The present study was undertaken in order to establish the possible involvement of serotonergic receptors in the control of physical exercise-stimulated vasopressin secretion. Twenty-one healthy men (divided in three groups of seven) underwent bicycle-ergometer tests until exhaustion: exercise control test (n=21), exercise plus ondansetron, selective 5-HT3 antagonist (n=7), exercise plus ...

Exercise capacity, physical functioning, and physical activity are all low in patients with CKD treated with dialysis. Although there is robust evidence that these patients benefit from regular exercise training and/or increasing physical activity, the nephrology community has not adopted recommendations and encouragement for physical activity as a part of ...

Kidney transplant patients have decreased quality and longevity of life. Whether exercise can positively affect associated outcomes such as physical functioning, metabolic syndrome, kidney function, and immune function, has only been addressed in relatively small studies. Thus the aim of this systematic review was to determine effects of physical activity ...

PURPOSE: Core stabilization exercises target abdominal and trunk muscles without the excessive loading that occurs during sit-ups. However, core stabilization exercise programs (CSEP) have not been widely adopted in the US Army partially because of the perceived deleterious impact they would have on performance during the Army Physical Fitness Test. ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review was to give an update on the effects of physical exercise in patients with chronic inflammatory disorders with a focus on the potential anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in inflammatory myopathies. RECENT FINDINGS: Until recently patients with myositis were refrained from doing physical exercise ...

INTRODUCTION: This study objectively evaluates the effectiveness of a 6-week Preparatory Training Phase (PTP) programme prior to Basic Military Training (BMT) for less physically conditioned conscripts in the Singapore Armed Forces. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared exercise test results of a group of less fi t recruits who underwent a ...

Introduction. Information regarding the effect of exercise capacity on mortality risk in individuals with high-normal blood pressure is severely limited. Thus, we evaluated the association of exercise capacity and all-cause mortality in individuals with high-normal blood pressure. Methods. Exercise test was performed in 1727 males with high-normal blood pressure at ...

We investigated the effect of different exercise modalities on high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Eighty-two patients were randomized into 4 groups: sedentary control (A); receiving counseling to perform low-intensity physical activity (B); performing prescribed and supervised ...

PURPOSE: Lymphoma patients commonly experience declines in physical functioning and quality of life (QoL) that may be reversed with exercise training. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, between 2005 and 2008 that stratified 122 lymphoma patients by major disease type and current treatment ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the possible influence of childhood physical fitness on physical activity level and some of its psychosocial determinants as an adult. Childhood (age 10-12 years) data from the longitudinal Trois-Rivières Growth and Development Study (body mass index, Physical Work Capacity (PWC170)), number of ...

PURPOSE: A graded nonlinear relationship exists between fitness and mortality with the most remarkable difference in mortality rates observed between the least-fit (first, Q1) and the next-least-fit (second, Q2) quintile of fitness. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical characteristics, exercise test responses, and physical activity patterns in ...

Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for acute leukaemia or aggressive lymphoma not only suffer from the direct side effects of chemotherapy such as infections due to long-lasting immuno-suppression and aplasia, but also from marked fatigue and the inability to do normal physical activity. Furthermore, especially in patients with severe thrombocytopenia, anaemia ...

A haematopoietic SCT (HSCT) can cause severe side effects, which may have a profound impact on a patient's life both physically and psychologically. Some studies have shown that physical activity has positive effects for inpatients after an HSCT. Therefore, the question arises whether a controlled exercise programme right from the ...

Some researchers have reported that moderate physical exercise improves cognitive function, and that exercise at high intensity beyond the optimal point attenuates performance, in an inverted U-relationship. The optimal intensity of physical exercise for cognitive function might be related closely to the anaerobic threshold. It has been regarded as an ...

OBJECTIVE: Physical exercise has been shown to play an ever-broadening role in the maintenance of overall health and has been implicated in the preservation of cognitive function in both healthy elderly and demented populations. Animal and human studies of acquired brain injury (ABI) from trauma or vascular causes also suggest ...

Physical exercise is likely to alter brain function and to afford neuroprotection in several neurological diseases. Although the favorable effects of physical exercise on traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is well known, little information is available regarding the role of free radicals in the improvement induced by physical exercise in ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether physical fitness is decreased in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in comparison to matched healthy controls because low physical fitness has been shown to be associated with metabolic syndrome or autonomic dysfunction. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are known to be increased in patients with MDD. ...

