Aim: This study examined the effect of intermittent breath holding (IBH) on physiological response, including oxygenation in working muscle, to moderate-intensity exercise. Methods: Thirteen men performed bicycle exercise for 5 min at 65% of peak oxygen uptake with normal breathing (NB) and with IBH. Muscle oxygenation, concentration changes of oxyhemoglobin ...

The aim of our study was to develop a model of high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) using an acute, hypobaric hypoxia environment combined with exhaustive exercise. Forty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a plains control group (PC group) and a plateau altitude hypoxia group (AH group). After ...

The Stroop test was performed before and after ergometer exercise for 15 min at 20, 40, and 60 % of maximum voluntary exercise (EXmax), in order to examine whether dynamic exercise is capable of improving cognitive function and whether the changes in regional cerebral blood flow of the prefrontal cortex are associated ...

BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome is a dynamic bacterial community that interacts with the host and closely relates to human health by regulating energy metabolism and immune functions. Recent reports also point to the role of the gut microbiome in risk assessment to environmental toxicants. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of ...

The Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun), is a highly mobile crustacean that must locomote to find food, evade predators, find mates, and avoid adverse conditions such as hypoxia. In this study we tested the effects of two levels of hypoxia (10.4 kPa, 50% air saturation = moderate hypoxia; 4 ...

The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with resting and exercise-induced hemoglobin oxygen desaturation. The well-established 6-minute-walk test was conducted in 107 sickle cell children (50 with sickle hemoglobin C disease and 57 with sickle cell anemia) at steady state. Hemoglobin oxygen saturation was measured before ...

Altitude training is frequently used by athletes to improve sea-level performance. However, the objective benefits of altitude training are controversial. This study aimed to investigate the possible alterations in hemorheological parameters in response to altitude training. Sprague Dawley rats, were divided into 6 groups: live low-train low (LLTL), live high-train ...

We investigated the effect of hypoxic acclimatization per se, without any concomitant influence of strenuous physical activity on muscle and cerebral oxygenation. Eight healthy male subjects participated in a crossover-designed study. In random order, they conducted a 10-day normoxic (CON) and a 10-day hypoxic (EXP) confinement. Pre and post both ...

Darbepoetin (DAR), with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), has proved effective in treating anemia in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), but its effects on quality of life (QoL) and exercise functioning are less well established. In this phase II study (no. NCT00443339), lower-risk MDS patients with anemia and ...

We calculated the light-absorbing-potential (LAP) of hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) in mammalian skeletal muscle at rest based on analysis of published chemical and morphometric data (Part 1), interpreted changes in total [Hb+Mb] from NIRS during exercise (Part 2), and estimated the potential contribution of Hb and Mb to changes ...

Dyspnoea and decreased exercise tolerance are symptoms of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Anaemia is a risk factor for reduced functional capacity and dyspnoea in stable COPD. There is limited information about the impact of anaemia on functional capacity and dyspnoea of patients during AECOPD. The aim ...

The objective of the study was to investigate whether a blood pressure increase during static exercises might affect the left ventricular function and whether a possible pressure overload might decrease cardio-respiratory adaptation to aerobic exercise in power lifting athletes. Nine resistance-trained athletes and ten age-matched untrained men participated in high ...

Healthy individuals are known to have significantly reduced oxygen saturations at rest when acutely exposed to moderate altitudes, such as during commercial flight. There is a paucity of data on the response of healthy individuals to exercise at these altitudes. The aim of this study was to establish the normal ...

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of treadmill exercise test (TET) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) by comparing the diagnostic conclusions with coronary angiography (CAG). Patients (445) with CHD and suspected CHD underwent TET and CAG, and the corresponding diagnostic conclusions were compared. ...

Few studies have evaluated high altitude headache (HAH) and acute mountain sickness (AMS) in military populations training at moderate (1,500-2,500 m) to high altitudes (>2,500 m). In the current study, researchers interviewed active duty personnel training at Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center. Participants were asked about HAH and AMS ...

BACKGROUND: Physiological aging leads to cardiac autonomic dysfunction, which is associated with the onset and worsening of cardiovascular disease and an increased risk of death. Currently, physical exercise is considered a cardioprotective strategy and more research is needed on its benefit on cardiac autonomic function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the autonomic ...

Context:Low levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) have been linked to systemic inflammation and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Objective:We examined the effects of exercise on sRAGE and its association with diverse cardiometabolic risk factors and indicators of atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM.Design, ...

