ABSTRACT: Patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) often present strong exercise intolerance and muscle weakness. However, the role of exercise training in this disease has not been investigated. this longitudinal case study reports on the effects of exercise training on a 7-year-old patient with JDM and on her unaffected monozygotic twin ...

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of different between-set rest interval durations on muscle strength after 12 weeks of resistance training. After baseline tests, 34 nonresistance trained college-aged men were matched and randomly assigned to 2 groups. Both groups trained twice a week and performed the ...

PURPOSE: To establish the feasibility and effectiveness of a community-based exercise programme for ambulatory patients with stroke discharged from rehabilitation. METHOD: Eighteen participants were recruited 3-12 months after onset of first stroke. Using a time series experimental design, the group completed a baseline period of 4 weeks (A1), a group ...

Resistance training interventions aimed at increasing lower-body power and rates of force development have produced varying results. Recent studies have suggested that whole-body low-frequency vibration (WBLFV) may elicit an acute postactivation potentiation response, leading to acute improvements in power and force development. Potentially, the use of WBLFV between sets of ...

BACKGROUND: With the increase in the elderly population, a growing number of chronic degenerative diseases and a greater dependency on caregivers have been observed. Elderly persons in states of frailty remain more susceptible to significant health complications. There is evidence of an inverse relationship between plasma levels of inflammatory mediators ...

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effects of high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) and high-intensity cycling (cycling) on muscle performance and the time course of strength gains in a chronic stroke population. METHODS: Forty-eight individuals with chronic stroke sequelae (mean +/- SD; age = 63 +/- 9 yr, time since stroke ...

We compared Glycine Propionyl-L-Carnitine (GlycoCarn(R)) and three different pre-workout nutritional supplements on measures of skeletal muscle oxygen saturation (StO2), blood nitrate/nitrite (NOx), lactate (HLa), malondialdehyde (MDA), and exercise performance in men. Using a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design, 19 resistance trained men performed tests of muscular power (bench press throws) and ...

A relatively new and scarcely researched technique to increase strength is the use of supplemental heavy chain resistance (SHCR) in conjunction with plate weights to provide variable resistance to free weight exercises. The purpose of this case study was to determine the actual resistance being provided by a double-looped versus ...

Myostatin is a catabolic regulator of skeletal muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resistance training for 8 weeks in conjunction with creatine supplementation on muscle strength, lean body mass, and serum levels of myostatin and growth and differentiation factor-associated serum protein-1 (GASP-1). In ...

We examined effects of 21 weeks of strength and/or endurance training and nutrition on serum hormones and physical fitness in 39-64-year-old women. Subjects (n=79) were randomized into the endurance group (E), strength group (S), combined group (SE) and controls (C). Total body strength training and high-intensity bicycle training were used. ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of two school-based RT programs to improve muscular fitness and body composition in adolescents. METHODS: The study was conducted in Australia from July 2008 to June 2009. Participants [n=108, mean age (SD)=15.0 (0.7) years] were randomized to ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of heavy strength training on thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), determinants of cycling performance, and cycling performance in well-trained cyclists. Twenty well-trained cyclists were assigned to either usual endurance training combined with heavy strength training [E + S; n = ...

To prevent falls in Japan, both gait and resistance training of the lower extremities are recommended. However, resistance training for the elderly induces muscle damage. Recently, aquatic exercise using water buoyancy and resistance have commonly been performed by the elderly. We have now produced new water-resistance equipment. The purpose of ...

To determine the most effective periodization model for strength and hypertrophy is an important step for strength and conditioning professionals. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of linear (LP) and daily undulating periodized (DUP) resistance training on body composition and maximal strength levels. Forty men aged ...

The main objective of this study was to establish whether a stable measurement of strength could be obtained without prior exercise familiarization in postmenopausal women who were overweight or obese. A second objective was to evaluate the influence of physical activity on the variability of strength measurement. Thirty postmenopausal women ...

Coingestion of D-pinitol with creatine (CR) has been reported to enhance creatine uptake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether adding D-pinitol to CR affects training adaptations, body composition, whole-body creatine retention, and/or blood safety markers when compared to CR ingestion alone after 4 weeks of resistance training. ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of heavy/slow movements and variable resistance training on peak power and strength development. Forty-eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes (age: 21.4 +/- 2.1 years, all men) were recruited for this 12-week training intervention study. Maximum strength and ...

