To cite this article: Del Giacco SR, Carlsen K-H, Du Toit G. Allergy and sports in children. Pediatric Allergy Immunol 2012: 23: 11-20. ABSTRACT: Physical activity is beneficial for children with positive outcomes for mental and physical well-being. Allergic conditions unique to the sporting arena may serve as an impediment ...

Background: Exhaled breath temperature (EBT) has been suggested as a marker of airway inflammation in asthma. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate EBT in asthmatic subjects compared to healthy controls after an exercise challenge test, and in subjects with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction compared to subjects without, and ...

Objective. Previous studies have reported that the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in athletes is higher than that of the general population. There is increasing evidence that athletes fail to recognize and report symptoms of EIB. As a result, there has been debate whether athletes should be screened for EIB, ...

An estimated 5-20% of the general population and up to 90% of people with asthma experience exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). The EIB Landmark Survey is the first comprehensive study on exercise-related respiratory symptoms in the United States. Two surveys were conducted: the first surveyed adults (≥18 years) in the general public ...

Dopamine is related to behaviour (including arousal, motivation, and motor control of locomotion) and its turnover in the brain is increased during exercise. We examined the hypothesis that dopamine D2 receptors contribute to exercise hyperpnoea via central neural pathways using the D2-like receptor antagonist raclopride. We simultaneously measured ventilation and ...

Okuno, NM, Perandini, LAB, Bishop, D, Simões, HG, Pereira, G, Berthoin, S, Kokubun, E, and Nakamura, FY. Physiological and perceived exertion responses at intermittent critical power and intermittent maximal lactate steady state. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The aim of this study was to compare the power outputs of ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of muscle metaboreflex on exercise-induced growth hormone (GH) secretion. In order to accumulate metabolites within exercised muscle with minimized central motor activity, electromyostimulation (EMS) was performed combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). Seven men performed one-legged isometric knee extension evoked ...

Scarfe, AC, Li, F-X, Reddin, DB, and Bridge, MW. A new progression scale for common lower-limb rehabilitation tasks. J Strength Cond Res 25(3): 612-619, 2011-The treatment of most injuries tends to have similar goals: to minimize initial pain and swelling, restore full range of motion, and return to full strength. ...

Ali, A, Creasy, RH, and Edge, JA. The effect of graduated compression stockings on running performance. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The aim of this study was to examine the effects of wearing different grades of graduated compression stockings (GCS) on 10-km running performance. After an initial familiarization run, ...

The effects of knee-high socks that applied different levels of compression (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mmHg) on various cardio-respiratory and metabolic parameters during submaximal running were analysed. Fifteen well-trained, male endurance athletes (age: 22.2 ± 1.3 years; peak oxygen uptake: 57.2 ± 4.0 mL/minute/kg) performed a ramp test ...

Background. Oropharyngeal receptors signal presence of carbohydrate to the brain. Mouth rinses with a carbohydrate solution facilitate corticomotor output and improve time-trial performance in well-trained subjects in a fasted state. We tested for this effect in nonathletic subjects in fasted and nonfasted state. Methods. 13 healthy non-athletic males performed 5 ...

Molino-Lova R, Vannetti F, Pasquini G, Paperini A, Zipoli R, Polcaro P, Petrilli M, Cecchi F, Macchi C: Oxygen uptake kinetics in older patients receiving postacute cardiac rehabilitation: Effects of low-intensity aerobic training. : Older patients who receive postacute cardiac rehabilitation improve their physical performance in terms of distance walked ...

The main purpose of the present study was to test for outcome scope insensitivity. Respondents were initially asked to value one of two severe health states by way of a time-trade-off (TTO) exercise. Subsequent to the TTO exercise all respondents were asked to value an intervention, which offered a reduction ...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation improves physical, cognitive and psychosocial functioning, yet services are greatly underutilized with increasing patterns of attrition over time. Tai Chi has been suggested as a possible adjunct to cardiac rehabilitation exercise training. AIM: To describe differences in physical, cognitive and psychosocial functioning among adults ≥45years old attending ...

With the demographic of patients entering cardiac rehabilitation (CR) indicating an older and more obese population, musculoskeletal comorbidities (MSKCS) may be escalating. Musculoskeletal comorbidities affecting exercise were ascertained in 322 patients (233 men and 89 women) by a questionnaire and then an interview before and after 3 months of CR. ...

To audit the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) service in the Northwest. Patients were identified on the CR Information System. Indications, rate of uptake, demographics and complications were all recorded. Cardiovascular risk factors and exercise capacity before and after CR were compared. Systems for referral and phases I-IV were analysed. Three hundred ...

