Proteinuria after strenuous exercise is common in healthy subjects. The pathophysiologic mechanism of postexercise proteinuria (PEP) is not clear, although the phenomenon has long been known and many explanatory theories have been proposed. It is widely recognized that angiotensin II may increase filtration of protein through the glomerular membrane, and ...

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is secreted through the coronary sinus of the human heart. The purpose of this study was to determine whether BNP secretion from the heart is stimulated by exercise and to examine the relationship between pulmonary arterial BNP concentrations and hemodynamic measurements, especially cardiopulmonary hemodynamics, during exercise ...

Six nontrained mares were subjected to steady-state, submaximal treadmill exercise to examine the effect of exercise on the plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in arterial, compared with mixed venous, blood. Horses ran on a treadmill up a 6 degree grade for 20 minutes at a speed calculated to ...

A study was undertaken to examine the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril on exercise performance in 18 patients with major impairment of left ventricular systolic function. The study was a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, and patients received treatment with either once-daily lisinopril (2.5-10 mg) or placebo for a ...

The role of the prostaglandin (PG) and renin-angiotensin hormonal systems in exercise-induced proteinuria following 30 min of submaximal, steady-state exercise was evaluated. Eight healthy males performed cycle ergometry at 75% of VO2peak on three occasions after the administration of a placebo (PLACEBO), a prostaglandin inhibitor (indomethacin, INDO), and an angiotensin ...

We have previously reported a fivefold increase of plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) compared with normal subjects. However, given the marked increase of ANF under basal conditions, the extent to which ANF secretion can further increase under physiological stress is not been clarified ...

Resting subjects risk cardiac arrest if plasma potassium ([K+]p) is raised rapidly to 7-9 mM, but brief bouts of exhaustive exercise in healthy subjects can give similar [K+]p without causing cardiac problems. We investigated the effects of [K+]p and catecholamines on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean aortic flow (MAF) ...

The levels of several regulatory peptides were measured in peripheral plasma samples from individuals with chronic cardiac failure (CCF) and matched controls in both the resting state and during a short period of maximal exercise. Basal levels of noradrenaline (NA; 705 +/- 114 vs 195 +/- 54 ng.l-1; mean +/- ...

To evaluate the role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in exercise-related cardiovascular and hormonal adjustments in hypobaric conditions, 14 young athletes performed a maximal ergometer test in a hypobaric chamber adjusted to simulate the altitudes of sea level and 3,000 m. Plasma immunoreactive ANP levels rose from 5.89 to 35.1 ...

A placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study was undertaken in 10 normal subjects to examine the effects of arotinolol (10 mg bid), a nonselective beta blocker with alpha-blocking activity, on exercise capacity and hormone levels during exercise after a 2-week treatment period. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and blood lactic acid concentration ...

Peak exercise capacity (Peak VO2), neurohormonal changes, ventricular enlargement and ejection fraction are among the most important determinants of prognosis in congestive heart failure. However, the inter-relation between these parameters is unknown. We, therefore, correlated these indices in patients with hemodynamically severe congestive heart failure (NYHA class II, pulmonary artery ...

Atriopulmonary anastomosis results in a chronic right atrial pressure-volume overload. Water and salt retention is a frequent clinical observation in patients after atriopulmonary anastomosis. The purpose of this study was to examine if this could be related to an inability to increase already elevated circulating atriopeptin (ANP) in response to ...

1. Treadmill testing was done and plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured during exercise and recovery in 21 patients with coronary artery disease given nicorandil. 2. Epinephrine levels during exercise did not change significantly with nicorandil, but the percent change in epinephrine with nicorandil tended to be lower during exercise. ...

1. In adipose slices of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) produced a significantly higher lipolytic response (increased Vmax and decreased Km) as compared to norepinephrine (NE), thus indicating a marked difference with human adipose tissue. 2. Exercise-training caused a significant increase in the affinity of the lipolytic ...

The norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) responses to forearm ischemia were studied in 24 myasthenic patients and 22 subjects with lumbar disc disease (control group). In some of these myasthenic (11 cases) and control (11 cases) subjects the NE and E responses to orthostasis were also investigated. In controls both ...

In patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) an increased pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), a raised plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and a correlation between increasing PAP and increasing plasma ANP have been shown. Furthermore, a negative correlation between lung function and PAP has been reported, and ...

The effects of 100 mg ibopamine, an orally active aselective dopamine (DA) agonist, on plasma catecholamines was evaluated in 8 healthy men during sympathetic stimulation by graded exercise in a single-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. The exercise consisted of progressive cycling activity less than or equal to 90% of the previously ...