One of the fundamental biochemical defects underlying the complications of diabetic cardiovascular system is elevation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and its effects on protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. It has been noted that exercise training attenuates poor cardiac performance in type 1 diabetes. However, the role of PKC signaling in exercise-induced ...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the exercise capacity of children with cystic fibrosis to determine whether ventilatory limitation associated with static hyperinflation is related with decreased exercise capacity, thus predisposing these children to arterial hypoxaemia during progressive exercise. METHODS: Thirty-seven children aged 8 - 17 years underwent spirometry, bodyplethysmography and cardiopulmonary exercise ...

Background: Previous studies examining the relationship between exercise dose and post-exercise hypotension (PEH) have employed a limited range of exercise duration and subject age. We extended the dose-response curve by studying two intensities of prolonged exercise that may produce a greater magnitude of PEH and reveal age differences in the ...

The prognostic ability of a single measurement of peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)) is well established in patients with chronic heart failure. The relation between a change in peak VO(2) and clinical outcomes is not well defined. This investigation determined whether an increase in peak VO(2) was associated with a lower ...

OBJECTIVE: Left atrial (LA) function is an important contributor to cardiac function in a variety of disease states and especially with exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of LA function in the left ventricular (LV) filling pressure (E/e') response to exercise and exercise tolerance in ...

Prehypertension is likely to progress to hypertension. The rate of progression is determined mostly by age and resting blood pressure but may also be attenuated by increased fitness. A graded exercise test was performed in 2303 men with prehypertension at the Veterans Affairs Medical Centers in Washington, DC. Four fitness ...

To compare the effects of relaxation practice and other exercise on a multisystem measure of physiologic dysregulation in a national sample of older Taiwanese. The study was a cross-sectional survey. The study was conducted in Taiwan. A population-based sample of 1036 adults aged 53 and older completed an in-home interview ...

Backgroud The oxygen saturation of haemoglobin is reduced in high altitude-living organisms. Increase in the hematocrit is responsible for rise in the hemoglobin concentration so that the oxygen carrying capacity in the hypobaric hypoxic subject is elevated. Objectives To compare two different high altitude populations, in order to study the ...

We studied relationships between age and aerobic capacity in three groups of subjects adhering to different exercise modalities. A total of 203 men aged 20-90 years were examined: 52 speed-power track and field athletes (SP), 89 endurance runners (ER) and 62 untrained individuals (UT). Maximal exercise characteristics were obtained during ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Fatiguing exercises used across studies to induce alterations in postural control are diverse and may explain the different findings reported. This study aimed to compare the effects of two types of fatiguing plantarflexion exercises on postural control on a firm and a compliant surface. Ten healthy young men ...

ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to compare the mechanical impact and the corresponding physiological responses of four different and often practically applied resistance training methods (RTM). Ten healthy male subjects (27.3 ± 3.2 years) experienced in resistance training performed one exhausting set of bench press exercise until exhaustion ...

This study examined the determinants of pacing strategy and performance during self-paced maximal exercise. Eight well-trained cyclists completed two 20-km time trials. Power output, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), positive and negative affect, and iEMG activity of the active musculature were recorded every 0.5 km, confidence in achieving preexercise goals ...

Exercise blood pressure (BP) is an important marker of left ventricular hypertrophy, incident hypertension, and future cardiovascular events. Although impaired vascular function is hypothesized to influence the BP response during exercise, limited data exist on the association of vascular function with exercise BP in the community. Framingham Offspring cohort participants ...

INTRODUCTION: The gold-standard method for the diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is an exercise test combined with spirometry. However, this test is expensive, time consuming and requires specialized equipment and trained personnel. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a fast, easy, noninvasive method for the diagnosis of EIB. The aim of ...

To examine the association between computer use, physical exercise, aging, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging is a population-based study of aging and MCI in Olmsted County, Minnesota. The study sample consists of a random sample of 926 nondemented individuals aged 70 to 93 years ...

We used near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate whether leg and arm skeletal muscle and cerebral deoxygenation differ during incremental cycling exercise in men with type 1 diabetes (T1D, n=10, mean±SD age 33±7 years) and healthy control men (matched by age, anthrometry, and self-reported physical activity, CON, n=10, 32±7 years) to seek ...

BACKGROUND: . Predicting walking outcomes poststroke is a challenge for clinicians. OBJECTIVE: . To identify the extent to which exercise dose (repetitions of leg movements) in the first week of a comprehensive stroke unit stay predicts discharge mobility. METHODS: . A cohort study was conducted on 200 consecutive people admitted ...

