We have previously demonstrated that a sense of coherence (SOC), a candidate for a mediating stress factor, is involved in natural killer cell activity (NKCA) reduced in smokers, whereas the relationship among exercise, NKCA and SOC is unclear. To clarify the effects of exercise on SOC and NKCA, we examined ...

BACKGROUND: Exercise counselling is not frequently conducted by family physicians in several countries. Little is known about the exercise counselling practices of family physicians in Canada. The objective of this study was to assess physician confidence, current versus desired practice, and barriers related to the counselling of exercise by family ...

INTRODUCTION: Numerous cases of exertional rhabdomyolysis have been reported in the literature, and these cases mostly involve individuals who were inexperienced exercisers, uneducated in fitness and health principles, dehydrated or heat stressed, taking drugs, or military recruits in basic training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to review two ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Exercise is beneficial to health because it reduces the risk of cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, improves bone and muscle conditioning, and lessens anxiety and depression. However, the impact of exercise on the gastrointestinal system has been conflicting. This systematic literature review evaluates the effect of the different ...

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM), one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, is associated with high levels of impaired health and inadequate or limited symptom relief. The cause of this complex syndrome is unknown, and there is no known cure. Numerous research results indicate that a combination of physical exercise and mind-body ...

Undergraduate exercise science programs develop curricula by referring to standards set by professional organizations. A web-based survey was administered to 235 institutions with exercise science undergraduate programs to evaluate their adherence to stated curricular guidelines. Results indicate that 29% of institutions considered American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Knowledge, skills, ...

OBJECTIVES: This study reports the social cognitive, health status, and health service use outcomes of an exercise intervention among women over 50 years of age. METHODS: A random sample of patients was drawn from two primary care centers that serve a predominantly low-income and African American population. After provider screen, ...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether advice by health care professionals is associated with increased exercise activity in older people. As part of the Evergreen follow-up study, self-report data on exercise related advice were collected in 1996 and physical activity in 1988 and 1996 among 611 non-institutional ...

Exercise has a major role in the management of osteoarthritis, effecting well-documented physiological improvements on muscle function. However, exercise also has lasting benefits on the complex psychosocial sequelae of osteoarthritis--facilitating appropriate health beliefs, behaviors, pain coping, and self-management strategies--that are as important as its physiological effects.

Exercise is such a powerful mechanism for improving health and performance, but what does it take to establish exercise as a core part of our daily lives?

As the US population ages, generalist physicians will be charged with keeping the elderly healthy and active in their later years. Exercise is recommended for the treatment of many chronic medical conditions found in the geriatric population; it is also recommended to prevent certain medical conditions such as diabetes and ...

Increasing attention is being given to identifying standardised methods of analysis for the economic evaluation of health care programmes and generating generalisable findings from these methods. In this paper, we show how these approaches fail to reflect the social science foundations of the economics discipline and the economic theory of ...

BACKGROUND: Sedentary lifestyle is associated with adverse health outcomes. Available evidence suggests that, despite positive attitudes toward regular exercise in promoting a healthy lifestyle, few physicians actually prescribe exercise for their patients. Barriers include lack of skills and standard office instruments. Because primary care physicians have regular contact with a ...

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, fibrinogen, and white blood cell levels) and various forms of exercise for the adult U.S. population while controlling for factors that might influence the relationship. METHODS: An analysis of the adults age 17 and over who participated in the National ...

TMS is a powerful new tool with extremely interesting research and therapeutic potentials. Further understanding of the ways by which TMS changes neuronal function, especially as a function of its use parameters, will improve its ability to answer neuroscience questions as well as to treat diseases. Because of its noninvasiveness, ...

This study examines the test-retest reliability of two methods of establishing health preference weights and assesses the effectiveness of a brief values-clarification exercise. Survey participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups and received either a standard protocol for eliciting health preferences (comparison group) or an augmented protocol designed ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the feasibility of a power-type strength training programme for middle aged men and women, the impact of the training programme on perceived health and fitness and on knee and low back symptoms, and the rate of exercise induced injuries. METHODS: A total of 154 voluntary, healthy, sedentary ...

CONTEXT: Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), multisymptom illnesses characterized by persistent pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, have been reported by many Gulf War veterans. There are currently no effective therapies available to treat GWVI. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exercise, and the combination of both ...

