To determine the effects of exercise and weight loss interventions on serum levels of four biomarkers and to examine if changes in biomarker levels correlate with clinical outcome measures in obese and overweight adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Serum was obtained at baseline, 6 and 18 months from 193 participants ...

AIM: To test the hypothesis that obese individuals may either hyperinflate or deflate the lung when exercising. In both cases breathlessness is an inescapable consequence. METHODS: Ventilatory variables, end-expiratory lung volume and end-inspiratory lung volume, and dyspnoea score (Borg scale) were studied in 20 class II-III obese subjects and 14 ...

The Internet can access a large number of consumers in a more cost-effective manner than other information delivery channels. In this pilot study, we assessed whether an online weight reduction program including dietary advice plus exercise (ED) was more effective in reducing weight than an exercise-only program (EX) >12 weeks. ...

We previously reported an "athlete's paradox" in which endurance-trained athletes, who possess a high oxidative capacity and enhanced insulin sensitivity, also have higher intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content. The purpose of this study was to determine whether moderate exercise training would increase IMCL, oxidative capacity of muscle, and insulin sensitivity in ...

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of long-term supervised exercise-induced weight maintenance on metabolic risk factors and physical fitness in obese children in early puberty. A total of 49 obese children aged 12-14 years were divided into control and exercise groups. The children in the exercise ...

Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. A combination of diet and exercise interventions have been shown to deliver stable weight reduction. M.O.B.I.L.I.S. is an interdisciplinary lifestyle modification program, aimed at lasting modification of exercise levels and diet with a view to an energy ...

Lipedema is a disproportional obesity for which evidence-based treatment is not currently available. We studied whether complete decongestive physiotherapy (CDP) alone or combined with intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) could improve the treatment outcome in women with lipedema using a prospective, randomized trial. Eleven patients received CDP (60 min) and thirteen ...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a prominent modifiable health risk factor. Treatments of severe caloric restrictions and educational interventions have had minimal sustained effects on weight loss. Physical activity may have significant indirect effects on weight reduction associated with changes in psychological variables, although explanatory models are lacking. METHODS: Relationships based on ...

Previous studies have suggested that if exercise intensity is established by perceived effort, the metabolic demand varies among exercise machines and the treadmill optimizes energy expenditure (EE). However, these studies have been completed utilizing young people with normal body fat percentages. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess ...

Although increases and decreases in physical activity are known to cause weight loss and weight gain, respectively, it is not known whether the magnitudes of these changes in weight are equal. Unequal (asymmetric) weight changes could contribute to overall weight gain or loss among individuals with seasonal or irregular activity. ...

Obesity and diabetes are epidemic in the predominantly minority Harlem community. To address them, a coalition of community and academic leaders tested the effectiveness of a peer-led weight loss course. The coalition developed Project HEAL: Healthy Eating, Active Lifestyles through extensive collaboration with community members and experts in nutrition, exercise, ...

Current guidelines for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) propose lifestyle changes (diet and physical activity) as a first-line intervention. However, few studies have been conducted thus far in this field. Weight loss has been recognized as an important issue in the management of MetSyn, in addition to exercise ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) adversely impacts IVF-embryo transfer outcomes in obese compared to lean patients. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: University-affiliated infertility program. PATIENT(S): Lean non-PCOS (n = 52), lean PCOS (n = 6), obese non-PCOS (n = 18), and obese PCOS (n = 10). INTERVENTION(S): ...

This research is made to define damages of the obesity, cure processes with body exercises and effects of the leptin on the obesity. In this research, scientific researches about the subject were analyzed carefully and it was handled on these literatures. As a result, it is presented that an inactive ...

OBJECTIVE: Increased physical activity is an integral part of weight loss programs in adolescents. We prospectively investigated the effects of exercise on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations and on appetite markers. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Normal weight (NW) and at risk of overweight/overweight (OW) male adolescents (n = 17/gr) underwent five consecutive ...

Alzheimer's Disease and related disorders have recently become a priority in France and two consecutive governmental plans have been undertaken in 2001-2004 and 2004-2007. The number of prevalent cases was estimated to be 850,000 in France with an incidence of 220,000 cases. Only 50% of these cases were actually diagnosed ...