In patients with surgically repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), reported peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)) is decreased compared with control subjects. The measurement of exercise cardiac output (CO) could be a useful adjunct for assessing cardiovascular fitness. There are few data assessing noninvasive CO, cardiac index (CI), and stroke volume (SV) ...

The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and physical exercise by unveiling how outcome expectancies regarding exercise and positive exercise experience could mediate between depressive symptoms and exercise. A longitudinal study included 178 cardiac and orthopedic rehabilitation patients in Germany. Patients responded to psychometric ...

Ageing is associated with a functional decline of the oxidative metabolism due to progressive limitations of both O(2) delivery and utilization. Priming exercise (PE) increases the speed of adjustment of oxidative metabolism during successive moderate intensity transitions. We tested the hypothesis that such improvement is due to a better matching ...

This study aimed to quantify the influence of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) via flight time to contraction time ratio (FT:CT) obtained from a countermovement jump on the relationships between yo-yo intermittent recovery (level 2) test (yo-yo IR2), match exercise intensity (HIR m·min and Load™·min) and Australian football (AF) performance.Thirty seven data ...

Marathon running can increase circulating cardiac troponin above the diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction. We determined whether prior-exercise experience (training history) might be related to the magnitude of immediate post-race troponin release following completion of the London Marathon in a group of non-elite runners. Using a prospective study design, 52 ...

This study aimed to examine if the faster pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO(2p) ) phase 2 in children could be explained by increased O (2) availability or extraction at the muscle level. For that purpose, O (2) availability and extraction were assessed using deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) estimated by near-infrared spectroscopy during moderate-intensity ...

Exercise testing can highlight repolarisation abnormalities in adults with coronary artery disease. Late after Kawasaki disease (KD), increased QT dispersion (QTd) has been reported on resting ECG in children, but there are no reported studies of QTd during exercise. Our objective was to determine the pattern of QTd response to ...

By improving spatial and anatomical specificity, localized spectroscopy can enhance the power and accuracy of the quantitative analysis of cellular metabolism and bioenergetics. Localized and nonlocalized dynamic (31) P magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a surface coil was compared during aerobic exercise and recovery of human calf muscle. For localization, a ...

The management of patients with isolated congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) has changed during the last decades. The current policy is to pace the majority of patients based on a variety of criteria, among which is limited exercise capacity. Data regarding exercise capacity in this population stems from previous publications ...

Eur J Clin Invest 2012 ABSTRACT: Background  Monocytes are important mediators in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, but only scarce data are available on biological and methodological factors affecting their levels. Design  Three monocyte subsets, CD14(++)  CD16(-)  CCR2+ (Mon1), CD14(++)  CD16(+)  CCR2(+)  (Mon2), CD14(+)  CD16(+)  CCR2(-) (Mon3), and monocyte-platelet aggregates ...

Studies involving animals and older adults suggest that physical activity (PA) might lead to improved cognitive ability in general, and enhanced intelligence scores (IQ) in particular. However, there are few studies involving young persons and none controlling for the possibility that those with better cognitive skills are more likely to ...

AIM: Endothelial function is a predictor of cardiovascular health and is improved with exercise training. However, it is not clear how exercise acutely affects endothelial function. Previous studies present conflicting results, resulting from varied exercise protocols and ambiguity in data analysis after exercise. The aims of this study were to ...

Background. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an often complication of severe cystic fibrosis (CF); however, data on the presence and impact of pulmonary vasculopathy in adult CF patients with milder disease, is very limited. Aim. To investigate, for the first time, the impact of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PASP) on maximal ...

Recent studies have indicated that exercise before diving significantly reduces the number of circulating bubbles and the risk of decompression sickness. However, the most effective time delay between exercise and dive is not clear; the present aim was to resolve this. In a hyperbaric chamber, 10 men were compressed to ...

Background: Muscle shortening is often present in children with idiopathic scoliosis and may be the object of physiotherapy. Aim of the study: Prospective randomized single-blinded evaluation of hamstring-H, rectus femoris-RF and iliopsoas-IP flexibility in children under the 6-week therapeutic programme consisting of one physiotherapy session per week and daily home ...

Intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) has been shown to induce aspects of altitude acclimatization which affect ventilatory, cardiovascular and metabolic responses during exercise in normoxia and hypoxia. However, knowledge on altitude-dependent effects and possible interactions remains scarce. Therefore, we determined the effects of IHE on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses at different ...