This commentary reviews selected biomedical and clinical research examining the relationship between physical exercise and cognitive function especially in youth with disability. Youth with physical disability may not benefit from the effects of exercise on cardiovascular fitness and brain health since they are less active than their non-disabled peers. In ...

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are in need of effective physical fitness training programs. The aim was to test the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality (VR)-based exercise program in improving the physical fitness of adults with IDD. A research group (N=30; mean age=52.3+/-5.8 years; moderate IDD level) was ...

BACKGROUND: Surgical masks have been used since the early 1900s to minimize infection of surgical wounds from wearer-generated bacteria. There is ongoing debate, however, whether surgical masks can meet the expectations of respiratory protection devices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the filter performance and facial fit of ...

Our previous paper [J. Chem. Phys. 127, 224104 (2007)] revealed that the Schrodinger equation in the fixed-nucleus approximation could be very accurately solved for helium atom and its isoelectronic ions (Z=1-10) with the free iterative-complement-interaction (ICI) method combined with the variation principle. In this report, the quantum effect of nuclear ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of 8 months of supervised exercise therapy in warm water and its effects on the impact of fibromyalgia on physical and mental health and physical fitness in affected women. METHODS: Thirty women with fibromyalgia were randomly assigned to an exercise therapy group (n = 15) ...

AIM OF THE STUDY: Exercise dependence is an inadequate pattern of exercise leading to clinically significant negative consequences. Subjects present loss of control of their physical activity, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms when they do not practice sport. We studied the prevalence of exercise dependence among clients of a Parisian fitness ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this article is to describe the application of basic exercise principles to individuals with fibromyalgia to encourage clinicians to discuss with their patients ways of becoming more physically active. RECENT FINDINGS: The goals of increased physical activity and exercise for individuals with fibromyalgia are ...

BACKGROUND: In modern society, decreased physical activity and/or changes in quality and quantity of nutritional intake contribute to obesity and lifestyle diseases that result in economic costs, both to society and to individuals. AIMS: To measure physical fitness and body mass index (BMI) and to assess their association with sickness ...

To establish whether somatostatin (SRIH) and/or endogenous opioids play a role in the control of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) response to physical exercise, eight healthy men underwent four bicycle-ergometer tests until exhaustion: exercise control test; exercise plus SRIH, naloxone or SRIH plus naloxone. Serum AVP levels, physiological and biochemical variables were measured ...

Two hypotheses have been considered in the literature regarding how anuran morphology reduces predation risk: by (1) improving escape swimming performance, or (2) using the tail as a lure to draw predator strikes away from the body of the tadpole. We investigated these hypotheses using a modification of the morphology, ...

OBJECTIVE: This paper describes the development of a physical training programme for cancer patients. Four related but conceptually and empirically distinct physical problems are described: decreased aerobic capacity, decreased muscle strength, fatigue and impaired role physical functioning. The study aimed to identify the optimal content for an exercise programme that ...

Taping is a ubiquitous strategy to help prevent ankle sprains. The restrictive qualities of various taping methods may impair athletic performance. The objective of the study was to compare the Gibney closed basket weave taping method with heel-locks to heel-locks and figure-eights in order to determine their effect on vertical ...

A 22-year-old African American U.S. sailor presented with an intermittent pruritic eruption precipitated by mild activity for the last 2 years. She developed an extremely pruritic papular rash that would quickly coalesce into larger wheals following any exercise, light activity such as vacuuming, or taking hot showers. This condition had ...

This paper details the design, development, and testing of virtual augmented exercise (VAE) gaming for older adults. Three versions of an underwater VAE environment were tested with a sample of 22 healthy adults aged 50 or over. Participants strongly preferred VAE to traditional physical exercise, and adherence rate was 100%. ...

Exercise is very important element for successful aging. Among many sports events, Korea is the suzerain of Taekwondo. When competing (Taekwondo Free Fighting) after learning Poomse as basic movements and inuring them, people compete with movements depending on situation. Among Poomses of Taekwondo, Taegeuk Poomse consists of very basic movements ...

This paper reports 2 baseline studies and one experiment performed in a confined-space military vehicle concerning the effects on fitness and performance of time in a sitting posture and workstation characteristics. On average physical fitness decreased by slightly more than 10% per hour, the observation performance decreased by 30% per ...

