BACKGROUND:: During extended storage, erythrocytes undergo functional changes. These changes reduce the viability of erythrocytes leading to release of oxyhemoglobin, a potent scavenger of nitric oxide. We hypothesized that transfusion of ovine packed erythrocytes (PRBC) stored for prolonged periods would induce pulmonary vasoconstriction in lambs, and that reduced vascular nitric ...

The hyperdynamic circulation of cirrhosis participates in the pathophysiology of portal hypertension. P450-dependent epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET) are potent vasodilators. We evaluated plasma levels of EETs in cirrhotic patients and the effect of epoxygenase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition on skin blood flow, measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, in normal ...

The present study reports the applicability of a multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of common filarioids infecting dogs, i.e., Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, Acanthocheilonema reconditum and Cercopithifilaria sp. Amplicons of different sizes (i.e., 170bp, 480bp, 590bp and 300bp, respectively) of regions within the mitochondrial cytochrome c ...

Syphilis diagnosis is based on clinical observation, serological analysis and dark-field microscopy detection of T. pallidum subsp. pallidum, the etiological agent of syphilis, in skin ulcers. We performed a nested PCR assay specifically amplifying the tpp47 gene of T pallidum from swab and blood specimens. We studied a cohort of ...

This review assesses the feasibilty of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in neurosurgical applications, specifically occlusion of intact blood vessels. Fourteen articles were examined. In summary, MRI was effective for HIFU guidance whereas MR angiography assessed vessel occlusion. Several studies noted immediate occlusion of blood vessels with HIFU. Long-term data, though ...

ABSTRACT: An analysis is carried out to study the steady two-dimensional stagnation-point flow of a nanofluid over a stretching/shrinking sheet in its own plane. The stretching/shrinking velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point. The similarity equations are solved numerically ...

The rostral medullary raphe region is an important target of hypothalamic orexin neurons; however, little is known of the effect of orexin in this key autonomic and somatic premotor region. Here we tested the effect of orexin-A (3 and 30 pmol) microinjected in the medullary raphe, on heart rate (HR), ...

New non-invasive techniques enabling frequent or continuous assessments of various pathophysiological conditions might be used to improve in-hospital outcome by enabling earlier and more reliable bedside detection of medical deterioration. In this preclinical study, three modern non-invasive optical techniques, laser Doppler imaging (LDI), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and tissue viability imaging ...

OBJECTIVES:: Blood flow changes in the intestines during conventional negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), and NPWT using a protective disc over the intestines in laparostomy. BACKGROUND:: Higher closure rates of the open abdomen have been reported with NPWT compared with other kinds of wound management. However, the method has been ...

We conducted an open-label trial to evaluate whether simvastatin therapy was, or was not, associated in systemic sclerosis hypercholesterolemic patients (SSc-Ps) with beneficial changes in finger skin microvascular function. 13 females SSc-Ps and 15 females healthy control subjects (CSs), age-matched with SSc-Ps, underwent finger skin post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH), using ...

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to quantify the cerebral blood flow (CBF) after bilateral, transcranial near-infrared light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation to the forehead in a patient in a persistent vegetative state following severe head injury. Background data: Positive behavioral improvement has been observed following transcranial near-infrared light therapy in humans ...

BACKGROUND: Ischemia is a major factor contributing to failure of skin flap surgery, which is routinely used for coverage of wounds to prevent infection and to restore form and function. An emerging concept is that adenosine A(2A) receptors can improve tissue oxygenation by stimulating angiogenesis, likely through vascular endothelial growth ...

Androgen actions are exerted upon the androgen receptor (AR), and complete genital virilization of normal 46,XY individuals depends on adequate function and expression of the AR gene in a tissue-specific manner. Standardization of normal ARmRNA in androgen-sensitive tissues. In this study, we determined the quantitative amounts of ARmRNA in peripheral ...

Background and objectives: Deferral due to anaemia is common in blood donor selection, mainly owing to iron deficiency. This study analysed the prevalence of anaemia, its individual and group-associated factors in 335 095 blood donor candidates in the Hemominas Foundation, a public blood centre in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Materials ...

Abstract Background: Endothelial function is known to be impaired in response to heat in people with diabetes, but little has been done to see how air humidity alters the skin blood flow response to heat. Methods: Seventeen male and female subjects were divided in two groups, one with type 2 ...

The effects of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on wound edge microvascular blood flow are not clear. The aim of the present study was therefore to further elucidate the effects of NPWT on periwound blood flow in a porcine peripheral wound model using different blood flow measurement techniques. NPWT at ...

