The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of a single session of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins in women who were sedentary and obese. Women (n = 12) who were premenopausal, sedentary, and obese (body mass index, 30-40 kg·m(-2); waist circumference > 88 cm) completed exercise and control trials ...

The majority of football players succumb to fatigue towards the end of the game. This study was designed to examine the influence of protein coingestion with carbohydrate (CHO) vs. an isocaloric CHO supplement on subsequent running capacity towards the end of a simulated football match. Six male amateur football players ...

To investigate the immediate effects of bilateral upper-extremity sanding exercises on conduction and morphologic characteristics of the median and ulnar nerves at the wrist in hemiparetic subjects and control subjects. Case control study using a pretest-post-test design. Inpatient rehabilitation department affiliated with a teaching hospital. PATIENTS (OR PARTICIPANTS): Thirty hemiparetic ...

Doping with anabolic agents is regulated within a number of sports. Testosterone and its functional analogs are popular compounds for increasing muscle mass, physical performance, recovery, and reducing body fat. While routine tests for anabolic drugs exist (e.g. hair, urine, and blood analysis), the aim of the present study is ...

OBJECTIVE: Stress and heart failure are associated with increased systemic levels of chromogranin A (CGA). Here we analyzed the effects of marathon running on systemic CGA levels and the association with cardiac burden and stress. METHODS: We recruited 47 lean and obese runners for a 10week training program aiming at ...

C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant, is associated with systemic inflammation. Many studies have demonstrated that CRP levels have important prognostic implications for patients. For example, individuals with elevated CRP levels have an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The JUPITER study showed that reducing CRP levels can mitigate this ...

The aim was to examine the acute and delayed effects of exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness on elbow target movements (TM) performance and control. Ten males performed an exercise of 50 maximal eccentric elbow actions. TMs were performed at three movement ranges. Maximal forces, active stretch reflex and TM were ...

A growing body of evidence shows the prognostic value of oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) parameter derived from the logarithmic relationship between O(2) consumption (VO(2)) and minute ventilation (VE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). To evaluate the prognostic value of a new CPET ...

: Treadmill-walking training (TWT) as an intervention to improve the gait of frail older adults has not been well studied. In this pilot study, we describe the feasibility, tolerance, and effect of TWT on specific gait parameters during overground walking in 4 frail older adults as a prelude to developing ...

It is known that exercise induces cardio-respiratory autonomic modulation. The aim of this study was to assess the cardio-pulmonary fitness by ultra-short heart rate variability. Study population was divided into 3 groups: Group-1 (n = 40) consisted of military sports man. Group-2 (n = 40) were healthy age-matched sedentary male ...

The aim of this study was to compare acute affective responses at exercise intensities based on the ventilatory threshold between normal weight, overweight, and obese women. 66 sedentary women (22 in each Body Mass Index group) performed a maximal graded treadmill test to measure their maximal oxygen uptake and ventilatory ...

Background: Regular resistance exercise completed for a number of weeks has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of diabetes related complications. However, the acute responses to resistance exercise have not been adequately investigated in relation to training frequency. Aim: To investigate the changes to insulin sensitivity ...

Burnett, A, Wee, WK, Xie, W, Oh, PW, Lim, J, and Tan, K. Levels of muscle activation in strength and conditioning exercises and dynamometer hiking in junior sailors. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-Although strength and conditioning exercises have been prescribed to enhance performance and prevent injury in sailors, ...

Background: Several studies suggested that exercise training might improve myocardial perfusion by inducing coronary vascular adaptations or enhancing collateralization. However, these findings were obtained in patients with chronic coronary artery disease using thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. We evaluated whether a long-term exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) started early (9 ± 3 ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Birth weight plays an important role in infant mortality and morbidity, childhood development, and adult health. To date there are contradictory results regarding the role of physical activity on birth weight. In addition, it is questioned whether exercise during second and third trimesters of pregnancy might affect gestational ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The study was planned to assess effect of physical exercise on bone remodeling in type I diabetics with osteopenia. METHODS: Twenty-four type I diabetes mellitus (DM1) with osteopenia (10 females and 14 males) were compared to thirty-eight age- and sex-matched healthy control individuals (20 females and 18 males) ...

BackgroundIndividualized exercise instruction on a regular basis may be desirable for people with Huntington disease (HD). Sustained interventions, however, may not be the most feasible for lifelong disease management. It is critical, therefore, for physical therapists to find ways to facilitate engagement in independent exercise programs. The capabilities of DVD ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 500 μg roflumilast taken once daily for 12-weeks on airway physiology during rest and exercise in patients with moderate to severe COPD.This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in 250 patients with a post-bronchodilator FEV1 30-80 %predicted and ...

Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise affects the stereometric parameters representing optic nerve head (ONH) topography. Methods:  ONH topography, intraocular pressure (IOP) and blood pressure of 30 healthy volunteers were monitored before, during and after dynamic exercise raising systolic blood pressure by a minimum of ...

This study examined the effect of 12 weeks of small-sided street soccer (2.2 ± 0.7 sessions/week) and fitness center training (0.5 ± 0.2 sessions/week) on physical fitness and cardiovascular health profile for homeless men. Exercise capacity, maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)), body composition (DXA scans), blood pressure (BP), and blood lipid profile were determined before and ...

Although a considerable amount of published literature exists on the ergogenic potential of ingesting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) prior to short-term, high intensity exercise, very little exists on optimal loading times prior to exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of NaHCO3 supplementation timing on repeated sprint ...

The purpose of the present study was to describe the match-play demands of professional female rugby players competing in Rugby Sevens matches. Time-motion analyses (global position system) were performed on 12 elite female rugby players during 5 competitive matches in a 2-day international tournament. Data revealed that players covered an ...

ObjectiveTo characterise the physical fitness of mountain rescue (MR) volunteers and the physical demands of a typical MR callout.MethodsEight MR volunteers (age ± SD: 45.5 ± 8.9 years) completed a laboratory-based treadmill exercise test to exhaustion. One week later subjects completed a field-based simulated callout to retrieve a casualty by ...

Cardiovascular and musculoskeletal deconditioning occurring in long-term spaceflight requires new strategies to counteract these adverse effects. We previously reported that a short-arm centrifuge produced artificial gravity (AG), together with ergometer, has an approving effect on promoting cardiovascular function. The current study sought to investigate whether the cardiac and cerebrovascular functions ...

The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of a new handgrip exercise protocol measuring forearm oxygenation in 20 healthy subjects on two occasions. The retest took place 48 h later and at the same time of the day. The incremental exercise consisted of 2 min steps of cyclic handgrip ...

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults, calling for the development of alternative medicine techniques to help improve sleep quality in this population. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a Baduanjin exercise program on sleep quality in Taiwanese elderly. DESIGN: A ...

There has been much investigation into the use of music as an ergogenic aid to facilitate physical performance. However, previous studies have primarily focused on pre-determined music and aerobic exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-selected music (SSM) vs. no music (NM) on mood ...

Objectives. The present study explored factors that underpin increased internalization (i.e., perceived autonomy) in motivation towards exercise over a 1-year period in adolescent girls. Design. A mixed methods prospective study. Methods. A total of 107 girls (mean age = 13.28 years) reported their exercise behaviour, exercise goals, and a multidimensional measure of motivation ...

Conflicting findings have been reported regarding muscle damage with low-intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) by pressure cuffs. This study investigated muscle function and muscle fibre morphology after a single bout of low-intensity resistance exercise with and without BFR. Twelve physically active subjects performed unilateral knee extensions at ...

Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH), characterized by decline in arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO(2)), is a common phenomenon in endurance athletes. Acute intensive exercise is associated with the generation of reactive species that may result in redox status disturbances and oxidation of cell macromolecules. The purpose of the present study was to ...

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms for people with Parkinson's disease. Exercise may modify fatigue. This study examines prescribed exercise effects on physical activity levels, well-being, and fatigue in Parkinson's disease. METHODS: In this single-blinded trial, participants were randomly assigned to either a 12 week community ...

Foundation trusts (FTs) have been a central part of the government's National Health Service (NHS) reforms in England since 2004. They illustrate the government's claim to decentralization, by granting greater autonomy to high performing organizations. The number of FTs has grown steadily, reaching 131 in September 2010, over 50% of ...

Repeated administration of methamphetamine (mAMPH) to rodents in a single-day "binge" produces long-lasting damage to dopaminergic and serotonergic terminals. Because previous research has demonstrated that physical activity can ameliorate nigrostriatal injury, the present study investigated whether voluntary exercise in rats can alter the monoaminergic damage resulting from a neurotoxic mAMPH ...

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, leading to accumulation of phenylalanine and its metabolites. Clinical features of PKU patients include mental retardation, microcephaly, and seizures. Oxidative stress has been found in these patients, and is possibly related to neurophysiopatology of PKU. Regular exercise can leads to adaptation ...

