Recent studies have suggested that an exaggerated blood pressure response to maximal exercise may be useful in detecting individuals who are prone to developing hypertension in later years. To examine the hypothesis that regular aerobic exercise results in a smaller blood pressure response to maximal exercise, 26 endurance-trained and 31 ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: In healthy subjects, exercise promotes marked hemodynamic and humoral changes characterized by an increase in cardiac output, a redistribution of blood flow to muscular territories under activity, and an increase in sympathoadrenergic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which hemodynamic and ...

BACKGROUND: Psychologic stress has been associated with the development of hypertension. Aerobic exercise training appears to decrease cardiovascular responses to psychologic stress. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise training in reducing blood pressure and cardiovascular responses to stress. DESIGN: We sought to compare the cardiovascular responses ...

Between 1982 and 1995, 43 cases of primary aldosteronism, 36 cases of adenoma, and 7 cases of hyperplasia were treated in Chang Gung Medical Center. Twenty-one of these (49%) presented with muscular paralysis as an initial symptom (categorized as the paralytic group). Seven patients in the paralytic group (33%) had ...

BACKGROUND: Both resting and exercise levels of blood pressure in individuals have been used as predictors of adult hypertension. One possible mechanism underlying the relation between childhood resting and exercise blood pressure and future blood pressure is a set of genes expressed in childhood that persists to regulate adult blood ...

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypotheses that acute treadmill exercise would produce post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and that PEH would be associated with reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) responsiveness to the alpha 1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. METHODS: Arterial and venous catheters were implanted into exercise-trained female Dahl-salt sensitive rats (n = 9) for ...

It has been suggested that the systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to exercise may be useful in predicting future hypertension. However, controversy exists as to whether the SBP response to exercise in borderline hypertensives is actually greater than normotensives or merely increases equally but from a higher resting value. Our ...

Cardiovascular responses to moderate steady-state exercise were studied in Type A and Type B males and females. Eighteen men and 17 women, ages 20 to 40 years, were chosen for Type A (males = 10, females = 10) and Type B (males = 8, females = 7) groups by means ...

We examined 150 young male adults in the Italian Air Force to evaluate the correlation between blood pressure (BP) response to bicycle exercise and early structural changes of the left ventricle and the carotid arteries. The subjects were divided into three subgroups: (1) borderline hypertensives; (2) normotensives having one or ...

We examined the effect of a 4-5 week spa programme consisting of hypertension control education, physical education and smoking cessation on a long-term risk factor control. Two hundred and twenty hypertensive males underwent a 1 month training programme. At the end of the month, improvement had occurred in blood pressure ...

The purpose of this investigation was to study exercise-induced hypertension after surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Groups of 27 patients with CoA and 27 healthy control subjects, 6-21 years old, were exercised to exhaustion using the Bruce protocol. Fourteen patients had undergone surgery during the first year ...

Exercise intervention studies have consistently shown that moderate intensity aerobic exercise lowers blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Recent findings also showed that exercise is safe and effective in further lowering blood pressure in treated patients with severe hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. A significant reduction in blood pressure ...

Changes in plasma endogenous ouabain-like substance (EOLS) and plasma noradrenaline, along with changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and blood lactate concentration, were investigated in hypertensive individuals during strenuous exercise testing. Thirteen (4 men and 9 women) middle-aged (34-63 years, mean 50 +/- 2 years) patients with mild essential ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of cardiopulmonary fitness in hypertension. From 1972 to 1982 oxygen uptake and heart rate were recorded during an exercise test to exhaustion in 216 patients (143 men). Their outcome was ascertained in 1994. During 3,411 patient years of follow-up, ...

The effect of exercise training on blood pressure (BP) and serum cholesterol level was studied in hypertensive Nigerians. Fifty-eight subjects aged 30-65 years completed the study. They exercised on a cycle ergometer at 70% maximum O2 consumption. The frequency of exercise increased from 1 x 30 min/week for 16 weeks ...

In 1994, we ascertained the outcome of 143 hypertensive men in whom invasive hemodynamic measurements were performed at rest and during graded bicycle exercise during the period 1972-1982 to assess (1) which of the hemodynamic components of blood pressure is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular events and total mortality, ...

A bilateral, exercise-mediated renal functional abnormality was first described more than a decade ago. The disturbance is specific for hypertension, is seen in different forms of hypertension, and has been studied most extensively in hypertensives with renovascular disease. The bilateral-abnormal exercise renogram identifies the disturbance. Hypertensives with unilateral renovascular disease ...