A majority of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) display persistent exercise intolerance despite current therapies. Whether a rehabilitation program elicits favorable changes in muscle function which would partly explain improvements in exercise tolerance of IPAH patients remains unknown. We performed this study to assess the effect of a ...

Exercise therapy constitutes the better part of rehabilitative treatment. However, in rehabilitation research the scientific analysis of exercise therapy only plays a minor role. Taking the theoretical model of rehabilitation and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) into account, we propose a heuristic model of aims and ...

Cardiac patients after an acute event and/or with chronic heart disease deserve special attention to restore their quality of life and to maintain or improve functional capacity. They require counselling to avoid recurrence through a combination of adherence to a medication plan and adoption of a healthy lifestyle. These secondary ...

Finger coordination and independence are often impaired in stroke survivors, preventing them from performing activities of daily living. We have developed a technique using a robotic interface, the HandCARE, to train these functions. The Hand Cable-Actuated REhabilitation (CARE) system can assist the subject in opening and closing movements of the ...

Aerobic and resistance exercise training programs produce an abundance of physiologic and clinical benefits in patients with heart failure (HF). Improved maximal aerobic capacity, submaximal aerobic endurance, muscle force production, perceived quality of life, and skeletal muscle characteristics are among the more established outcomes resulting from these rehabilitation techniques. Moreover, ...

Loss of hand function as a result of upper limb paresis after a stroke leads to reduced independence. Robotic-assisted therapy with virtual reality leads to improvements in motor function, but there is a need to improve the cost-benefit ratio of these therapies. This case series study investigated augmented reality computer ...

Scoliosis is a common medical condition in children and adolescents, particularly girls. It is accompanied by disorders of multiple systems and organs, especially the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, which significantly affects general physical capacity. This study sought to assess lung function, chest mobility, and physical fitness in scoliotic girls undergoing ...

BACKGROUND: Initial severity of upper-limb motor impairment and exercise intensity are important predictors of improved upper-limb function during stroke rehabilitation. Initial severity of motor impairment, however, is not modifiable by rehabilitation, and increased one-on-one treatment is not always feasible. Alternative methods to increase intensity and improve upper-limb function are needed. ...

To clarify the optimal management of rehabilitative intervention for limited glenohumeral joint mobility (LGHM) arising from adhesive capsulitis, particularly focusing on the frequency of sessions for joint mobilization and the self-exercise compliance, the functional results of 120 patients with LGHM were prospectively investigated as follows: Differences in improved angle of ...

Individuals with vestibular dysfunction may experience visual vertigo (VV), in which symptoms are provoked or exacerbated by excessive or disorienting visual stimuli (eg, supermarkets). Individuals with VV are believed to be overly reliant on visual input for balance (ie, visually dependent). VV can significantly improve when customized vestibular rehabilitation exercises ...

Vestibular rehabilitation strategies including gaze stabilization exercises have been shown to increase gain of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) using a retinal slip error signal (ES). The identification of additional ESs capable of promoting substitution strategies or aVOR adaptation is an important goal in the management of vestibular hypofunction. Position ...

The efficacy of both habituation and adaptation exercise interventions in the treatment of unilateral vestibular hypofunction has been demonstrated by previous studies. The purpose of this article is to describe the preliminary results of an ongoing study that compares the effects of these 2 different exercise approaches on outcomes related ...

Randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. To analyze the effects of an exercise program or routine follow-up on patients with chronic low back pain who have completed functional multidisciplinary rehabilitation. The short- and long-term outcome in terms of symptoms and physical and social functioning was compared. Systematic reviews have shown ...

Severe burns cause profound hormonal and metabolic disturbances resulting in hypermetabolism, reflected in extreme elevation of resting energy expenditure (REE) and extensive skeletal muscle catabolism. Aerobic and resistive exercise programs during rehabilitation have shown substantial benefits, although whether such training potentially exacerbates basal metabolism is unknown. Therefore, the effects of ...

The cardiovascular disease risk profile and exercise capacity of coronary heart disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were measured and compared with those of nondiabetic (NDM) patients before and after a 6-week multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation program. Subjects included 413 patients with DM (56.9 +/- 7.9 years) and 614 ...

In response to a news report of the rehabilitation of a New York-based dancer/actor with cerebral palsy, to the point where a ballet performance was scheduled, it was determined that a report based on the individuals involved would be commissioned. The resulting reports from the choreographer responsible for the rehabilitation ...

