ABSTRACT: The articles in this special issue represent the culmination of about 15 years working with the potential of the web to support chemical and related subjects. The selection of papers arises from a symposium held in January 2011 ('Visions of a Semantic Molecular Future') which gave me an opportunity ...

In patients with more severe COPD the benefits of rehabilitation might be less clear and therefore new treatment options have been developed to increase the benefits of rehabilitation. This paper provides an overview of new approaches being developed as an adjunct to exercise training. Successively the benefits of adding ventilatory ...

This commentary focuses on the issues of statistical power, the usefulness of hypothesis-free approaches such as in genome-wide association explorations, the necessity of expanding the research beyond common DNA variants, the advantage of combining transcriptomics with genomics, and the complexities inherent to the search for links between genotype and phenotype ...

BACKGROUND: Cancer cachexia is a syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle protein, depletion of lipid stores, anorexia, weakness, and perturbations of the hormonal homeostasis. Despite several therapeutic approaches described in the past, effective interventions countering cancer cachexia are still lacking. METHODS: The present work was aimed to verify the ...

Researchers have yet to reach a consensus on the definition of excessive exercise, and many questions remain about the relationship between excessive exercise and eating disorders. Understanding of excessive exercise may be furthered by adoption of a broader, dimensional perspective. The current qualitative (grounded theory) study explored the continuum of ...

Segerström, AB, Holmbäck, AM, Elzyri, T, Eriksson, KF, Ringsberg, K, Groop, L, Thorsson, O, and Wollmer, P. Upper body muscle strength and endurance in relation to peak exercise capacity during cycling in healthy sedentary male subjects. J Strength Cond Res 25(5): 1413-1417, 2011-The aim of this study was to investigate ...

Sex differences in sympathetic neural control during static exercise in humans are few and the findings are inconsistent. We hypothesized women would have an attenuated vasomotor sympathetic response to static exercise, which would be further reduced during the high sex hormone (mid-luteal, ML) vs. the low hormone phase (early follicular, ...

To investigate the effects of heavy strength training on the mean power output in a 5-min all-out trial following 185 min of submaximal cycling at 44% of maximal aerobic power output in well-trained cyclists. Twenty well-trained cyclists were assigned to either usual endurance training combined with heavy strength training [E+S; n=11 ...

Beaven, CM, Gill, ND, Ingram, JR, and Hopkins, WG. Acute salivary hormone responses to complex exercise bouts. J Strength Cond Res 25(4): 1072-1078, 2011-The combination of resistance and plyometric training, or complex training, may yield greater functional gains than either method alone. As steroid hormones respond to exercise stimuli and ...

Vaginismus is defined as recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina, which interferes with coitus and causes distress and interpersonal difficulty. In this report, we describe the successful treatment of vaginismus in a 25-year-old lady based on a model proposed by Keith ...

Lee, S, Islam, MM, Rogers, ME, Kusunoki, M, Okada, A, and Takeshima, N. Effects of hydraulic-resistance exercise on strength and power in untrained healthy older adults. J Strength Cond Res 25(4): 1089-1097, 2011-The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of hydraulic-resistance exercise (HDRE) in improving strength and ...

Cadore, EL, Pinto, RS, Alberton, CL, Pinto, SS, Lhullier, FLR, Tartaruga, MP, Correa, CS, Almeida, APV, Silva, EM, Laitano, O, and Kruel, LFM. Neuromuscular economy, strength, and endurance in healthy elderly men. J Strength Cond Res 25(4): 997-1003, 2011-Declines in muscular strength resulting from reduced neural activity may influence the ...

It is well documented that increasing effort during exercise is characterized by an increase in electromyographic activity of the relevant muscles. How aging influences this relationship is a matter of great interest. In the present study, nine young and 24 elderly subjects did repetitive hopping with maximal effort as well ...

Vaiksaar, S, Jürimäe, J, Mäestu, J, Purge, P, Kalytka, S, Shakhlina, L, and Jürimäe, T. No effect of menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on endurance performance in rowers. J Strength Cond Res 25(x): 000-000, 2011-The aim of this study was to examine whether variables commonly used in aerobic ...

Gomes, TM, Simão, R, Marques, MC, Costa, PB, and da Silva Novaes, J. Acute effects of two different stretching methods on local muscular endurance performance. J Strength Cond Res 25(3): 745-752, 2010-The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of the static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) ...

