 7-12 participated in the 5th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2009. Body mass index, PA, and ...

Physical activity (PA) for older adults has well-documented physical and cognitive benefits, but most seniors do not meet recommended guidelines for PA, and interventions are lacking. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 12-week Internet intervention to help sedentary older adults over 55 years of age adopt and maintain an ...

To describe the physical activity (PA) levels and counseling attitudes of Canadian undergraduate medical students. Online or paper survey. The University of British Columbia (UBC). Fourth-year medical students at UBC from 2007 to 2010. Physical activity levels, relationship between exercise behaviour and attitudes toward counseling, and student perception of training ...

Acute and regular exercise as well as physical activity (PA) is related to well-being and positive affect. Recent studies have shown that even daily, unstructured physical activities increase positive affect. However, the attempt to achieve adherence to PA or exercise in inactive people through public health interventions has often been ...

Over the last two decades, significant research attention has been given to the acute effect of a single bout of exercise on postprandial lipaemia. A large body of evidence supports the notion that an acute bout of aerobic exercise can reduce postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations. However, this effect is short-lived ...

This qualitative study investigated individual and situational factors influencing physical activity (PA) practices of elders in residential-care/assisted-living (RC/AL) communities. This article describes the results of focus-group interviews involving 47 residents across 6 RC/AL settings. Thematic analysis revealed 6 themes: staying active, past PA experiences, value of PA, barriers to PA, ...

Although physical exercise acutely increases the most widely used inflammatory biomarkers, there is no information on its effect on soluble urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (suPAR), a circulating biomarker increasingly used for the assessment of systemic inflammation. suPAR was assessed with the quantitative suPARnostic Standard ELISA Assay (Virogates, Birkerød, Denmark) in ...

We examined the acute effect of physical exercise on prefrontal cortex activity in older adults using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Fourteen older adults visited our laboratory twice: once for exercise and once for the control condition. On each visit, subjects performed working memory tasks before and after moderate intensity exercise ...

BACKGROUND: This study examines the relationships between physical activity, travel attitudes, commute mode choice, and perceived neighborhood characteristics. A recent study found that people who walk or bike during their commute exercise more outside of the commute than do people who commute by mass transit or car. The present study ...

BACKGROUND: Precise measurement of physical activity (PA) is required to identify current levels and changes in PA within a population, and to gauge effectiveness of interventions. METHODS: The Online Self-reported Walking and Exercise Questionnaire (OSWEQ) was developed for monitoring PA via the Web. Forty-nine participants (mean±SD; age = 27±11.9yrs) completed ...

OBJECTIVE Behavioral interventions targeting "free-living" physical activity (PA) and exercise that produce long-term glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes are warranted. However, little is known about how clinical teams should support adults with type 2 diabetes to achieve and sustain a physically active lifestyle. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS ...

Methadone-maintained persons are at increased risk for many physical and mental health disorders compared to the general population. Increased physical activity could offset these risks. We assessed physical activity level, and perceived benefits and barriers to exercise in a group of 305 methadone-maintained smokers. Mean participant age was 39.9years, 50.2% ...

OBJECTIVES: To identify sex based differences in the perception of benefits and barriers towards exercise and to determine the sex and age based differences in the level of physical activity (PA) among adult residents of Karachi. METHODS: 300 adult individuals were included in cross sectional survey conducted during July-October 2010. ...

All children have a natural need to move, play, and perform activities. Physical activity is necessary for optimal physical, emotional, and psychosocial development for healthy children as well as children with congenital heart disease (CHD). In this paper we provide recommendations for physical activity, recreational sport, and exercise training in ...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), accounting for 15-20% of strokes, can cause significant brain injury and life long neurological deficits. We investigated whether treadmill exercise rehabilitation could improve brain repair after ICH and whether involvement of NFG-TrkA and BDNF-TrkB signaling could be observed during repair period in an experimental mouse ICH model ...

BACKGROUND. Increases in physical activity (PA) are promoted by walking in an outdoor environment. Along with walking speed, slope is a major determinant of exercise intensity, and energy expenditure. The hypothesis was that in free-living conditions, a hilly environment diminishes PA to a greater extent in obese (OB) when compared ...

PURPOSE: Regular physical activity (PA) can be used to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Previous research has shown differences in CRF (VO2max) among racial groups, but it is unclear how much of these differences can be explained by PA. Thus we sought to examine the association between PA and CRF in ...

Low-intensity resistance exercise can effectively induce muscle hypertrophy and increases in strength when combined with moderate blood flow restriction (BFR). As this type of exercise does not require lifting heavy weights, it might be a feasible method of cardiac rehabilitation, in which resistance exercise has been recommended to be included. ...

We compare the adequacy of several titration procedures of oxygen flow in maintaining SpO(2) > 90% during the activities of daily life in patients with very severe COPD. Thirty-one very severe COPD patients undergoing oxygen-therapy were recruited. Three titration methods were randomly performed: (1) 6-min walking tests; (2) cycle-ergometer constant work-rate tests ...

Study of lactate metabolism has revealed that orally consumed lactate is used as an energy substrate either directly by oxidation or by conversion to glucose. Disposal of lactate by oxidation or gluconeogenesis consumes protons and can fortify blood bicarbonate levels temporarily and increase pH. These characteristics have led to investigations ...

Promotion of and adherence to increased physical activity (PA) is an important part of the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that individually tailored home-based exercise prescriptions will increase long-term PA and maximal exercise capacity among CAD patients without and with type 2 diabetes (CAD+T2D). Physical ...