Hemodynamic consequences of the withdrawal of arterial chemoreceptor drive (ACD) by brief systemic hyperoxia were studied in 16 mild hypertensive subjects (HT) and in 16 healthy subjects (NT) in horizontal position at resting metabolic rate. In another 9 mild HT and match NT measurements were made in resting sitting position ...

We investigated the relation between pressor responses to laboratory stressors and 24-hour blood pressure (BP) variability or left ventricular mass. Mental arithmetic tests, isometric hand grip exercise, and bicycle ergometer exercise were carried out in middle-aged normotensive subjects (n=10) and in age-matched WHO stage I (n=23) and stage II (n=11) ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of young, apparently healthy professional drivers to exercise testing. METHODS: A bicycle exercise test was performed by a randomly selected group of 42 apparently healthy, male professional drivers aged 20 to 40 years and a group of 30 building ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether restriction of caloric intake and exercise of vigorous intensity can independently and additively influence clinic and ambulatory blood pressures in sedentary overweight men. DESIGN: Sixty subjects aged 20-50 years were randomly allocated either to continue their normal caloric intake or to restrict it by 4186-6279 kl/day, ...

1. In a long-term study of the optimal approach to initiating and maintaining a regular exercise programme in previously sedentary older women (40-65 years), we have assessed determinants of change in resting blood pressure (BP) after 6 and 12 months. 2. Women (n = 126) were randomly assigned to either ...

Interrelations between physical exercise, monoamines and hypertension are postulated by various investigators. The purpose of the present study was to determine and compare catecholamine levels at rest and after a 12-week aerobic exercise program in 11 sedentary normotensive (N) and 8 hypertensive (H) men. Plasma catecholamines were determined by high ...

Exercise induced renal dysfunction is reported to occur in treated hypertensive patients but not seen normotensive subjects. It is unclear if this phenomenon is related to the disease or to treatment. METHODS: Four normal volunteers and 15 hypertensive subjects (antihypertensive medications were discontinued for more than 4 wk) were studied ...

AIM: To study the effect of nimodipine (Nim) on infectious brain edema (BE). METHODS: An infectious BE model was induced by injection of Bordetella pertussis suspension (BPS) into right internal carotid artery in rabbits. Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6). Group BE: BPS (0.6 mL.kg-1) ...

BACKGROUND: Histologic grading (HG) of neuroblastomas (NB) of prognostic significance is based on the presence of absence of calcification and low mitotic rate ( < or = 10/10 high power fields). Mitosis karyorrhexis Index (MKI) is the main feature used for prognostic categorization in Shimada classification and can be determined ...

BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction with a loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been reported in patients with arterial hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate coronary vasomotor response to dynamic exercise in patients with coronary artery disease with and without arterial hypertension and to determine the effect of calcium ...

This study was designed to investigate whether the acoustical characteristics of the Korotkoff sounds (K-sounds) were altered during exercise and/or masked by the ambient noise. After signing informed consent, 11 subjects (8 females, 3 males; 27 +/- 2 yr; 166.2 +/- 3.2 cm; 62 +/- 5 kg; means +/- SD) ...

The macula densa, a plaque of specialized tubular epithelial cells located in the distal tubule, monitors the NaCl concentration of the tubular fluid and sends an as of yet unidentified signal to control glomerular hemodynamics. In this mechanism, called tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF), an increase in NaCl concentration at the macula ...

Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring was undertaken on two days in 31 men and women (11 with elevated resting and ambulatory BP and 20 who were normotensive), once following each of these treatment conditions: 20 min of moderate aerobic bicycle ergometry, and an equivalent control rest period. The two monitoring ...

The cardiovascular response to exercise in middle-aged non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and the potential role of clinical characteristics and autonomic function were evaluated. One hundred and eight NIDDM patients, aged 40-65 years, were compared with a control group of 112 subjects, matched by age, sex, physical fitness, and presence ...

The effects of long-term high calcium diet and physical exercise and their combined effects on the development of hypertension, plasma and tissue atrial natriuretic peptide, and arterial function were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats with Wistar-Kyoto rats serving as normotensive controls. Hypertensive rats were made to exercise by running on ...

Hypertension, which is attenuated by regular aerobic exercise, is associated with an increase in cytosolic platelet calcium [Ca+2]i. How aerobic exercise might lower blood pressure is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that exercise would influence the agonist-induced effect on platelet cytosolic calcium [Ca+2]i. Twenty, healthy normotensive men between 20 and ...