Ruiz, RJ, Simão, R, Saccomani, MG, Casonatto, J, Alexander, JL, Rhea, M, and Polito, MD. Isolated and combined effects of aerobic and strength exercise on post-exercise blood pressure and cardiac vagal reactivation in normotensive men. J Strength Cond Res 25(3): 640-645, 2011-The purpose of this study was to examine blood ...

Little is known about the influence of exercise on induction and elicitation phases of in-vivo immunity in humans. We used experimental contact-hypersensitivity, a clinically relevant in-vivo measure of T cell-mediated immunity, to investigate the effects of exercise on induction and elicitation phases of immune responses to a novel antigen. The ...

Miarka, B, Del Vecchio, FB, and Franchini, E. Acute effects and postactivation potentiation in the special judo fitness test. J Strength Cond Res 25(2): 427-431, 2011-The purpose of this study was to compare the acute short-term effects of () plyometric exercise, () combined strength and plyometric exercise (contrast), and () ...

Alberty, MR, Potdevin, FP, Dekerle, J, Pelayo, PP, and Sidney, MC. Effect of stroke rate reduction on swimming technique during paced exercise. J Strength Cond Res 25(2): 392-397, 2011-The purpose of this study is to analyze the acute adaptations of motor organization subsequent to a reduction in spontaneous stroke rate ...

Lenti, M, De Vito, G, Scotto di Palumbo A, Sbriccoli, P, Quattrini, FM, and Sacchetti, M. Effects of aging and training status on ventilatory response during incremental cycling exercise. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aging and training status ...

The main aim of this study was to determine the absolute temporal relationship between the power and recovery phases of the stroke cycle in front crawl swimming in response to progressive changes in exercise intensity that occurred before and after critical speed. A second objective was to determine whether intensity-related ...

Abstract Background: Increasing cardiovascular fitness through exercise participation among sedentary people is important for decreasing all-cause mortality. From an intervention perspective, identifying modifiable factors that maximize the successful initiation of exercise is of utmost importance. For women, cyclic hormonal variations can influence aspects of health and health behaviors, from smoking ...

Estradiol (E(2)) has been documented to have anti-inflammatory effects on the immune system. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), is classified as a "myokine", and has known metabolic consequences. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of menstrual phase and exercise on the interaction of E(2) and IL-6, and the ...

Computer-based approaches can add great value to the traditional paper-based approaches for cognitive rehabilitation. The management of a big amount of stimuli and the use of multimedia features permits to improve the patient's involvement and to reuse and recombine them to create new exercises, whose difficulty level should be adapted ...

The loss of lean muscle mass and muscle strength is a common problem in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Endurance training is efficient in improving patient exercise capacity. This study sought to evaluate the additional effects of strength training on muscle strength and body composition in chf patients participating in ...

The aim of this investigation was to use a validated lactate minimum test protocol and evaluate whether blood lactate responses and the lactate minimum power are influenced by the starting power (study 1) and 1 min inter-stage rest intervals (study 2) during the incremental phase. Study 1: 8 subjects performed ...

This study was to investigate the effects of vibration exercise on the oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate variability (HRV) during the recovery phase after exhaustive exercise. Twenty male college students volunteered as subjects to participate in the study. The subjects were randomly crossover assigned to perform three 10 min ...

Reduction in exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has been partially attributed to decreased muscle strength. Training studies reported important variations in strength increases during rehabilitation, ranging between 5% and 70% and depending on the measurement technique: isokinetic dynamometry or the one-repetition maximum (1RM) methods. Therefore, the ...

The addition of fructose (F) to a glucose (G) supplement may modify the metabolic response during exercise; however, its effect on perceived exertion (PE) and its influence on postprandial metabolism have not been jointly studied in different types of exercise. This study sought to assess the acute effects of F ...

The limited strength model posits that self-regulatory strength is a finite, renewable resource that is drained when people attempt to regulate their emotions, thoughts or behaviours. The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-regulatory depletion can explain lapses in exercise effort, planning and adherence. In a lab-based experiment, ...

The purposes for this study were to investigate effects of acute whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure and exercise order on bat speed and to examine relationship between muscular strength and bat speed. All participants were recreationally trained men (n = 16; 22 ± 2 years; 181.4 ± 7.4 cm; 84.7 ± ...

The aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of menstrual cycle phase on substrate oxidation and lactate concentration during exercise. Eleven eumenorrheic female rowers (18.4 ± 1.9 years; 172.0 ± 4.0 cm; 67.2 ± 8.4 kg; 27.7 ± 4.8% body fat) completed 1 h rowing ergometer exercise at 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2max)) during two different phases of the ...