There is an increasing interest in exercise and fitness in Alzheimer disease (AD) given evidence suggesting a role in the maintenance of cognitive health. There is, however, little data on the objective measure of cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with AD. Thus, we assessed cardiorespiratory fitness in early AD and its ...

BACKGROUND: Men and women who exercise regularly and who are physically fit tend to be leaner than those who are sedentary and not fit. Although exercise is known to attenuate weight gain and promote weight loss, there may also be a propensity for leaner men and women to choose to ...

BACKGROUND: Studies to assess the patterns of physical exercise among University students in Lebanon are lacking. The current study looks at the prevalence of physical exercise among university students in Beirut and predictors of performing physical exercise. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, a proportionate random sample of university students selected ...

OBJECTIVE: To show the effect of hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) on magnesium (Mg2+) loss in Mg2+ deficient subjects and the effect of physical exercise and on Mg2+ deficiency with and without physical exercise: Mg2+ balance, serum Mg2+ concentration and Mg2+ loss were measured. METHODS: Studies were conducted on 30 healthy ...

Exercise that engages the cardiovascular system has a myriad of effects on the body; however, we usually do not give much consideration to the benefits it may have for our minds. An increasing body of evidence suggests that exercise can have some remarkable effects on the brain. In this article, ...

An emerging body of multidisciplinary literature has documented the beneficial influence of physical activity engendered through aerobic exercise on selective aspects of brain function. Human and non-human animal studies have shown that aerobic exercise can improve a number of aspects of cognition and performance. Lack of physical activity, particularly among ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess annual changes in the continuous summary physical performance score (CSPPS) and the quartile summary physical performance (QSPPS) score, evaluate how these changes relate to self-reported changes in physical function and to examine clinically meaningful changes in CSPPS and QSPPS. ...

For many individuals, pre-participation clearance using the PAR-Q and the PARmed-X has become a barrier to adopting a physically active lifestyle. An extensive project is therefore planned to reduce the number of medical referrals from the PAR-Q and to revise the PARmed-X so that it becomes more effective, user friendly, ...

OBJECTIVES: This study compared physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and other health indicators between 1381 employed and nonemployed 12th grade girls. METHODS: The girls were from 22 high schools in South Carolina (2002-2003); 56% of the girls were African American, and the mean age was 17.7 (0.6) years. Physical activity and ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence of the effects of exercise interventions in patients with cancer in each of four quality-of-life domains: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. DATA SOURCES: Research articles, abstracts, literature review. CONCLUSION: There is strong evidence to support positive effects of exercise on physical and psychological well-being. Exercise ...

AIM: This study explored whether an exercise programme for haemodialysis patients, including the use of a purpose built dialysis exercise machine, would improve quality of life (QoL), nutrition, physical function and biochemical indices. METHODS: Intervention was a 6 month individualised exercise programme, which was continued up to 12 months. QoL, ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of interactive video games (combined with stationary cycling) on health-related physical fitness and exercise adherence in comparison with traditional aerobic training (stationary cycling alone). College-aged males were stratified (aerobic fitness and body mass) and then assigned randomly to experimental (n ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a planned mastery motivational physical play session on physical activity (i.e., heart rate [HR] and physical play intensity [PAHR > 50]) in toddlers (N = 21), as compared to a nonplanned free play session. Participants wore a monitor to ...

We examine the informatic characteristics of amino acid representations based on physical properties. We demonstrate that sequences rewritten using contracted alphabets based on physical properties do not encode local folding information well. The best four-character alphabet can only encode approximately 57% of the maximum possible amount of structural information. This ...

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of knowledge of the motor abilities required in different exercise modes which are needed when counseling sedentary middle-aged people to start a physically active lifestyle. METHODS: Nominal group technique was used to establish the consensus statement concerning motor abilities and physical fitness in 31 exercise ...

This study examined whether the positive impressions formed by others of able-bodied exercisers extend to people with a physical disability. Participants (226 women and 220 men) read a description of a man or woman with a spinal cord injury who was described as an exerciser, nonexerciser, or control, and then ...

Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and white-blood-cell (WBC) count are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. The authors' purpose was to compare the inflammatory response to a single aerobic-exercise session between individuals of high and moderate fitness. Ten apparently healthy highly fit and 11 moderately fit men expended ...

This is a randomised control study, to determine the effect of aerobic and strength exercise on physical fitness and quality of life in patients with mild multiple sclerosis (MS). Sixteen outpatients with definitive MS, aged 18-50, with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) <4, completed the study. Every patient was ...

