BACKGROUND: The relationships between diet, exercise, and prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. We have previously reported that a "Western" diet promotes PCa tumor growth in vivo. Presently, we report the effects of sustained aerobic exercise on PCa progression in animals fed a high-fat diet versus a standard diet. METHODS: Athymic ...

PURPOSE: Exercise use among patients with cancer has been shown to have many benefits and few notable risks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a home-based walking intervention during cancer treatment on sleep quality, emotional distress, and fatigue. METHODS: A total of 138 patients with ...

Introduction: We investigated the effect of high-intensity exercise on plasma creatine kinase (CK) in persons with muscular dystrophies. Method: Fourteen patients with Becker (BMD), facioscapulhumeral (FSHD), or limb-girdle type 2 (LGMD2) muscular dystrophy, and 8 healthy subjects performed 5 cycling tests: an incremental max test, and tests at 65, 75, ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the susceptibility of elbow flexors (EF) and knee extensors (KE) to eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in older individuals, since ageing could modulate the difference in the susceptibility to muscle damage between muscles. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and cross-over study design. METHODS: Eight older (61.6±1.8 years) adults performed 5 sets ...

The amount of cancer-related information available to the general population continues to grow; yet, its effects are unclear. This study extends previous cross-sectional research establishing that cancer information seeking across a variety of sources is extensive and positively associated with engaging in health-related behaviors. The authors studied how active information ...

To estimate the prevalence and correlates of meeting the public health strength exercise guidelines (≥2 days/week) in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. A random sample of 600 CRC survivors in Alberta, Canada, completed a mailed questionnaire assessing medical, demographic, and behavioral variables and participation in strength exercise. About a quarter (25.5%) ...

BACKGROUND: Recent reviews suggest that enhancing fitness and functional capacity prior to surgery can accelerate post-surgery recovery and reduce mortality. However, the effect of pre-surgical exercise interventions in cancer patients is not fully explained. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the available literature regarding pre-surgery exercise training ...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of a postsurgical, inpatient exercise program on postoperative recovery in operable colon cancer patients METHODS: We conducted the randomized controlled trial with two arms: postoperative exercise vs. usual care. Patients with stages I-III colon cancer who underwent colectomy between January and December ...

BACKGROUND: Exercise is a modifiable lifestyle risk factor associated with prostate cancer risk reduction. However, whether this association is different as a function of race is unclear. In the current study, the authors attempted to characterize the link between exercise and prostate cancer (CaP) in white and black American men. ...

The aim of this study was to determine whether an 8-week period of backward walking (BW) training on the treadmill can improve the gross motor function measure (GMFM), weight-bearing symmetry, and temporospatial gait parameters in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy. Twelve participants aged 5-15 years with spastic cerebral palsy participated ...

PURPOSE: We examined the effects of creatine supplementation on the response to repeated bouts of resistance exercise. METHODS: Young men (24.1 ± 5.2 yr) were divided into Creatine (CM, n = 9) and Placebo (PL, n = 9) groups. On day (D) 1 and D15, subjects performed four sets of ...

Background:Previous research has shown exercise to be an effective method to mitigate many adverse treatment-related effects of androgen suppression therapy (AST) but the potential impact of exercise on sexual activity remains unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to report the effect of a 12-week exercise program on sexual activity ...

PURPOSE: Side effects as a result of breast cancer treatment may have a lasting detrimental impact on quality of life. Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention in post-treatment care. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of breast cancer treatment-related side effects through identifying potential patient ...

OBJECTIVES: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can evaluate how well a particular exercise programme reduces cancer treatment-related side effects. Adequate design and reporting of the exercise prescription employed in RCTs is central to interpreting study findings and translating effective interventions into practice. Our previous review on the quality and reporting of ...

Natural Killers (NK) cells are unique innate immune cells that increase up to fivefold in the circulating blood with brief exercise and are known to play a key role in first-response defense against pathogens and cancer immunosurveillance. Whether exercise alters NK cell gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression is not known. ...

Significant progress has been made in the field of exercise-oncology research over the past two decades. As the field continues to forge ahead, it is time to reflect on past accomplishments in order to inform and define the critical unanswered questions postulated to have the largest impact on the field ...

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) has side effects that significantly impair health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Exercise ameliorates many side effects of ADT but different modalities, particularly in the home-based setting, have not been well-studied. In this study we randomly assigned 66 PCa survivors receiving ADT to ...