DNA damage induced by physical activity and/or exercise has been reported under different conditions but not for individuals maintaining physical fitness by regular strenuous exercise. Therefore, we compared levels of DNA damage in blood leukocytes of 40 healthy individuals (35 males, 5 females) who regularly exercised in gymnasiums/health clubs and ...

PURPOSE: Update of a clinical practice guideline for the physiotherapy management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease supporting the clinical decision-making process. METHODS: A systematic computerized literature search was performed on different modalities for improving physical exercise capacity, reducing exertional dyspnoea, improving airway clearance and encouraging changes in physical ...

Evidence shows that aspects of personality are associated with participation in physical activity. We hypothesized that, among adolescents, behavioral activation (BAS) and behavioral inhibition (BIS) systems would be associated with physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness and percent body fat), enjoyment of exercise, tolerance of and persistence in high-intensity exercise, and affective ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25(OH)D(3)) levels and exercise on physical fitness in community-dwelling frail elderly in Japan. A longitudinal survey was conducted in a town (latitude 36 degrees north). Eighty women aged 65 years and over attended ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between objective measures are self-reports of physical function in individuals with the late sequelae of poliomyelitis. Physical therapists often use exercise tests to assess an individual's level of physical function, as well as to guide exercise prescription and treatment planning. ...

Physical activity and aerobic exercise in particular, promotes health and effective cognitive functioning. To elucidate mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical fitness and acute exercise, behavioral and electrophysiological indices of task preparation and response inhibition as a part of executive functions were assessed in a modified version of an ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between exercise capacity and mortality in African Americans and Caucasians with type 2 diabetes and to explore racial differences regarding this relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: African American (n = 1,703; aged 60 +/- 10 years) and Caucasian (n ...

The objective was to determine if exercise training improves physical fitness of nonlactating, late-pregnant and nonpregnant multiparous Holstein cows and alters acid-base homeostasis during an exercise test on a treadmill. Twenty-six pairs (each pair having 1 late-pregnant and 1 nonpregnant) of cows were assigned to treatments of exercise training or ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 16-week Kouk-Sun-Do (KSD) exercise on physical fitness, emotional state, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in community-dwelling elders in Korea. A total of 19 elders in the intervention group and 20 elders in the control group participated. The KSD exercise with ...

Previous systematic reviews have found hydrotherapy to be an effective management strategy for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the components of hydrotherapy programs used in randomized controlled trials. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted. Only trials that have reported significant ...

PURPOSE: Nonpharmacological interventions may lead to an improvement in sleep quality. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of acute intensive exercise and chronic exercise on sleep patterns in patients with periodic leg movements (PLM). METHODS: The study involved acute and chronic exercise. The acute intensive exercise ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The offer of human saliva IGF-I (sIGF-I) measurement in athletes investigation is a new proposal. The aim was to investigate the physical exercise effect on sIGF-I and explore plasma free IGF-I relation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Saliva and blood were collected from well-trained athletes, investigated immediately before and at the ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Valsalva retinopathy may occur due to intense physical exercise. Soldiers must undergo vigorous physical training to sustain a high level of readiness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the recovery period and the outcomes of Valsalva retinopathy due to physical exercise in the Turkish Army. ...

INTRODUCTION: Information regarding the effect of exercise capacity on mortality risk in individuals with high-normal blood pressure is severely limited. Thus, we evaluated the association of exercise capacity and all-cause mortality in individuals with high-normal blood pressure. METHODS: Exercise test was performed in 1727 males with high-normal blood pressure at ...

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a multifactorial, biobehavioral phenomenon experienced by the majority of persons with cancer. It has negative consequences on the individual's physical functioning and quality of life. An array of biological, psychobehavioral, and functional mechanisms contributes to its occurrence. A relatively large number of studies have examined the ...

Short episodes of high intensity exercise transiently increase serum levels of BDNF in humans, but serum levels of BDNF at rest appear to be lower in more physically active humans with greater levels of energy expenditure. The relationship between serum BDNF concentration, cardio-respiratory fitness (Astrand-Rhyming test estimated VO2 max) and ...