The prevalence of obesity, an established epidemiological risk factor for many cancers, has risen steadily for the past several decades in the US and many other countries. Particularly alarming are the increasing rates of obesity among children, portending continuing increases in the rates of obesity and obesity-related cancers for many ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess weight changes, exercise and diet behaviors among college students from the beginning of freshman year until the end of senior year. DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study. SETTING: Private university in St. Louis, Missouri. PARTICIPANTS: College students (138 females, 66 males). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Weight and height were measured, ...

This review examines how physical activity can work for health during childhood and adolescence. Special emphasis is put on weight control and prevention of obesity-related morbidity. Both low sedentary and high exercise activities contribute to increased energy expenditure, improved weight control and prevention of obesity. Exercise, if intensity is at ...

A total of 140 obese patients (mean age 14 years) participated in a structured treatment and teaching programme (STTP) in hospital, with the aim of weight reduction. At both the start and finish of the STTP, patients underwent clinical and psychological examination. During an average hospital stay of 35 days, ...

AIM: To investigate the attitudes and beliefs held by UK Bangladeshi women on health and exercise and explore possible ways of increasing levels of physical activity in this group. METHODS: A survey based on an interview-guided questionnaire, with 25 British Bangladeshi females, 30-60 years old, from the Borough of Tower ...

An assessment inventory (the Friend/Peer Support-Health Eating Physical Activity Scale-FPS-HEPAS) was developed to measure social influence patterns of college student physical activity and food consumption habits. Principal components analysis of 50 items with two referent sets (friends and peers) produced two scales with common factors: encouragement to exercise, avoidance of ...

Adipose tissue is considered an active secretory organ of adipocytokines. The principal aim of our study was to examine the changes in adipocytokines levels after weigth reduction in obese patients. A population of 126 obese (body mass index > 30) non-diabetic outpatients was analyzed in a prospective way. Before and ...

The prevalence of obesity in the USA and worldwide has reached epidemic proportions during the last two decades. Drugs currently available for the treatment of obesity provide no more than 5% placebo-adjusted weight loss and are associated with undesirable side effects. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) modulators offer potential benefits for ...

OBJECTIVE: To quantify energy expenditure of various lifestyle physical activities of obese, overweight, and normal-weight girls. METHODS: In total, fifty-five girls participated in six activities: a treadmill walk at 4.0 km x hr(-1), run, football throw, walk in open area, cycle, and riding a scooter. Intensities for all activities except ...

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) demonstrate a high prevalence of obesity across all populations studied. The role of decreased energy expenditure through reduced physical activity in contributing to obesity in PCOS is not well studied. The independent benefits of exercise in improving metabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and diabetes have ...

Little is known about the effects of weight loss on diastolic function. Furthermore, it is not known whether both caloric restriction (CR)- and exercise (Ex)-induced weight loss have salutary effects on diastolic function. Therefore, we assessed the effects of yearlong CR (n = 12) and Ex (n = 13) interventions, ...

BACKGROUND: A need exists to address ergonomic, weight gain and obesity risks in sedentary occupations. AIM: To determine relationships between body mass index (BMI), weight gain, ergonomic and exercise variables in sedentary workers. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire was administered regarding body weight, height, weight gained since employment, body part discomfort, ...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of halofuginone lactate (100 mug/kg BW) on treatment and prevention of cryptosporidiosis in lambs. It consisted of three field trials. The first trial was designed to assess the efficacy of halofuginone in treating lamb diarrhoea caused by cryptosporidiosis, and in preventing the disease, ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the association among adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha] and adiponectin and to study the effects of exercise training on adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers among obese male Korean ...

Using stratified sampling technique 2696 adolescent school boys (aged 11-19 years) in Abha City, Southwestern Saudi Arabia were interviewed and examined for weight and height using standardized techniques. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight in the present study amounted to 16%. Using logistic regression analysis, lack of exercise practice ...

Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disorder which comprises a serious health problem nowadays. The effective management of obesity is difficult in contemporary societies where abundance of hypercaloric food and sedentary lifestyle is the rule. Apart from lifestyle interventions, which include diet, exercise and behavioural treatment, weight-loss medications can also be ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare cardiac index, (CI) [i.e. Cardiac output (CO) corrected for body surface area], stroke volume index (SVI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of obese and non obese patients using gated Gated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) MIBI perfusion imaging. This was done in order to assess ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether women of normal weight with hypothalamic amenorrhea have elevated ghrelin levels when compared with controls matched for metabolic parameters and whether this elevation is related to disordered eating patterns. DESIGN: Controlled clinical study. SETTING: Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment. PATIENT(S): Twelve subjects of normal ...