Abstract Objective. To investigate the ability of salivary osmolality to assess dehydration while subjects perform alternating work/rest cycles in personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods. Eight healthy men (mean ± standard deviation age: 23.5 ± 4.9 years; body fat: 17.8% ± 5.0%; maximum volume of oxygen consumption [VO(2max)]: 57.2 ± 5.5 ...

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for the early assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness in general adult intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and to characterize the pathophysiology of exercise limitation in this population. METHODS: Fifty general ICU survivors (ventilated for ≥5 ...

The roles of local metabolites in reactive and exercise hyperemia remain incompletely understood. A maximum metabolic stimulus caused by ischemic exercise (IE) could potentially fully activate all vasodilator pathways and limit potential redundancy amongst vasoactive substances. We tested the hypotheses that IE elicits a reproducible hyperemic response in the forearm ...

Purpose: To examine the effect of a home orofacial exercise program on increasing oral aperture among adults with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Method: Forty-eight adults with SSc were assigned randomly to the multifaceted oral-health intervention or usual dental care control group. Participants with an oral aperture of <40 mm in the intervention ...

Background and Purpose. This study investigated the cardiopulmonary response and safety of exercise testing at peak effort in people during the chronic stage of stroke recovery. Methods. This retrospective study examined data from 62 individuals with chronic stroke (males: 32; mean (SD); age: (12.0) yr) participating in an exercise test. Results. ...

AbstractBackground. Physical exercise can improve cancer patients' functioning and reduce their symptom levels. A randomized, controlled trial was launched to test the hypothesis that physical exercise reduces fatigue and improves physical performance in cancer patients with advanced and incurable disease.Methods. Cancer patients (n = 231) with a life expectancy ≤2 ...

BACKGROUND: Seabuckthorn (SBT) leaves have significant antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to assess the anti-fatigue, antioxidant and tissue-protective properties of aqueous lyophilised extracts of SBT dried leaves in the hearts of Wistar male rats undergoing exhaustive physical exercise. Doses of 50, 200 and 800 ...

It is increasingly recognized that the location of excess adiposity, particularly increased deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is important when determining the adverse health effects of overweight and obesity. Exercise therapy is an integral component of obesity management, but the most potent exercise prescription for VAT benefit is unclear. ...

Background: Chronotropic response to exercise and heart rate recovery immediately after exercise (HRR(1) ) are valid prognostic markers in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to evaluate heart rate profile during and after exercise in CHF patients early after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of on-duty death in United States firefighters. Accurately assessing cardiopulmonary capacity is critical to preventing, or reducing, cardiovascular events in this population. METHODS: A total of 83 male firefighters performed Wellness-Fitness Initiative (WFI) maximal exercise treadmill tests and direct peak VO2 ...

PURPOSE:: As cross country sprint competitions rely on maximal effort durations of ~ 3 min, a significant anaerobic energy contribution is expected. Anaerobic energy production during supramaximal exercise has been estimated in different sports from the accumulated oxygen deficit (ΣO2-deficit), but to date, not in cross country skiing. Therefore, this ...

PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) improves quality of life in kidney cancer survivors (KCS), but PA participation rates are low. Behavior change interventions to increase PA in KCS should take into account PA preferences. The purpose of this study was to identify the PA preferences of KCS and determine any associations ...

Weighted backpacks are used extensively in recreational and occupational settings, yet their effects on lung mechanics during acute exercise is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different backpack weights on lung mechanics and breathing patterns during treadmill walking. Subjects (n = 7, age = 28 ± 6 years), completed two ...

The purpose of this study was to compare resistance exercise training (RT) to aerobic exercise training (AE) on the clinical risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in physically inactive overweight males (age 27-48 years). Subjects with at least one risk factor for MetSyn performed RT (n = 13, age 35.1 ± 4.7 years, BMI 31.2 ± 2.7 kg/m(2)) or ...

PURPOSE: To assess the ability of co-occurrence matrix-based texture parameters to detect exercise load-associated differences in MRI texture at the femoral neck cross-section. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 91 top-level female athletes representing five differently loading sports and 20 referents participated in this cross-sectional study. Axial T1-weighted FLASH and ...

This study examines the exercise habits and perceived barriers to exercise of a convenience sample of 300 commercial truck drivers. Participants reported minimal amounts of exercise, with nearly 20% not exercising in the past week. A high prevalence of obesity was found in this sample: 93.3% of study participants had ...