ABSTRACTBackground: Balance exercise is an important component of falls-prevention interventions, with growing evidence that it can be beneficial for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, to implement a balance exercise program successfully for people with AD it is important to consider factors that can affect commencement and adherence to the ...

to compare the blood pressure and oxygen consumption (VO2) responses between pregnant and non-pregnant women, during cycle ergometer exercise on land and in water. ten pregnant (27 to 29 weeks of gestation) and ten non-pregnant women were enrolled. Two cardiopulmonary tests were performed on a cycle ergometer (water and land) ...

Stroke is the most common cause of complex disability in the community. Physical fitness is often reduced after stroke, but training can improve fitness and function. UK and international stroke clinical guidelines recommend long-term exercise participation for stroke survivors. However, there has been no previous research into what services are ...

The pervasive public health message is that moderate amounts of endurance exercise help maintain optimal health and reduce cardiovascular risk. While not enough people meet national physical activity guidelines, there are some at the opposite end of the activity spectrum who far exceed the recommended 'dose' of exercise. The cardiovascular ...

This study tests the effects of affective and health-related outcome expectancies on physical exercise, assuming stronger direct and indirect (via intention) effects from affective outcome expectancy to physical exercise than from health-related outcome expectancy to exercise. Physical exercise and social cognitive variables were assessed at baseline, and 6- and 12-month ...

Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese form of conditioning exercise derived from martial arts and rooted in eastern philosophy and Chinese Medicine. Based on the inter-relatedness of mind, body and spirit this form of exercise focuses on producing an inner calmness which is thought to have both physical and psychological ...

To document the prevalence of obese Mexican-Americans never advised by health professionals regarding exercise and diet, and to determine risk factors for no advice. Data came from 1787 obese Mexican-American adults (body mass index ≥30; age ≥18 years) in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. The survey included self-reported receipt of ...

This article describes the development and refinement of a not-for-profit, community-based exercise program, the Cancer Foundation For Life (CFFL), designed to improve quality of life (QOL) for persons with cancer, regardless of type or stage of disease. Beginning in 2001, policies and procedures were developed, and personnel were hired and ...

Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000, Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. New York: Plenum Publishing) highlights the impact autonomy supportive environments can have on exercise motivation and positive health outcomes. Yet little is known about whether differential effects occur as a function of which significant other is providing ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a preferred- versus a prescribed-intensity exercise session on pain in women with fibromyalgia (FM). Twenty-one women with FM (mean age = 44 yr) completed two randomly assigned exercise sessions consisting of 20 min of cycle ergometry at a self-selected ...

Falls affect a significant number of older Australians and present a major challenge to health care providers and health systems. The purpose of this statement is to inform and guide exercise practitioners and health professionals in the safe and effective prescription of exercise for older community-dwelling people with the goal ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Young people with first episode psychosis are at an increased risk for a range of poor health outcomes. In contrast to the growing body of evidence that suggests that exercise therapy may benefit the physical and mental health of people diagnosed with schizophrenia, there are no studies to ...

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases from rest to ∼60% of peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) and thereafter decreases towards baseline due to hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and subsequent cerebral vasoconstriction. It is unknown what happens to CBF in older adults (OA), who experience a decline in CBF at rest coupled with a blunted ...

We tested the hypothesis that short-term exercise-heat acclimation (EHA) attenuates hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation in humans exercising in a hot environment. Twenty-one male subjects were divided into the two groups: control (C, n = 11) and EHA (n = 10). Subjects in C performed exercise-heat tests [cycle exercise for ~75 min at 58% [Formula: see text] (37°C, ...

PURPOSE:: To investigate the influence of prior heavy- and severe-intensity exercise on the oxygen uptake (V˙O2) kinetics and the power-duration relationship. METHODS:: Ten cyclists performed 13 exercise tests over a 4 week period, consisting of a ramp test to determine the gas exchange threshold (GET) and the peak V˙O2, followed ...

In 2002, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists published exercise guidelines for pregnancy, which suggested that in the absence of medical or obstetric complications, 30 minutes or more of moderate exercise a day on most, if not all, days of the week is recommended for pregnant women. However, these ...

Redox-sensitive stress kinases and heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) have been considered to be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in skeletal muscle. However, the effect of exercise training in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic models is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...

Exercise training confers sustainable protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in animal models and has been associated with improved survival following a heart attack in humans. It is still unclear how exercise protects the heart, but it is apparent that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) play a role. ...