1. This study examined whether brain and atrial natriuretic peptides (BNP, ANP) are secreted together through the coronary sinus from the heart, and whether plasma concentrations of BNP and ANP were affected by ergometric exercise in patients with essential hypertension. The effects of temocapril, a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ...

Plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) increase with exercise but the reproducibility of their response to short-term serial exercise testing has not been established. Therefore, NE and E were measured at rest, 6 minutes, peak exercise, and 5 minutes postexercise in 10 normal subjects undergoing three identical exercise tolerance tests ...

Six men (X = 27.3 yr) ran at 60%, 70% and 80% of maximal oxygen consumption on separate days for 30 minutes to determine exercise intensity effects on 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha/TXB2 ratios. At rest, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was 384 +/- 68.3 pg/ml; TXB2 was 147 +/- 55.6 pg/ml; ...

A recent study on stable, hypoxemic, COLD patients in which ANP was stimulated by LBPP demonstrated that in these individuals elevation of ANP does not exert a "normal" suppressing effect on the PRA-PA axis. Accordingly, we exercised ten comparable COLD patients, another maneuver known to stimulate ANP and to elicit ...

To determine whether acute myocardial ischaemia induced by dynamic exercise can lead to changes in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor, we performed symptom-limited bicycle electrocardiographic tests in 20 males with recent acute myocardial infarction and in 8 control males. Ten patients developed exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and 10 patients did ...

Previous in vitro studies showed that epinephrine stimulation can induce atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) release only form the right atrium but not from the left. In addition, sinus node has been shown to play an important role in the release of ANF. In vitro studies were done in isolated left ...

It is known that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is synthesized, stored and released from the myocytes of mammalian heart, but the role of cardiac autonomic nerves in triggering the release of ANP has not been fully assessed. We have therefore measured plasma ANP concentrations in the right atrium and the ...

Experiments were carried out on 32 Nembutal anaesthetized mongrel dogs from both sexes. After 45 min control period unilateral renal ischemia was achieved by clamping the left renal artery for 90 min. In part of the experiments (n = 8) after clamp removal 3 consecutive 45 min periods were performed. ...

In addition to its natriuretic, hormonal and vascular actions, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) may interact importantly with the function of the autonomic nervous system. It has been hypothesized that ANF may exert its cardiovascular and possibly renal effects by interfering with autonomic control mechanisms. In, animal experiments the hypotension that ...

Norepinephrine (NE) and ATP are thought to be neurotransmitters involved with contractions of the mouse vas deferens (MVD) in vitro. The EC50 values of exogenously administered NE and ATP were 5.16 +/- 1.37 and 315.32 +/- 221.18 microM, respectively. Contractions of MVD induced by electrical field stimulation were blocked by ...

Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI), norepinephrine (NE), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DOPEG), the intraneuronal metabolite of NE, were measured in superfusate before, during, and after electrical stimulation (ES) of nerves and in the tissue extract of dog pulmonary artery after in vitro superfusion. Vessels were stimulated at 12, 6, or 1 Hz. NE ...

BACKGROUND: Intravenous infusion of atrial natriuretic peptide has been shown to cause bronchodilatation in patients with asthma and endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide is known to rise with exercise. Whether an aberration in release of atrial natriuretic peptide is concerned in the pathogenesis of exercise induced bronchoconstriction has not been studied. ...

Effects of norepinephrine (NE, 10(-6) M), epinephrine (E, 10(-6) M), and vehicle on coronary blood flow (CF), oxygen consumption, and lactate release were compared in 32 isolated rat hearts during 5 min of ventricular fibrillation (VF). After VF, tissue concentrations of ATP, AMP, creatinine phosphate (CP), and lactate were measured. ...

Short-term exercise has been associated with increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor, a potent dilating and natriuretic hormone. In this study, the effect of exercise training on atrial natriuretic factor release during short-term exercise was investigated in men without a history of cardiovascular or other major disease. A well ...

Recently two peptides consisting of amino acids (aa) 1 to 30 and 31 to 67 of the N-terminus of the 126 aa prohormone of atrial natriuretic factor (proANF), as well as atrial natriuretic factor (ANF, aa 99 to 126; C-terminus), were found to have vasodilatory and natriuretic properties. These peptides, ...

This study evaluates the release of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) during maximal exercise in 7 patients with untreated moderate to severe hypertension with invasive monitoring of hemodynamic characteristics in relation to sympathetic activity. Peripheral venous ANF (fmol/ml) was determined at rest and maximal exercise producing a respiratory exchange ratio of ...