To the Editor: Basaria and Bhasin (Sept. 6 issue)(1) report that men with prostate cancer who are receiving androgen-deprivation therapy have multiple adverse events. The authors included follistatin and irisin between the main targets of investigation to prevent and treat the metabolic side effects associated with androgen-deprivation therapy. It has ...

To the Editor: Basaria and Bhasin (Sept. 6 issue)(1) report that men with prostate cancer who are receiving androgen-deprivation therapy have multiple adverse events. The authors included follistatin and irisin between the main targets of investigation to prevent and treat the metabolic side effects associated with androgen-deprivation therapy. It has ...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To examine research findings regarding predictors of adherence to exercise programmes in cancer populations. BACKGROUND: Cancer patients are advised to participate in daily exercise. Whether they comply with the recommendations for physical activity or not remains unclear. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Empirical articles published ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility and efficacy of delivering Pilates exercises for resistance training to breast cancer survivors using the MVe Fitness Chair™. DESIGN: Pilot randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Twenty-six female breast cancer survivors were randomized to use the MVe Fitness Chair™ (n=8), traditional resistance training (n=8), or a control ...

CONTEXT: Exercise benefits patients with cancer, but studies of home-based approaches, particularly among those with Stage IV disease, remain small and exploratory. OBJECTIVES: To conduct an adequately powered trial of a home-based exercise intervention that can be facilely integrated into established delivery and reimbursement structures. METHODS: Sixty-six adults with Stage ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effectiveness of an 8-week aquatic program on cancer-related fatigue, as well as, physical and psychological outcomes in breast cancer survivors. DESIGN: A randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinic, urban, academic medical center and a sport university swimming ...

PURPOSE: Little research has addressed exercise and nutrition-based interventions for cancer caregivers. This study explored cancer caregivers' perceptions of participating in a structured exercise and nutrition program alongside cancer survivors for whom they provided care. METHODS: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted by one interviewer with 12 cancer caregivers about their ...

Wheat gluten hydrolysate (WGH) is reported to suppress the muscle injuries associated with exercise in long distance running and weight training. In the present study, we investigated the effects of WGH consumption on suppression of muscle injury after soccer training in a double-blind crossover study. Immediately after a mini soccer ...

Exercise training efficiently improves peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) in patients with chronic heart failure. To optimize training-derived benefit, higher exercise intensities are being explored. The correct identification of anaerobic threshold is important to allow safe and effective exercise prescription. During 48 cardiopulmonary exercise tests obtained in patients with chronic heart ...

Cancer-related fatigue is recognised as an important symptom associated with cancer and its treatment. A number of studies have investigated the effects of physical activity in reducing cancer-related fatigue. This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library (2008, Issue 1). The original review ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the immediate effects of the high-pitched blowing vocal exercise. METHODS: This is a comparative observational study. Participants were 46 women with ages between 25 and 45 years, who were divided into two groups: 23 individuals with vocal complaint (VCG), and 23 without vocal complaint (WVCG). The procedures ...

Cancer and its treatments produce a myriad of burdensome side effects and significantly impair quality of life (QOL). Exercise reduces side effects and improves QOL for cancer patients during treatment and recovery. Exercise prior to, during, and after completion of cancer treatments provides numerous beneficial outcomes. Exercise represents an effective ...

It has been recently shown in the literature that a robust output feedback controller for the heart rate regulation can be designed for an experimentally validated second order nonlinear model of the human heart rate response during longduration treadmill exercises: it is based on piecewise linear approximations of the original ...

Despite major advances in our understanding of 'systolic' heart failure, at present the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapy of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) is poorly understood, in large part because of the lack of robust and widely accepted diagnostic criteria. Although there is a good evidence ...

In this study, we sought to assess the cardiopulmonary functions in three pediatric heart transplant recipients, two of whom are with dilated cardiomyopathy, whereas one is with cyanotic heart disease, in early postoperative period. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed using an incremental cycling at 1 mo after surgery. The results ...

To investigate the exercise barriers, facilitators and preferences of a mixed sample of cancer survivors as well as fatigue levels, quality of life (QoL) and the frequency and intensity of exercise that cancer survivors typically engage in. An anonymous, postal questionnaire-survey with a convenience sample of 975 cancer survivors was ...