Usefulness and validity of different empirical yield loss models at describing the effect of common lambsquarters competition in maize were evaluated in a two year experiment in Karaj during 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Experimental factors were density (1st year: 2, 5, 10 and 15 plants m(-2); 2nd year: 6.6, ...

Although rimonabant has been approved for use in several countries, the Food and Drug Administration has expressed concern about the potential for adverse neurologic and psychiatric effects, considering the widespread distribution of CB1 receptors in the brain. While more research is clearly needed, the clinical evidence shows that CB1-receptor blockade ...

A weight-of-evidence (WOE) framework was developed to evaluate potential effects on the aquatic ecosystem of Wabamun Lake (Alberta, Canada) associated with the release of Bunker "C" oil after a train derailment. The wide variety of stakeholders and interested regulatory agencies made it necessary to develop a consistent and transparent approach ...

Ketogenic diets have been associated with reductions in free-living physical activity, a response that can be counterproductive in individuals trying to lose weight. To explore whether popular low-carbohydrate diets might impact the desire to exercise by raising blood ketone concentrations, fatigue and perceived effort during exercise were compared in untrained, ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test effects of aerobic exercise training on metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) improvement in response to weight reduction. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A total of 459 overweight and obese women (age, 49 +/- 9 years; BMI, 28 +/- 3 kg/m(2)) were recruited for a baseline examination to ...

OBJECTIVE: Visfatin, a novel adipokine, was revealed to be associated with obesity and to have insulin-mimetic effect. Eotaxin, which is an important chemokine in asthma, was recently reported to be associated with obesity in mice and humans. We evaluated the effect of exercise training on plasma visfatin and eotaxin levels ...

OBJECTIVE: Controversial data on ghrelin concentration during exercise in human subjects have been published. We tested the hypothesis that exercise could affect acylated ghrelin (AG) and unacylated ghrelin (UAG), which could partly explain the previously reported inconsistent findings on the association of exercise with changes in ghrelin. DESIGN: A prospective ...

This study sought to determine the influence of 16 months of progressive aerobic exercise on excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and the extent EPOC contributed to weight management. Twenty-five overweight/obese women and 16 overweight/obese men participated in a 16-month exercise program (moderate-intensity treadmill walking) that progressed across the first 26 ...

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Decline in physical activity has occurred simultaneously or before the increase in obesity. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of a physical activity group-based education programme delivered by a Physiotherapist on weight, physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, quality of life ...

The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the beta 3 adrenoreceptor gene on adipocytokine response, insulin resistance, and weight loss secondary to lifestyle modification (Mediterranean hypocaloric diet and exercise) in obese patients. A population of 65 obese (BMI >30) non-diabetic outpatients was ...

The prevalence of overweight or fat children and adolescents has markedly increased in Hungary during the past three decades. Among the possible factors insufficient physical activity and a relative or absolute excess of calorie intake associated to it can be regarded as the most important ones. The aim of the ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if magazine articles in mainstream women's magazines, continue to emphasize weight reduction. METHOD: Articles devoted to diet, exercise, and cosmetic surgery were tabulated from January 1989 to April 2007 in eight popular women's magazines. RESULTS: The number of cosmetic surgery articles has substantially increased since 1989, while ...

Recent studies have shown that obesity is an independent predictor of lower N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) levels and raised concerns about the validity of this biomarker in obese subjects. We evaluated the influence of obesity (body mass index>or=30 kg/m(2)) on the correlation between exercise capacity and serum NT-proBNP levels in 100 ...

Canine patients are generally regarded as being clinically obese when their body weight is at least 15% above ideal. The incidence of obesity in dogs is thought to be in the range of 20-40% of the general population and, since obesity is known to predispose or exacerbate a range of ...

This study was designed to compare differences in pulmonary gas exchange at rest and at peak exercise in two groups of women: (1) physically active, non-obese women and (2) women with morbid obesity. Fourteen morbidly obese women (body mass index or BMI=49+/-7 kg/m2; peak oxygen consumption or VO2 peak=14+/-2 ml/(kg ...

OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of cardiovascular, metabolic, and body composition measures with exercise capacity using baseline data from 5,145 overweight and/or obese (BMI > or = 25.0 kg/m2) men and women with type 2 diabetes who were randomized participants for the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) clinical trial. ...