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease resulting in a permanent, localized enlargement of the abdominal aorta. We previously hypothesized that the progression of AAA may be slowed by altering the hemodynamics in the abdominal aorta through exercise [Dalman, R. L., M. M. Tedesco, J. Myers, and C. A. ...

BACKGROUND: The rate of transient dilatation can be determined by exercise testing or pharmacological stress test. It is unknown whether the type of stress has an impact on average transient dilatation index values. OBJECTIVE: To compare average transient dilation index values in 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy in patients undergoing treadmill stress test, ...

OBJECTIVES:: To investigate the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in soccer players with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB), to test whether these endogenous vasoactive molecules are involved in the development of EIB, and to examine the possible participation of reactive oxygen metabolites in these alterations. DESIGN:: Observational study. SETTING:: ...

Peak exercise myocardial perfusion was evaluated in patients with D-transposition of the great arteries 12 years after the arterial switch operation (SWITCH) to evaluate coronary perfusion. Gas-exchange measurements were used to assess cardiac limiting factors to exercise capacity in SWITCH patients when compared to healthy gender-matched controls (CON). Peak myocardial perfusion ...

ABSTRACT: Mitchell, JB, Phillips, MD, Yellott, RC, and Currie, LM. Resistance and aerobic exercise: The influence of mode on the relationship between IL-6 and glucose tolerance in obese young men. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-Regular exercise lowers indicators of disease risk including some inflammatory cytokines; however, the relationship ...

Individuals with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype (ALP) characterized by increased levels of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles tend to have greater adiposity compared to unaffected subjects. We sought to determine whether this may be related to alterations in energy substrate partitioning or efficiency. These were assessed by indirect calorimetry ...

The aim of this investigation was to establish whether changes in oxidative stress and endothelial function following acute aerobic exercise are dose-dependent. Ten healthy trained men completed four exercise sessions: 50% VO(2peak) for 30 min (moderate intensity moderate duration, MIMD), 50% VO(2peak) for 60 min (moderate intensity long duration, MILD), 80% VO(2peak) ...

Exercise is assumed to have a positive effect on migraine. However, none of the few studies on this topic can prove the expected positive influence of exercise. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to develop a training program suitable for migraine patients and to examine its effect on ...

PURPOSE: Acute antioxidant supplementation may modulate oxidative stress and some immune perturbations that typically occur following prolonged exercise. The aims of the present study were to examine the effects of acutely consuming dark chocolate (high polyphenol content) on plasma antioxidant capacity, markers of oxidative stress and immunoendocrine responses to prolonged ...

Objective Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is defined as acute, reversible bronchoconstriction induced by physical exercise. It is widely believed that EIB occurs after exercise. However, in children with asthma the time to maximal bronchoconstriction after exercise is short, suggesting that the onset of EIB in such children occurs during exercise. Aim ...

: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute bouts of moderate- and high-intensity walking exercise on nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) in overweight and obese adults. : Sixteen participants performed a single bout of either moderate-intensity walking exercise (MIE) or high-intensity walking exercise (HIE) on two ...

This study investigated the effects of regular consumption of dark chocolate (DC), rich in cocoa polyphenols, on plasma metabolites, hormones, and markers of oxidative stress after prolonged exhaustive exercise. Twenty active men cycled at 60% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) for 1.5 hr, with the intensity increased to 90% VO2max for ...

The consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) has been reported to decrease resting heart rate (HR) and increase heart rate variability (HRV). However, the effects of n-3 PUFAs on these variables in response to a physiological stress (e.g., exercise or acute myocardial ischemia), particularly in post myocardial infarction ...

Abstract Purpose: Masked hypertension (MH) independently predicts mortality but cannot be diagnosed from clinic blood pressure (BP) taken under resting conditions. We sought to determine if MH could be identified from BP taken during a single bout of low-intensity exercise. Methods. BP was recorded at rest and during brief low-level ...

Sympathetic vasoconstriction is blunted in contracting human skeletal muscles (functional sympatholysis). In young subjects, infusion of adenosine and ATP increases blood flow, and the latter compound also attenuates α-adrenergic vasoconstriction. In patients with type 2 diabetes and age-matched healthy subjects, we tested 1) the sympatholytic capacity during one-legged exercise, 2) ...

Rosa JS, Oliver SR, Flores RL, Ngo J, Milne GL, Zaldivar FP, Galassetti PR. Altered inflammatory, oxidative, and metabolic responses to exercise in pediatric obesity and type 1 diabetes. Obesity (Ob) and type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress, which are major pathogenetic pathways toward ...