The clinical significance of abnormal postexercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) response in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was assessed by treadmill exercise testing in 30 normal subjects and 96 patients with HCM. SBP recovery ratios were derived by dividing the SBP at 1 and 3 min after exercise by the ...

The objective of this investigation was the examination of the relation of left ventricular mass (LVM) and function with cardiovascular response to exercise in normotensive adolescents at risk for hypertension. Carried out was a prospective, cross-sectional study of 47 subjects (age, 10 to 18 years), who underwent dynamic and isometric ...

Physical exercise causes transient albuminuria. The mechanisms of postexercise albuminuria are not fully clarified but stimulation of the reninangiotensin system (RAS) probably plays a major role through intrarenal haemodynamic changes causing an elevated filtration pressure. In a randomised, double-blind, crossover study we compared the effects on urinary albumin excretion (UAE) ...

PURPOSE: To review information on exercise testing in hypertensive patients and persons at risk for developing hypertension and to determine whether this type of investigation is valuable for diagnosis, prognosis, or assessment of the effect of therapy. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search of English-language articles published between 1985 and 1995 ...

A third of all persons over the age of 65 suffer from hypertension. The incidence in South African blacks is particularly high. Exercise, although effective in lowering blood pressure, has not gained acceptance for its antihypertensive benefits. It would certainly be an inexpensive management option in community-based clinics in South ...

We investigated: 1) the mechanism of the hypotensive effect of a single bout of dynamic exercise in hypertensive subjects by measuring hemodynamic parameters before and for 2 h after treadmill exercise, and 2) the duration of the effect using ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring once the subjects left the test ...

This preliminary phase I study was conducted in healthy volunteers to determine whether gender differences exist in the hemodynamic effects of diltiazem at rest, during exercise, and after exercise. At comparable serum concentrations of the drug, women demonstrated lower systolic and diastolic pressure during exercise and after exercise. ST slope ...

We describe a standardized clearance method over 5 h (one hour equilibration followed by eight consecutive 30 min clearance periods [period 2-9]) for the estimation of GFR (iothalamate I125) and ERPF (hippuran I131) during water diuresis in ambulatory and exercising patients. Four groups were examined. In group I (normal controls, ...

Malignant hypertension (MH) is a severe complication of untreated arterial hypertension that damages the vascular system. It is often accompanied by disturbances in lipid metabolism that could contribute to its pathophysiology. We examined chylomicron metabolism in MH patients using a triglyceride-rich emulsion known to mimic natural chylomicrons when injected into ...

1. The effects of 4 week treatment with rilmenidine or atenolol on tests of mental stress, dynamic exercise, autonomic function and psychometric tests were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. 2. After a 4 week placebo run-in, 12 patients with essential hypertension (blood pressure [BP] 160/95 +/- 15/7 ...

Blood pressure response to exercise was studied in 100 male adolescents with essential hypertension, aged 13-18 years, during progressive maximal exercise test (Bruce Protocol). None received medication. Thirty of the subjects were obese hypertensive (OH), 30 were lean hypertensive (LH), 10 were obese normotensive (ON) and 30 were lean normotensive ...

The present study examined the effects of caffeine on blood pressure (BP) regulation in hypertensive men during exercise. Twenty unmedicated, mild hypertensives (HT, BP = 140/90 to 160/105 mm Hg) and 12 age-matched, normotensives (NT, BP < 130/80 mm Hg) performed 30 min of extended bicycle exercise following a single ...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications is higher in African Americans than in whites. Interventions to control blood pressure in this population are particularly important. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, but its effects in patients with severe hypertension have not been studied. ...

Measurement of signal to artifact ratio yielded optimal frequencies for a Korotkoff-based automatic system for measuring blood pressure on a treadmill. Maximal Korotkoff sounds occurred just above the crease of the elbow over the brachial artery. Output of a piezoelectric microphone and charge amplifier was measured during treadmill exercise for ...

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured by intraarterial means and by auscultation. Comparisons were made with simultaneously determined intraarterial catheter and auscultation measurements. Five healthy males were measured at rest and during handgrip and deadlift isometric exercises, utilizing small and large muscle mass. The data suggest that indirect systolic ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 1-year diet intervention, exercise intervention and both combined on blood pressure (BP) in normotensives and mild hypertensives. Two hundred and nineteen sedentary middle aged men and women with slightly deranged coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors were randomised to ...

Dynamic exercise may be used as a safe, therapeutic approach to reduce sympathetic nerve activity at rest and thus may be beneficial for individuals with hypertension. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that a single bout of mild to moderate dynamic exercise would decrease cardiac sympathetic tonus at rest. We designed ...