We examined heat balance using an American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value allocated exercise protocol in hot-dry (HD; 46 °C, 10% relative humidity (RH)) and warm-wet (WW; 33 °C, 60% RH) environments of equivalent WBGT (29 °C) for different clothing ensembles. Whole-body heat exchange and changes in body heat content ...

This review examines the influence of dehydration on muscular strength and endurance and on single and repeated anaerobic sprint bouts. Describing hydration effects on anaerobic performance is difficult because various exercise modes are dominated by anaerobic energy pathways, but still contain inherent physiological differences. The critical level of water deficit ...

Respirator breathing resistance impacts performance of wearers during constant work load. However, it is less clear as to how breathing resistance affects the tolerant capacity of users during graded work load. The present study investigated the tolerant capacity of 8 individuals during incremental work load. The 8 subjects were required ...

ABSTRACT: Studies of exhaustive exercise on marksmanship are inconclusive and have not measured trigger pull latencies (LAT), nor considered impact of added torso loads. This study examined impact of exhaustive whole body exercise and torso loading on accuracy, precision, and latency during a marksmanship test. Twelve males lifted a 20.5 ...

Potentiation has been reported in power tasks immediately following a strength stimulus, however, only whole-body performance has been assessed. In order to determine the acute effects of weightlifting on vertical jump joint kinetics, performance was assessed before, during and after snatch pull exercise in male athletes. Jumping was assessed using ...

Introduction:  Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is increasingly used to evaluate the overall impact of the illness on patients with COPD.While laboratory tests of exercise performance are costly, the six-minute walk test (6-MWT) can be more easily performed. Although the main outcome commonly used in this field test is the distance ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of various warm-up intensities based upon individual lactate thresholds on subsequent intermittent sprint performance, as well as to determine which temperature (muscle; T(mu), rectal; T(re) or body; T(b)) best correlated with performance (total work, work and power output of the first sprint, and % work ...

Respiratory muscle work limits high-intensity exercise tolerance in healthy human beings. Emerging evidence suggests similar limitations exist during submaximal work in some physically demanding occupations. In an occupational setting, heavy loads are routinely carried upon the trunk in the form of body armor, backpacks, and/or compressed air cylinders by military, ...

The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) are used to prescribe the appropriate training load for cycling and walking exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary aims were: (i) to compare estimated peak work rate (Wpeak(estimated)) derived from six existing Wpeak regression ...

We tested the hypothesis that, among conditions of matched contractile work, shorter contraction durations and greater muscle fibre recruitment result in augmented skeletal muscle blood flow and oxygen consumption ( ) during steady-state exercise in humans. To do so, we measured forearm blood flow (FBF; Doppler ultrasound) during 4 min ...

Pathologic processes intrinsic and extrinsic to the tendons have been proposed as the underlying cause of rotator cuff disease, but the precise etiology is not known. Tear formation is, in part, attributable to the accumulation of subrupture tendon fatigue damage. We review the molecular, mechanical, and structural changes induced in ...

Elevated metabolism is common to spaceflight while exercise in microgravity exacerbates energy costs. Thus in-flight exercise countermeasures must be devised that minimize energy costs as they are performed on hardware operable in microgravity. Female subjects (N = 28), subdivided into athletic and sedentary groups, each performed two workouts on a ...

The psycho-physical stress is a risk to all intents and purposes,finally acknowledged, it requires increasing attention. Measures forits protection are reflected in the appropriate application oforganizational policies on a human scale, or in respect of the"macro-ergonomics". This work consists on several inter-disciplinary tools available to the proper prevention, outbreaks of ...

The expansion of sugarcane monoculture in Brazil in the last decades has pointed out to the necessity of considering the question of sugarcane cutters occupational health. In this work we present a cross-sectional study aiming to examine the occupational posture of a group of sugarcane cutters, which work in a ...

This article intends to evaluate the lung function and capacity to exercise and correlate both of them in metal industry workers.

Maximal oxygen uptake is generally accepted as the most valid and reliable index of cardiorespiratory fitness and functional aerobic capacity. The exercise test for measuring maximal oxygen uptake is unsuitable for screening tests in public heath examinations, because of the potential risks of exercise exertion and time demands. We designed ...

In direct proportion to current technological developments, both the computer usage in the workplaces is increased and requirement of leaving the desk for an office worker in order to photocopy a document, send or receive an e-mail is decreased. Therefore, office workers stay in the same postures accompanied by long ...

Early developmental experience shapes neuronal circuits and influences the trajectory of cognitive aging. Just as adversity early in life can accelerate age-related synaptic impairments, enhancement of neuronal metabolism and function in the developing brain could potentially protect neurons against the synaptic consequences of aging. In this regard, metabolic enhancements following ...

This review describes the methodology and analysis of respiratory mechanics as it pertains to dynamic exercise. Underlying physical principles governing respiratory mechanics and commonly used measuring instruments will be discussed. We explain the physiological basis behind respiration, along with the dynamics of pulmonary ventilation. This review will outline the theoretical ...

We have previously reported normal values for LV mechanical synchrony from post-stress exercise (99m)Tc SPECT studies; the goal of this study was to develop normal values for mechanical synchrony from pharmacologic stress and rest (82)Rb PET studies and compare these values to a population of LBBB patients. The normal population ...

PURPOSE: To analyze the scientific literature about the physiology and effects of exercises used in the treatment of oral myofunctional disorders. RESEARCH STRATEGY: The methodology used followed the concepts of the Cochrane Handbook and involved question formulation related to the topic of investigation, identification and selection of the studies, and ...