Relaxin (RLX) has multiple vascular actions, including vasodilation and angiogenesis, which occur via induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. We generated a RLX-expressing (dE1-RGD/lacZ/RLX) adenovirus and investigated whether it enhances skin flap survival. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: RLX-expressing adenovirus group, control virus group, and ...

Higher closure rates of the open abdomen have been reported with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) than with other kinds of wound management. We have recently shown that NPWT decreases the blood flow in the intestinal wall, and that the blood flow could be restored by inserting a protective disc ...

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potential mediator of neurogenic inflammation in eczema, psoriasis and rosacea, and also contributes to vasodilatation and oedema in complex regional pain disorder. We investigated the feasibility of administering CGRP and its antagonist CGRP8-37 by iontophoresis in human skin to characterise their vasoactive profiles. Two ...

Objective: This study aimed to assess the skin-surface microcirculatory effects of oral administration of Liuwei Dihuang (LW) formula by analyzing the frequency content of laser-Doppler skin blood-flow signals at important acupoints. Methods: Laser-Doppler signals were measured in male healthy volunteers in two groups of experiments: the LW experiment (n=42; aged ...

Multi-holed wound catheters are increasingly used in clinical practice to administer analgesic/anaesthetic locally to the painful region. The distribution of flow infused during controlled (continuous or intermittent) administration of medication is believed to be an important issue for successful pain relief. Nevertheless, this information is not available from the literature. ...

Studies in healthy volunteers and patients with renal failure have shown that vibration, applied with a frequency of 47 Hz and a vibrational intensity of 600 mVpp, increases microcirculation of blood in the skin. This controlled, in vivo, experi- mental study was conducted to further evaluate the effect of vibration ...

Background: Circulation plays an essential role in tissue healing. Moist heat and warm water immersion have been shown to increase skin circulation; however, these heating modalities can cause burns. Recent research has shown that passive vibration can also increase circulation but without the risk of burns.<br /> Material/Methods: The aim ...

Optically monitoring the vascular physiology during photodynamic therapy (PDT) may help understand patient-specific treatment outcome. However, diffuse optical techniques have failed to observe changes herein, probably by optically sampling too deep. Therefore, we investigated using differential path-length spectroscopy (DPS) to obtain superficial measurements of vascular physiology in actinic keratosis (AK) ...

Objective:  Local heating increases skin blood flow SkBF (thermal hyperemia). In a previous study, we reported that a first local thermal stimulus could attenuate the hyperemic response to a second one applied later on the same skin spot, a phenomenon that we termed desensitization. However, other studies found no evidence for ...

In order to visualize human skin hemodynamics, we investigated a method that is specifically developed for the visualization of concentrations of oxygenated blood, deoxygenated blood, and melanin in skin tissue from digital RGB color images. Images of total blood concentration and oxygen saturation can also be reconstructed from the results ...

There is a need for more reliable, non-invasive and alternative measurement sites for the monitoring of arterial blood oxygen saturation in critically ill newborns at times of peripheral compromise. The anterior fontanelle, a unique anatomical feature of the newborn, has been presented as an alternative site for the estimation of ...

Local heating causes an increase in skin blood flow by activating sensory axon reflex and metabolic nitric oxide controls. It has been observed that the remote skin area without temperature changes also shows a slightly increase in blood flow. The responsible mechanism of this indirect vasodilation remains unclear. We hypothesized ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess morphology and blood flow of the proper palmar digital arteries (PPDA) by Color Doppler Ultrasonography (CDUS) and its relationship with nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC), skin blood perfusion and digital arteries pulsatility of hands in SSc patients and healthy controls. METHODS: CDUS, NVC, Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging (LDPI) and ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the inter-day reproducibility of post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) and sympathetic vasomotor reflexes assessed by single-point laser Doppler flowmetry (SP-LDF), integrating-probe LDF (IP-LDF) and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), and the spatial variability of PORH assessed by IP-LDF and LSCI. We also evaluated the relationship between IP-LDF and ...

This study investigated the effect of spinal cord injury (SCI) on nonlinear complexity of skin blood flow oscillations (BFO). Complexity of the characteristic frequencies embedded in BFO was described by the scaling coefficient derived by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and the range of scaling coefficients derived from multifractal detrended fluctuation ...