Chronic heart failure is characterized by impaired cardiac function, but the relationship between clinical indices and subjective perception is not clear. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between cardiac function, exercise capacity and clinical classification, and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in 91 outpatients with an left ...

Physical exercise has proven to be an extremely useful tool in health enhancement, health maintenance, and rehabilitation in addition to its role in conditioning for competitive sports. Exercise is defined as activity that involves the generation of force by the activated muscles. While various sport activities and events involve a ...

This paper reports on an evaluation of the reactions of participants in a computer-controlled telephone conversation system (telephone-linked care, TLC) designed to offer nutrition and exercise counseling. After 6 months in the study, subjects were asked a series of questions about their opinions of the TLC system, including overall satisfaction ...

The aim of this study was to examine sedentary older women's experiences with exercise. Interview-administered questionnaires and physical measures assessed exercise history variables, health-related quality of life, functional status, depression, perceived vigor, adiposity, and body mass index. Women aged 65 to 97 years (N = 198) participated in the study. ...

Health visitors working in a socially and economically deprived area of the Wirral, Merseyside wanted to find innovative ways to address the high incidence of postnatal depression in their caseloads. Believing that exercise may have a beneficial effect on depression, they set up a project to make fitness activities more ...

OBJECTIVES: This paper examines the personal exercise habits of women physicians and the effect of those habits on how they counsel their patients on exercise. METHODS: Using the Women Physicians' Health Study (WPHS), a national questionnaire-based survey (n=4501), we analyzed responses of women physicians regarding personal and clinical exercise-related practices. ...

2003 marks the 30th year of The Physician and Sportsmedicine (PSM). I remember reading the journal in its first decade, and being impressed with its wide coverage of topics related to exercise, sports, human performance, and health. Of course, I'm even more impressed with its scope and breadth now, but ...

BACKGROUND: Patients on dialysis therapy are inactive, are at high risk for conditions that can be prevented or ameliorated by exercise, and often receive most of their care from their nephrologist. Exercise counseling by physicians can increase patients' levels of physical activity. The aim of the study is to determine ...

Water quality data from 55 monitoring wells during drought conditions surrounding Lake Texoma, located on the border of Oklahoma and Texas, was compared to assess the influence of drought on groundwater quality. During the drought month of October, water table levels were three feet (0.9 m) lower compared with several ...

During 2000, one of the Consultants in Communicable Disease Control (CsCDC) for North Essex Health Authority was advised that a healthcare worker (HCW) in dentistry had recently been diagnosed as HIV positive. As a result of the HCW's history and taking account the Guidance on HIV infected healthcare workers of ...

PURPOSE: Adults with diabetes were surveyed to determine the extent to which respondents perceived specific preventive regimens (diet, exercise, weight control, and education) had been prescribed or recommended, adhered to their prescribed regimens, and identified barriers to nonadherence. METHODS: Surveys were mailed to 2 samples of adults diagnosed with diabetes. ...

BACKGROUND: Physical exercise alleviates depressive symptoms, as does exposure to bright light, especially in those with seasonal variation. Our objective was to compare the effect of exercise alone or combined with morning bright light on mood and the health-related quality of life in healthy subjects. METHODS: Study subjects were working-age ...

Recommendations for regular exercise have been evident in the nursing literature since the early 1900s. Health professionals and popular media have promoted vigorous exercise for positive health benefits since the 1960s. The concept of exercise as it appeared in the nursing literature during the early part of the 20th century ...

OBJECTIVE: To briefly review biochemical changes that may result from prolonged strenuous exercise and to relate these changes to health risk. METHODS: Medline and Sports Discus databases were searched for relevant articles. Additional articles were found using cross referencing and the authors' knowledge of the subject area. RESULTS: Prolonged strenuous ...

PURPOSE: To determine the behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes of resident physicians regarding exercise counseling. METHOD: In 1997, a self-administered questionnaire was sent to 313 internal medicine resident physicians at six U.S. training programs. Pearson correlation coefficients examined associations between the resident physicians' practices, attitudes, and personal habits. Stepwise multiple linear ...

This study examines current exercise habits and perceived benefits and barriers to exercise in a sample of 147 undergraduate university students. It found a significant relationship between perceived benefits and barriers to exercise and current exercise habits. Benefits most often associated with regular exercise habits relate to physical performance and ...