Both obesity and physical inactivity are associated with chronic disease and premature mortality. A review of the literature has shown that both objectively measured level of physical fitness and self-reported physical activity have a prognostic value for all-cause mortality, independently of body mass index. Furthermore, there is evidence for a ...

AIM: To examine the relationship between a physician's ability to examine a standardized patient (SP) and their ability to correctly identify related clinical findings created with simulation technology. METHOD: The authors conducted an observational study of 347 candidates during a Canadian national specialty examination at the end of post-graduate internal ...

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the effects of physical exercise in severely fatigued patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and to clarify the mutual relationships between 5 domains studied in these patients: physical fitness, fatigue, objectively measured actual mobility, perceived physical functioning, and perceived mental functioning. DESIGN: Case series.Subjects/patients: ...

Spinning is a type of indoor fitness activity performed on stationary bikes by participants who pedal together to the rhythm of music and the motivating words of an instructor. Despite worldwide popularity of this type of recreational activity, to date there have been few, mainly non-scientific, studies of the impact ...

Formerly sedentary older women (M age = 62 yr.) were recruited for either a wait-list control group (n=40) or a 10-.wk., 3 days/wk. weight-training treatment group (n=48). Only the treatment group demonstrated significant before- to after-exercise improvements on the Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory scales of Positive Engagement, Revitalization, Tranquility, and Physical ...

Measurements were made during Shechita (kosher) slaughter of 692 meat chickens, including the behaviour of the birds during the procedure and the times from their removal from the crate, to neck cutting, bleed-out and shackling. Four of 100 birds showed a mild physical response to neck cutting but the others ...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rheumatic disease characterized by a variety of symptoms, especially fatigue, pain and reduced quality of life. Physical exercise is a useful tool for improving cardiovascular fitness, reducing metabolic abnormalities and fatigue and improving quality of life. However, very few studies have focused on the ...

Different studies have suggested that the majority of self-talk during exercise is either positive or neutral in character. The majority of 'thoughts' during low-intensity exercise have been described as being dissociative conversational chatter. However, with increasing exercise intensity, there is a greater percentage of associative and motivational thoughts, which includes ...

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a workplace physical exercise intervention on subjective physical well-being, psychosocial functioning and general well-being. The study was a cluster randomized-controlled trial with the department (n=4) as the unit of randomization. The subjects (n=90) were office workers [mean age 45.7 ...

Poor physical fitness is a common problem among thalassemic patients. L-Carnitine plays an essential role in fatty acid beta-oxidation, a process especially important in the organs that preferentially use fatty acid as a source of energy such as the myocardium and the skeletal muscles. The main objective of this study ...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test relations of physical self-concept and self-efficacy with voluntary physical activity in preadolescents enrolled in an after-school physical activity program. METHODS: Participants in the 2003 (n=41) and 2005 (n=84) versions of the Youth Fit For Life protocol and the control group (n=40) completed the Physical ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Physical exercise is associated with a lower risk of disability. The impact of comorbidity on the benefits from physical exercise has not been clearly investigated. Elders with comorbidity may benefit from physical exercise to preserve physical function. METHODS: Data are from 435 participants with knee osteoarthritis aged ...

The long-term effects of acute submaximal exercise on intraocular pressures (IOPs) of right-and left-eyes and recovery times to basement levels of IOP in postexercise periods in sedentary and physically fit subjects were investigated. Twenty-five sedentary and 24 physically fit subjects, ranging in age 17 to 22 years, participated. Intraocular pressures ...

Manual handling of plasterboards in order to construct interior building walls is a risk factor for musculoskeletal complaints. Unfortunately, mechanical lifting aids to reduce the physical workload are impractical for this task. Therefore, the effect of smaller plasterboards on productivity, work demands and workload was evaluated in an exploratory study ...

The purpose of this study was to measure changes in plasma adiponectin (ApN) over 24 months of exercise intervention in middle age adults with a predisposition to metabolic syndrome and to determine if changes in ApN were more affected by physical activity or physical fitness. Thirty-six subjects completed a 24 ...

This study examined the role of self-efficacy and physical function performance in the relationship between physical activity and functional limitations. Older women (age, M = 68.2 years) completed measures of physical activity, self-efficacy, physical function performance, and functional limitations at the baseline of an ongoing study. Analyses indicated that physical ...