A tomographic method of measuring electrical impedance known as Applied Potential Tomography (APT) has been used to image the impedance changes within the thoraxes of 8 healthy volunteers (4 male, 4 female) during 4-h periods of 6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT). A large decrease in impedance, reflecting an increase in ...

Cocaine and exercise are both known as stressors, but little is known about the combined effects of these two treatments. In this study, rats under the influence of cocaine (12.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [IP]) or saline were exposed to a variety of resting conditions, as well as exercise (running, 26 m/min, ...

The hypotensive action of beta-adrenoreceptor blockers is not fully understood, there being a lack of studies focusing on possible relationships between beta-blockers and the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). In 10 patients with essential hypertension, we investigated the influence of betaxolol, a selective beta 1-adrenergic blocking agent, on renal ...

This study determined the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on cardiac interstitial fluid adenosine concentration [( ADO]isf). Isolated guinea pig hearts were perfused with a Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution. Radiolabeled albumin, sucrose, and adenosine were injected under control conditions and after 3 and 20 min of NE infusion to obtain multiple indicator ...

Persistent atrial standstill is a very rare pathophysiologic condition whose diagnosis is established when both electrical and mechanical silence of the atria are confirmed. To test the hypothesis that secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide is disturbed in patients with persistent atrial standstill, the response of atrial natriuretic peptide secretion and ...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretory function is preserved after cardiac transplantation. Thirteen hemodynamically stable outpatients performed supine exercise on a bicycle an average of 7 months after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Right atrial pressure increased 2.2-fold (6 +/- 1 to 13 +/- ...

Dog saphenous vein strips were incubated with [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE), 1.4 microM, after inhibition of the NE-metabolizing enzymes and extraneuronal uptake, and superfused for up to 290 min. From the 70th min onwards the strips were exposed to 10 microM ouabain, some of them being subject to electrical stimulation from the ...

This investigation examined and compared the role of cyclic nucleotides in the mediation of internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation caused by the addition of neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). The studies were performed in vitro on smooth muscle strips of opossum IAS. The relaxation produced ...

Effects of graded supine dynamic exercise (30, 60, and 80-90% of maximal physical capacity, i.e., work loads of 69, 132, and 188 W) on renal vascular resistance (RVR); renal sympathetic nerve activity [assessed by the renal venous overflow of norepinephrine (NE)]; renal overflows of dopamine (DA), immunoreactive neuropeptide Y (NPY-LI), ...

The plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide were determined before, at the end of exercise performed on a bicycle ergometer at constant 200-W for 10 minutes, and at 30 minutes after the end of test in 8 clinically healthy male subjects. The results show that plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels ...

In a randomized study in 26 elderly patients with mild essential hypertension, acute effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade on plasma ANP levels were examined at rest and during ergometric exercise. Plasma ANP level and LVEF were measured before and after administration of prazosin (an alpha 1-adrenergic blocker), atenolol (a ...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac transplantation (CT) causes total cardiac denervation. METHODS AND RESULTS: To test directly for sympathetic reinnervation in humans, we measured the cardiac release of norepinephrine (NE) in response to tyramine (an agent that causes NE release from intact sympathetic nerve terminals) and sustained handgrip exercise (a reflex sympathetic stimulus) ...

The effect of manual teat stimulation (milking paradigm) on release of oxytocin, epinephrine and norepinephrine was studied in (1) 15 heifers at 100, 150, 200 and 250 d of gestation and at 30 and 90 d of lactation (during machine milking) and (2) simultaneously in six heifers at less than ...

The exercise-induced increase in plasma atriopeptin (ANP) has been related to exercise intensity. The independent effect of duration on the ANP response to dynamic exercise remains incompletely documented. The purpose of this study was to describe the time course of plasma ANP concentration during a 90-min cycling exercise protocol and ...

Previous work indicates that the magnitude and direction of renal responses to exercise depend on the exercise intensity. To examine mechanisms responsible for these findings, renal and hormonal responses were studied in eight healthy male subjects (29.6 +/- 1.9 yr) before and immediately after four 20-min bouts of submaximal exercise ...

Resting blood volumes and arterial and central venous pressures (CVP) were measured in 14 men before and after exercise training to determine whether training-induced hypervolemia is accompanied by a change in total vascular capacitance. In addition, resting levels of plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), aldosterone (Ald), and ...

The role of peptides from the N-terminus and C-terminus of the 126 amino acid (a.a.) atrial natriuretic factors (ANF) prohormone in modulating renal sodium and water handling in cirrhotic patients has not been defined. Eight cirrhotic individuals were evaluated; their mean basal circulating concentration of the C-terminus (a.a. 99-126; i.e., ...