The use of elastic bands in resistance training has been reported to be effective in increasing performance-related parameters such as power, rate of force development (RFD), and velocity. The purpose of this study was to assess the following measures during the free-weight back squat exercise with and without elastic bands: ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of exercise order on strength and muscle volume (MV) after 12 weeks of nonlinear periodized resistance training. The participants were randomly assigned into 3 groups. One group began performing large muscle group exercises and progressed to small muscle group exercises ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between 1-repetition maximum (1RM) performed on hammer strength (HS) machines compared to free weights (FWs) and also to develop regression equations that can accurately predict 1RM when switching from exercise modality to another. Thirty-one trained male subjects performed ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between squat loads and 2 bilateral and 2 unilateral stepping lower-body exercises in predominantly unilateral movement elite athletes (Karate). Equations to predict loads for lower-body exercises based on the squat load were also determined. Fourteen male elite Karate athletes (age ...

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of a program of resistance training in water-based exercises (RWE) with those of a program without resistance control in water-based exercises (WEs). Twenty-seven women (aged 60-74 years) were randomly assigned to the RWE group (n = 10), WE group ...

The purpose of this article was to investigate the relation between anthropometric and physiological variables to linear bat swing velocity (BV) of 2 groups of high-school baseball players before and after completing a 12-week periodized resistance exercise program. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 training groups using a ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Swiss-ball core strength training on trunk extensor (abdominal)/flexor (lower back) and lower limb extensor (quadriceps)/flexor (hamstring) muscular strength, abdominal, lower back and leg endurance, flexibility and dynamic balance in sedentary women (n = 21; age = 34 ± 8.09; ...

An inertial kinetic exercise (IKE, Oconomowoc, WI, USA) machine was created that permits high-velocity workouts suited for injury rehabilitation and speed development in athletes. In addition, its design does not entail the movement of resistance against Earth's gravitational pull. Thus, the design and operation associated with the IKE may be ...

It has been recommended that the intensity of exercise training (ET) should progress slowly with lower increments in older than in young people. However, scientific evidence supporting this recommendation is lacking. Our aim was to examine possible influences of age on exercise intensity progression in healthy women. Seventeen young (29.1 ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the acute effects on volume load (VL) (load × repetitions) of performing paired set (PS) vs. traditional set (TS) training over 3 consecutive sets. After a familiarization session 16 trained men performed 2 testing protocols using 4 repetition maximum loads: TS (3 ...

The side-lying hip abduction exercise is one of the most commonly used exercises in rehabilitation to increase hip abduction strength, and is often performed without external loading. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks of side-lying hip abduction training, with and without external loading, ...

An essential exercise for strength training of the lower limbs is the squat exercise. During this exercise, changes in lumbar lordosis are commonly used to indicate when the descent of the squat should cease, yet the behavior of the lumbar-scarum segments remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to ...

We determined the effectiveness of low-volume resistance exercise (EX) for the attenuation of loss of muscle mass and strength during leg immobilization. Men (N = 5) and women (N = 12, age 24 ± 5 years, body mass index 25.4 ± 3.6 kg/m(2)) were divided into two groups: exercise (EX; ...

The aim was to compare the effect of 2 differing 10-week resistance training programs on the peak power (PP) output, muscle volume, strength, and throwing velocity of the upper limbs in handball players during the competitive season. The subjects were 26 men (age 20.0 +/- 0.6 years, body mass 85.0 ...

Weightlifting training and competition involves lifting a revolving shaft bar loaded with weights. The design of a bar and the location of the weights result in bar deformation during lifting tasks. Because there are many manufacturers of weightlifting bars, the actual deformation of a bar may vary, depending on the ...

To study cardiovascular behavior and safety regarding a low-intensity exercise program for heart transplant candidates with severe heart failure. Twenty-one patients with severe heart failure on the transplant list of the UNIFESP university hospital (Brazil) were studied. Following evaluation, the patients were monitored during an exercise program with six progressive ...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of different vibration magnitudes via feet on the number of repetitions performed, mean velocity, and perceived exertion during a set of elbow-extension exercise to failure (70% 1 repetition maximum [1RM] load). Twenty recreationally active students (14 men and 6 women) ...

This study aimed to investigate the role of elastic resistance (ER) applied "in series" to a pulley-cable (PC) machine on the number of repetitions performed, kinematics parameters, and perceived exertion during a biceps-curl set to failure with a submaximal load (70% of the 1 repetition maximum). Twenty-one undergraduate students (17 ...