Resistance and endurance training are often performed concurrently in most exercise programs and in rehabilitative settings in an attempt to acquire gains in more than 1 physiologic system. However, it has been proposed that by simultaneously performing these 2 modes of exercise training, the strength gains achieved by resistance training ...

It may be that resistance exercise can be used to prevent the degenerative processes and inflammation associated with ageing. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on cytokines, leptin, resistin, and muscle strength in post-menopausal women. Thirty-five sedentary women (mean age 63.18 ...

The objective of this study was to examine the chronic effects on strength and power of performing complex versus traditional set training over eight weeks. Fifteen trained males were assessed for throw height, peak velocity, and peak power in the bench press throw and one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in the bench ...

There is little evidence that home-based muscle training through exercise improves the muscle strength and QoL of elderly osteoporotic women. The efficacy of home-based daily exercise on muscle strength of the upper and lower extremities and QoL were examined in elderly osteoporotic women by means of a case-controlled study that ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Studies that have attempted to address the influence of exercise programs on muscle strength have usually analyzed single exercise training types. They have not often addressed multicomponent exercise interventions that combine strength, flexibility, balance and aerobic training. The aim of the present study was to assess and ...

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that lower extremity progressive resistance training (PRT) can improve muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to evaluate whether the improvements are maintained after the trial. METHODS: The present study was a 2-arm, 12-week, randomized controlled trial including a poststudy ...

The support scale at ring height, the swallow, is a difficult strength element, usually performed in gymnastics. Coaches try to simulate the swallow position during training to strengthen muscles, specifically in the position used for competition. However, the real effect of this position's simulation on muscle force and coordination and ...

In older persons with and without cardiovascular disease, muscular strength and endurance contribute to functional independence and quality of life, while reducing disability. Aging skeletal muscle responds to progressive overload through resistance training. In men and women, strength improves through neuromuscular adaptation, muscle fiber hypertrophy, and increased muscle oxidative capacity. ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of an eccentric resistance exercise training protocol in men with prostate cancer and to assess whether men with prostate cancer who are receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have a blunted effect from the training as compared with prostate cancer survivors not receiving ADT. DESIGN: Prospective ...

ESRD produces a chronic catabolic state that results in significant skeletal muscle atrophy, weakness, and physical dysfunction. Any intervention that can ameliorate this process can significantly improve quality of life. Some studies have shown that endurance exercise training, even at low intensities, may exhibit anabolic effects and improved physical function. ...

This study examined Identity Theory hypotheses about identity-behaviour consistency. Exercise-identity strength and judgments about consistency were hypothesized to relate to perceptions of percent consistency and frequency of vigorous exercise. Identity strength and percent consistency were hypothesized to interact in their relationship with affective reactions to extent of consistency. Measures of ...

Limited data have suggested that the consumption of fluid milk after resistance training (RT) may promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to assess whether a milk-based nutritional supplement could enhance the effects of RT on muscle mass, size, strength, and function in middle-aged and older men. ...

The purpose of the current study was to compare different rest interval durations on upper and lower body strength. Thirty-six recreationally trained men were randomly assigned to 1 min (G1; n=12), 3 min (G3; n=12) or 5 min (G5; n=12) rest interval groups. Each group performed the same resistance training ...

Spaceflight and bed rest (BR) result in loss of muscle mass and strength. This study evaluated the effectiveness of resistance training and vibration-augmented resistance training to preserve thigh (quadriceps femoris) and calf (triceps surae) muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), isometric contractile speed, and neural activation (electromyogram) ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of exercise order on the tonic and phasic characteristics of upper-body muscle activity during bench press exercise in trained subjects. The preexhaustion method involves working a muscle or a muscle group combining a single-joint exercise immediately followed by a ...