INTRODUCTION:: Peak oxygen uptake (Vo2) is prognostic for morbidity and mortality. Estimating aerobic capacity during traditional exercise stress testing is common as it has been shown that total treadmill time on the Bruce protocol predicts peak Vo2. However, the potential to overestimate peak Vo2 exists and may have clinical implications ...

Hypoxia during exercise augments blood flow in active muscles to maintain the delivery of O(2) at normoxic levels. However, the impact of hyperoxia on skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise is not completely understood. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the hyperemic response to forearm exercise during hyperbaric hyperoxia would ...

Besides dyspnea relief, an improvement in locomotor muscle oxygen delivery may also contribute to enhanced exercise tolerance following normoxic heliox administration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether blood flow redistribution from intercostal to locomotor muscles contributes to this improvement, currently remains unknown. Accordingly, the objective of this ...

Bradykinin can enhance skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU), and exercise increases both bradykinin production and muscle insulin sensitivity, but bradykinin's relationship with post-exercise insulin action is uncertain. Our primary aim was to determine if the B2 receptor of bradykinin (B2R) is essential for the post-exercise increase in GU by insulin-stimulated ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of creatine supplementation on homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism after acute aerobic and anaerobic exercise. A total of 112 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: aerobic exercise (A), aerobic exercise plus creatine supplementation (ACr), anaerobic exercise (An), and anaerobic exercise plus ...

To investigate whether exercise-induced changes of the E/E' average ratio can detect high-burden coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest pain and normal left ventricular (LV) systolic function. The study population consisted of 359 patients admitted for chest pain (59.8 ± 9.8 years, 75% male). Patients underwent exercise echocardiography, scintigraphy and coronary ...

OBJECTIVE: Earlier studies have shown that hypertensive or hypotensive blood pressure (BP) response during a preoperative treadmill exercise test in patients with peripheral arterial disease is associated with a two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. However, it is unknown if these patients also experience an increased perioperative complication ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate influence of Bone Marrow Stem Cells (BMSC) intracoronary infusion on exercise capacity, pulmonary function, heart rate recovery and SAECG in patients with AMI of anterior wall, compared to control group - from baseline in the acute phase during 12months follow up. METHODS: Forty five patients were randomized ...

Greer, BK and Jones, BT. Acute arginine supplementation fails to improve muscle endurance or affect blood pressure responses to resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-Dietary supplement companies claim that arginine supplements acutely enhance skeletal muscular endurance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute arginine ...

BACKGROUND: The combination of adenosine infusion with low-level exercise has become a common approach for inducing stress during stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). We investigated stress MPI performed by combined low-level exercise and adenosine infusion. This combined protocol can decrease adverse reactions and reduce the effect of scattered rays from ...

In this study, we examined the correlations between selected markers of isometric training intensity and subsequent reductions in resting blood pressure. Thirteen participants performed a discontinuous incremental isometric exercise test to volitional exhaustion at which point mean torque for the final 2-min stage (2min-torque(peak)) and peak heart rate peak (HR(peak)) ...

Lipids are important substrates for oxidation at rest and during exercise. Aerobic exercise mediates a delayed onset decrease in total and VLDL-triglyceride (TG) plasma concentration. However, the acute effects of exercise on VLDL-TG oxidation and turnover remain unclear. Here, we studied the acute effects of 90 min of moderate-intensity exercise ...

Aim:  The major aim of the present investigation was to determine the fractional rate of protein synthesis (FSR) during the early period of recovery after intensive aerobic exercise in the absence of nutritional supplementation. Methods:  Sixteen male subjects performed one-legged cycling exercise for 1h at approximately 65-70% of their one-legged ...

BACKGROUND:: Exercise is often prescribed as a therapy for chronic pain. Short-term exercise briefly increases the production of endogenous analgesics, leading to transient antinociception. In limited studies, exercise produced sustained increases in endogenous opioids, sustained analgesia, or diminished measures of chronic pain. This study tests the hypothesis that regular aerobic ...

The prevalence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is ~30% and this source of right-to-left shunt could result in greater pulmonary gas exchange impairment at rest and during exercise. The aim of this work was to determine if individuals with an asymptomatic PFO (PFO+) have greater pulmonary gas exchange inefficiency ...

Farinatti, PTV, Brandão, C, Soares, PPS, and Duarte, AFA. Acute effects of stretching exercise on the heart rate variability in subjects with low flexibility levels. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The study investigated the heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) before, during, and after stretching exercises performed ...