OBJECTIVE: Mentally ill persons represent a population that is potentially vulnerable to receiving a poorer quality of medical care. This study examines the relationship between mental disorders and the likelihood of receiving recommended nutrition and exercise counseling. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study combining chart-review data and administrative database records. SETTING: One hundred ...

Extensive research on humans suggests that exercise could have benefits for overall health and cognitive function, particularly in later life. Recent studies using animal models have been directed towards understanding the neurobiological bases of these benefits. It is now clear that voluntary exercise can increase levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ...

"Exercise is good for you; you must exercise, and just do it" are common admonitions to fibromyalgia (FM) patients by health professionals. "I can't exercise; I hurt too much to exercise; and, I don't have enough energy to exercise" are equally common responses from patients with FM. Such exchanges can ...

BACKGROUND: Frail elders often have chronic illnesses, such as osteoarthritis, hypertension, diabetes, and peripheral vascular disease, for which exercise is a proven means of achieving nonpharmacologic benefits, even at advanced age. Exercise has been shown to enhance the quality of life for these elders. METHODS: A literature search of exercise ...

This study examined the impact of environmental factors and caregiver attitudes on exercise participation in adults with cerebral palsy using a social-cognitive model. The sample included 83 adults with cerebral palsy (47.0% males and 53.0% females). Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with exercise frequency as the dependent variable. Independent variables ...

Classification of odontogenic tumours is an academic exercise that has developed over the last 150 years. It was not until 1971 when a 5-year collaborated effort, organized by the World Health Organization (WHO), resulted in the first consensus on taxonomy of odontogenic tumours. The appearance of this first authoritative guide ...

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine whether differences existed in self-perceived body image between adults with and without Acquired Mobility Disability (AMD), and whether a relationship existed between exercise and self-perceived body image in adults with AMD. METHOD: Thirty adults with AMD were paired with 30 able-bodied controls and ...

This study sought to determine if overprediction of physical discomfort prior to and following exercise was related to a number of self-report and objective measures of physical health status in a general population sample. Cross-sectional findings indicated a significant and specific relation between patterns of discomfort overprediction (vs under- or ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if older adults are capable and willing to interact with a computerized exercise promotion interface and to determine to what extent they accept computer-generated exercise recommendations. DESIGN AND METHODS: Time and requests for assistance were recorded while 34 college-educated volunteers, equal ...

38 new, women exercisers completed the 1989 Personal Incentives for Exercise Questionnaire-Version 4 by Duda and Tappe to estimate the correlation between age and various motives for exercise. No statistically significant relationship was found between age and scores on the subscales of Health Benefits, Appearance, and Affiliation. A significant negative ...

PURPOSE: To review the literature related to health promotion during the perimenopausal years and suggest methods for integrating those changes into the lifestyles of women in primary care. DATA SOURCES: Selected scientific literature and guidelines for exercise programs. CONCLUSIONS: The transition into perimenopause presents an opportunity for addressing health promotion ...

The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of a 15-week (20 minutes three times per week) home-based aerobic exercise intervention versus usual care on the physical endurance, immune status, and self-reported health status of 99 HIV-infected adults. In the exercise group, there was no improvement in ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether aging African-American women with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus who maintain a regular exercise regimen possess different health beliefs and benefit from greater glycemic control than those who do not exercise regularly. DATA SOURCES: A 32-item health belief model diabetes scale was administered to ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Healthy diet and exercise are recommended for secondary prevention in stroke patients. We examined the prevalence of persons with stroke who received physician advice for, and engaged in, dietary change and exercise, and we also sought to determine whether engaging in these actions was associated with differences ...

The objective of this study was to characterize adults in Olmsted County, MN who were attempting to change both their dietary and physical activity habits. A random digit-dial telephone survey was taken of 1232 adults, with questions about lifestyle, medical conditions, demographics, and receipt of previous lifestyle advice from a ...

Biotechnology (BT) has implications in the diagnosis, treatment/cure and prevention of diseases. Based on BT, a wide range of advanced drugs, diagnostics and vaccines have become available and are integral part of the health care system. Many new imaging and surgical intervention techniques also have great positive impact. However, given ...