With the aging of the population and advances in acute treatment of ischemic events and surgical techniques for coronary artery and valvular heart disease, the prevalence of heart failure has been increasing. Lifestyle modifications are an integral part of preventing and treating most pathologic human conditions, and include behavioral modifications, ...

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation sustain a significant lower exercise tolerance compared to those in sinus rhythm, even while seemingly in adequate rate-control. Methods: Exercise testing was performed during atrial fibrillation and after electric cardioversion for 30 patients who were initially treated with AV modifying agents and were considered in ...

Background: Although predictive value of heart rate recovery (HRR) has been tested in large populations, the reproducibility of HRR in treadmill exercise test has not been assessed prospectively. This prospective study examined whether HRR index has test-retest stability in the short term. Methods: A total of 52 healthy volunteers without ...

Background: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in adults. Screening for abnormalities by using resting or exercise electrocardiography (ECG) might help identify persons who would benefit from interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk. Purpose: To update the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force evidence review on screening for ...

Exercise intolerance is the primary symptom of chronic diastolic heart failure. It is part of the definition of heart failure and is intimately linked to its pathophysiology. Further, exercise intolerance affects the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure. In addition, understanding the mechanisms of exercise intolerance can lead to developing ...

In many sports, regular cardiac screening for exercise-associated sudden cardiac death is still not provided. To set up the current situation in top-skilled handball players qualified for the 2010 European Handball Championship in Austria, a standardised questionnaire was sent to every team. The fact that only 42.7% of the players ...

Cardiac events are responsible for a significant proportion of recreational diving fatalities. It seems inescapable that our current systems for selecting suitable recreational diver candidates and for longitudinal monitoring of diver health are failing to exclude some divers at high risk of cardiac events. Based on review of practice in ...

This paper identified and reviewed technological adjuncts to increase client adherence to therapy. Three areas of adherence were identified, namely treatment dropout and non-attendance, engagement during and between therapy sessions, and aftercare. Database searches were conducted in each of these areas to identify relevant studies published between the years of ...

The convergence of the exponential advances in virtual reality (VR)-enabling technologies with a growing body of clinical research and experience has fueled the evolution of the discipline of clinical VR. This article begins with a brief overview of methods for producing and delivering VR environments that can be accessed by ...

Multiple studies have shown that the exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) is less accurate for predicting ischemia, especially in women, and there is additional evidence to suggest that heart size may affect its diagnostic accuracy. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise ECG based on ...

This study examined the feasibility of using Skype^TM technology in basic manikin intubation instruction of Nebraska National Air Guard personnel at a Casualty Training Exercise. Results show that the Skype^TM monitor provided clear sound and visualization of the airway view to the trainees and the combination of VoIP technology and ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the heart rate response to exercise and the exercise-induced improvements in muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate response between normal-weight and overweight/obese postmenopausal women. Sedentary women (n = 155) were divided into normal-weight (n = 79; BMI <25 kg/m²; 58.3 + ...

Limited research documents if new and existing interactive computer gaming "exergaming" increase energy expenditure and cardio-respiratory costs comparable to common exercise modalities. To address this, healthy male volunteers (n = 15) completed six by 12-min test elements: PlayStation2 (PS2(hand)), Nintendo Wii boxing, walk at 5.6 km h(-1), cycle at 120 W, playing an adapted lower ...

There is no consensus on the amount of exercise necessary to improve pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function. We reviewed the pathophysiology of PFM dysfunction and the evolution of PFM training regimens since Kegel introduced the concept of pelvic floor awareness and the benefits of strength. This paper also describes the ...

To examine the neuromuscular responses to 60 minutes of self-paced high-intensity exercise punctuated with 6 × 1-minute "all-out" sprints at 10-minute intervals in moderate (19.8°C, SEM 0.3) and warm (33.2, SEM 0.1), humid (∼64% relative humidity) conditions with either complete hydration (CH) or without hydration (NF). Seven subjects (mean age ...

The combined metabolic and thermoregulatory demands of exercise in the heat place an exceptional burden on the circulation, more than can be met through cardiac output and blood flow redistribution. Blood flow to muscle is not reduced by heat stress in exercise and cardiac output is insufficient to meet competing ...

Energicer is a new solution which purportedly increases evaporative cooling during exercise in the heat. To evaluate the effect of Energicer on performance during indoor rowing in a warm environment. Eighteen highly trained rowers (age 23.3 ± 6.7 y, height 181.3 ± 6.0 cm, mass 76.7 ± 5.0 kg, peak ...