The purpose of this study was to explore the dose-response relationship between resistance exercise intensity and cognitive performance. Sixty-eight participants were randomly assigned into control, 40%, 70%, or 100% of 10-repetition maximal resistance exercise groups. Participants were tested on Day 1 (baseline) and on Day 2 (measures were taken relative ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves exercise tolerance and muscle strength in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and in patients after cardiac surgery. However, the association between exercise tolerance and muscular strength following CR and the comparison of relationships among various disease categories has not been fully ...

It is theorized that the force and velocity profile of a repetition performed during a standard barbell exercise may be altered by substituting suspended chains for some portion of the total resistance. The purpose of this study was to document the alterations in lifting velocity that occur when the bench ...

This study assessed the effect of different resistance exercise scheme (RES) designs of similar total of load lifted on the responses of testosterone, cortisol, and creatine kinase (CK). Twenty-seven healthy males performed 1 of 4 bench press workouts described by the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) load: 4 sets of maximum ...

The abdominals are vital to activities of daily living, for the prevention of lumbar pathologies, and during sport performance. The purpose of this study was to determine if training without external resistance was a sufficient overload to improve abdominal strength as defined by peak force. Seventy-one healthy men and women ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of two types of resistance training protocols on the adaptation of skeletal muscle strength in older men. Thirty-seven healthy male subjects (50-64 years) participated in this study. Subjects were assigned to one of three groups: high-intensity (80% 1-RM) ...

Previous studies attempted to compare the effectiveness of isokinetic and isotonic training. However, they have provided conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of isotonic versus isokinetic standardized concentric strength training programs of the knee extensors on the neuromuscular system. The standardization of these two ...

AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate if there are differences in salivary hormonal responses to resistance exercise between long-term strength-trained and untrained men. METHODS: Twenty-eight subjects were recruited to this study, matched into a strength-trained group (SG, N=13) and an untrained group (UG, N=15). Upper and ...

Understanding how loading affects power production in resistance training is a key step in identifying the most optimal way of training muscular power - an essential trait in most sporting movements. Twelve elite male sailors with extensive strength-training experience participated in a comparison of kinematics and kinetics from the upper ...

Knee extensor muscle strength and metabolism were examined in endurance trained young versus master athletes (10 elderly: 62.5+/-4.1 yr and 10 young: 26.2+/-2.4 yr). Before and immediately after a resistance strength training (RST), subjects performed a maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) and a 10-min cycling test at a same relative ...

This study was designed to assess the effects of strength training on work capacity and parasympathetic heart rate modulation during exercise in physically inactive men. Seventy-four men aged 20-45 were randomly assigned to training (n=52) and control (n=22) groups. Training groups underwent 10-weeks of progressive strength training. Body composition, one-repetition ...

The aim of this study was to determine the importance of muscular strength and power on a muscular endurance performance test. Fourteen firefighter recruits performed a progressive resistance test (PRT) followed by a specific maximum repetition test (MRT40) on the bench press exercise with measurements of power, strength, and muscular ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a preoperative exercise intervention on knee pain, functional ability, and quadriceps strength among patients with knee osteoarthritis before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was used to compare 2 groups over 4 data ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether pretreatment magnitude of quadriceps activation (QA) helps predict changes in quadriceps strength after exercise therapy in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that subjects with lower magnitudes of QA (greater failure of muscle activation) would have smaller gains in strength compared with those with higher ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether changes in muscle strength due to 32 weeks of supervised aquatic training predicted improvements on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS: Thirty women with FM aged 50.8 +/- 8.7 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15), performing 3 weekly sessions of 60 ...

Bat swing velocity is an important characteristic of successful hitters in baseball and softball. The purpose of this literature review is threefold. First, before describing what components and training methods have been investigated to improve bat swing velocity, it is necessary to discuss the importance of bat swing velocity and ...

The purpose of our study was to compare strength gains after 12 weeks of nonperiodized (NP), linear periodized (LP), and nonlinear periodized (NLP) resistance training models using split training routines. Twenty-seven strength-trained men were recruited and randomly assigned to one of 3 balanced groups: NP, LP, and NLP. Strength gains ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of performing a heavy resistance exercise (HRE) protocol on the mechanical variables during a series of bilateral hops. In a block-randomized design, 10 strength trained men performed an HRE or a control treatment before performing 5 series of ...