The great majority of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C are treated with pegylated interferon-ribavirin therapy. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that these patients were able to have some form of physical exercise, and that this activity can lead to an improvement in their quality-of-life. Twelve volunteer ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a 12-week pedometer-based exercise counseling strategy is feasible and effectively enhances daily physical activity in outclinic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients who do not participate in a rehabilitation program in a controlled way. METHODS: 35 outclinic COPD patients (21 males, mean age 62 years, GOLD ...

Exposure to different physical and cognitive stimulus have been shown to induce extensive neuronal plasticity in both undamaged and injured central nervous system, such as enhanced neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, up-regulation of neurotrophic factors and improved learning and memory. Neuronal plasticity also is found during certain ...

The physical and mental benefits of exercise are widely known but seldom available to persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD). This article presents information on the potential benefits of physical exercise for people with AD, discussing some of the metabolic and neuropathological changes regarded as underlying causes of AD, as ...

Youth with low physical activity and fitness levels and high body fat levels are more likely to develop additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as elevated blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels. Participation in daily physical activity can reduce body fat, encourage weight loss, and improve aerobic fitness in ...

AIM: Exercise is commonly cited as a remedy for menstrual symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a period of exercise on physical and psychological symptoms of menstruation, dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea. METHODS: Participants of the study were 250 students of Shiraz University who ...

Many corporations provide employees the option of participating in on-site fitness centers, but utilization rates are low. Perceived barriers to physical activity have been established as important correlates of physical activity, and recent research indicates that barriers may vary across settings. Work-site fitness centers may present unique barriers to participation, ...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Promoting physical fitness of young-older adults is essential in reducing healthcare expenditures which would occur in the future for those with chronic health problems. The silver yoga exercise programme was developed to accommodate the reduced body flexibility experienced by many older adults and was critically reviewed by ...

This study investigated the predictive strength of perceived competence and enjoyment on students' physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in physical education classes. Participants (N = 307; 101 in Grade 6, 96 in Grade 7, 110 in Grade 8; 149 boys, 158 girls) responded to questionnaires assessing perceived competence and enjoyment ...

BACKGROUND: Researchers have studied exercise determinants primarily from cognitive and social psychology perspectives, which typically give minimal attention to the body as a physical and biological entity. With the belief that tapping into multidimensional variables would potentially help us better understand motivation in exercise, we designed this study to examine ...

Firefighters routinely encounter physical demands that contribute to countless musculoskeletal injuries. Seemingly, a progressive prescription for fitness would offer superior protection against intrinsic job risks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of two resistance training interventions on fitness adaptations among firefighters, and to assess the degree ...

The 2007 Streeten Lecture focused on the idea that physical deconditioning plays a key role in the symptomology and pathophysiology of POTS. Parallels were drawn between the physiological responses to orthostatic stress seen in POTS patients and the physiological responses seen in "normal" humans after prolonged periods of bedrest, deconditioning, ...

Based on related prior research, it is suggested that seeing one's animated reflection, in a mirror, should be considered to be an act of imagining; also, that seeing oneself in a mirror during physical exercise should increase the muscular effects of that exercise. Further argued, on the basis of this ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pedometer step counts and estimated VO2max as determined by a submaximal exercise test. Participants (N = 115; 65 girls, 50 boys) wore pedometers for five days and completed the Queen's College Step Test (QCST). Based on these results participants ...

AIMS: This prospective pilot-study was performed to assess whether regular moderate physical activity elevates the parasympathetic tone to the atrio-ventricular node and decreases VR during permanent AF. BACKGROUND: Adequate ventricular rate (VR) control in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) is not easy to accomplish. METHODS: 10 patients (mean age ...

This commentary reviews selected biomedical and clinical research examining the relationship between physical exercise and cognitive function especially in youth with disability. Youth with physical disability may not benefit from the effects of exercise on cardiovascular fitness and brain health since they are less active than their non-disabled peers. In ...

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are in need of effective physical fitness training programs. The aim was to test the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality (VR)-based exercise program in improving the physical fitness of adults with IDD. A research group (N=30; mean age=52.3+/-5.8 years; moderate IDD level) was ...