Patients in cardiac rehabilitation are typically advised to complete a period of supervised endurance training before beginning resistance training. In this study, however, we compared the peak rate-pressure product (RPP, a calculated indicator of myocardial work) of patients during two types of exercise-treadmill walking and chest press-from workout session 1 ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the amount of muscle activation in 4 scapular muscles in overhead athletes with and without a history of secondary shoulder impingement, during 3 upper extremity closed chain exercises. DESIGN: One-between (group), one-within (exercise) repeated measures. SETTING: Controlled laboratory study. PARTICIPANTS: Overhead athletes (n=15; mean age +/- SD, ...

The aim of this study was to assess the effects on exercise performance of supplementing a standard cardiac rehabilitation program with additional exercise programming compared to the standard cardiac rehabilitation program alone in elderly patients after heart surgery. In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 60 patients (32 men and 28 ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to examine current evidence for the efficacy of rehabilitation techniques for musculoskeletal impairments in persons with scleroderma. RECENT FINDINGS: The current literature on rehabilitation techniques consists of studies evaluating the effectiveness of paraffin wax treatment, hand and face stretching exercises, connective ...

Purpose: To discuss the role of the vascular system and regulation of blood flow delivery in individuals with chronic stroke. This paper will discuss mechanisms of blood flow, vascular remodeling in chronic stroke, exercise as an intervention to improve blood flow delivery, and the role of physical therapy practice in ...

Pulmonary rehabilitation is now regarded as an evidence-based treatment for symptomatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It has been shown to enhance exercise tolerance, improve symptoms and health-related quality of life, and reduce exacerbations in patients with recurrent exacerbations. In this article we review the mechanisms through which exercise ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the electromyographical (EMG) activation levels of shoulder musculature during early rehabilitation exercises to regain active range of motion. DESIGN: Descriptive. SETTING: University clinical research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Ten asymptomatic volunteers (age, 25 +/- 5 years; height, 171 +/- 7 cm; weight, 78 +/- 15 kg). INTERVENTION: Fine-wire (supraspinatus ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of outpatient medical rehabilitation (OMR) mainly composed of exercise therapy and sports for patients with asbestosis. Following the Hamburg model, the OMR focuses on keeping up lasting effects. METHOD: In the frame of a pre-experimental study, 113 male asbestosis ...

Stroke is a major cause of mortality in the community and the most common cause of disability. At one year, a third of patients who have had a stroke have died, and 37% of survivors are dependent. In the acute phase of ischaemic stroke, patients should receive thrombolysis (within 4.5 ...

By studying exercise and performance in hand-cycling in both activities of daily living and in Paralympic sport settings, new insights can be gained for rehabilitation practice, adapted physical activity, and sports. This review looks into the pros and cons of hand-cycling in both rehabilitation and optimal sports performance settings as ...

Rehabilitation after a stroke is very important because it has beneficial effects on brain function, including the promotion of plasticity. However, an optimal time window for rehabilitation interventions after hemorrhagic stroke has not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to determine whether early exercise training initiated 24h ...

To study the effects on the hemiplegic upper limb of repetitive facilitation exercises (RFEs) using a novel facilitation technique, in which the patient's intention to move the hemiplegic upper limb or finger was followed by realization of the movement using multiple sensory stimulations. Twenty-three stroke patients were enrolled in a ...

During intense physical exercise, the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway is upregulated which contributes to soreness. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a clinical affect of deracoxib (COX-2 selective antagonist) on dogs engaged in intense rehabilitation following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy for cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Our ...

In an aging society, social demands for home-based rehabilitation and assistive technologies by healthcare and welfare services are globally increasing. The progress of quality-of-life technologies and rehabilitation science is a very important and urgent issue for elderly and disabled individuals as well as for their caregivers. Thus, there is a ...

To identify and review the literature on the role of sound in facilitating movement and development. The emphasis was to consider the role of sound during exercise and rehabilitation and to encourage researchers to further explore the role of sound in movement development and rehabilitation. A review of key and ...

The paper presents the background, main achievements and components of rehabilitation robotics in a simple way, using non-technical terms. The introductory part looks at the development of robotic approaches in the rehabilitation of neurological patients and outlines the principles of robotic device interactions with patients. There follows a section on ...

This paper presents the design of an admittance-based assistive controller and preliminary experimental results for a high performance parallel robot used for ankle rehabilitation. The goal of this work was to design a suitable control algorithm for diagnosis, training and rehabilitation of the ankle in presence of musculoskeletal injuries. An ...

Rehabilitation therapy is a key component of recovery from neurologic disease. Each patient requires a rehabilitation protocol designed specifically for the patient's neurologic condition, owner expectations and level of participation, and expertise of the veterinary team. Initial therapy for nonambualtory patients may include standing exercises, range of motion, pain control, ...