BACKGROUND: Laser Speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) allows non-contact, real-time recording of cutaneous blood flow (CBF). Different distances from laser-head to skin (distances(L-S)) can be chosen by the operator to perform these recordings. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different Distances(L-S) on the analysis of rest blood flow and post-occlusive ...

Chromosomal copy number association studies in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using blood DNA have so far been inconclusive. We employed genome-wide screening to look for copy number imbalances (CNIs) between blood and hair DNA from three ALS-discordant monozygotic twin pairs and two phenotypically normal monozygotic twin pairs. Genome-wide ...

In some cases of degloving injury, as a result of multiple venous anastomoses formed on the peripheral and proximal sides, the detached flap skin did survive, though with patchy necrosis. On the basis of this experience, the skin and soft-tissue defects after removing skin cancer were closed with an anterolateral ...

For decades it was believed that direct and indirect heating (the latter of which elevates blood and core temperatures without directly heating the area being evaluated) increases skin, but not skeletal muscle blood flow. Recent results, however, suggest that passive heating of the leg may increase muscle blood flow. Using ...

Research whether a post-sclerotherapy venous compression period of up to 120 hours is sufficient to avoid reperfusion in treated veins; whether there is a relationship between the inflammatory intensity in venous walls and adjacent tissue and the size of venous thrombosis; whether the intensity of the post-sclerotherapy inflammation varies with ...

BACKGROUND: The consequences of the spread of Leishmania parasites to the blood from lesions in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis are numerous. To assess the magnitude of this invasion we conducted the present study on patients referred to the American University of Beirut Medical Center for cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS: Patients referred ...

We apply wavelet-based time-localized phase coherence to investigate the relationship between blood flow and skin temperature, and between blood flow and instantaneous heart rate (IHR), during vasoconstriction and vasodilation provoked by local cooling or heating of the skin. A temperature-controlled metal plate (≈10 cm(2)) placed on the volar side of ...

kelechi t.j., mueller m., zapka j.g. & king d.e. (2011) The effect of a cryotherapy gel wrap on the microcirculation of skin affected by chronic venous disorders. Journal of Advanced Nursing. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05680.x ABSTRACT: Aim.  The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate a cryotherapy (cooling) gel wrap applied ...

Post-mortem hypostasis develops due to passive settling of the blood under the effect of gravity after death. Due to consumption of oxygen in the tissues by residual cellular activity after the circulation has stopped, lividity is composed of deoxygenated blood. It has been previously shown that cooling of a body ...

Objective. Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is defined as episodic ischemia of the extremities in response to cold. Although the structure of skin capillaries is normal in primary RP, some data suggest impairment of microvascular function. We aimed at testing whether digital skin blood flow was lower in RP than in controls ...

Brain activity during a verbal fluency task (VFT) has been the target of many functional imaging studies. Most studies using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have reported major activation in the frontal pole, but those using PET or fMRI have not. This led us to hypothesize that changes in the NIRS signals ...

We present a full field laser Doppler imaging instrument, which enables real-time in vivo assessment of blood flow in dermal tissue and skin. This instrument monitors the blood perfusion in an area of about 50 cm(2) with 480 × 480 pixels per frame at a rate of 12-14 frames per ...

Reasons for performing the study: Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) occurs in nearly all strenuously exercising horses. Recent studies have attempted to identify the role of free blood within the airspaces, in the lung fibrosis that develops within the lungs of EIPH horses. Hypothesis: Repeated exposure of the equine lung to ...

Cyanide (CN(-)) is widely distributed in the ecosystem and has been associated with toxic effects in humans and animals. Most outbreaks of CNֿ poisoning in animals result from ingestion of plants containing cyanogenic glycosides. Various analytical techniques for estimating cyanide in blood are available. A simple picrate method was developed ...

To examine the cross-sectional associations of components of the complete blood cell count with retinal vessel diameters. The data are from the baseline examination of the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort (n = 4730) from March 1, 1988, to September 14, 1990. Blood pressure was measured, a medical history including questions on ...

Impaired ocular blood flow is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous ocular diseases like glaucoma or AMD. The purpose of the present study was to introduce and validate a novel, microscope based, non invasive laser Doppler flowmeter (NI-LDF) for measurement of blood flow in the choroid. The custom made NI-LDF ...

Background: The time from sampling to analysis can be delayed when blood samples are shipped to distant reference laboratories or when analysis cannot be readily performed. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of hematologic analytes in blood samples from monkeys, rabbits, rats, and mice when ...

The aqueous outflow system is unique because nowhere else can the pattern of flow of an extravascular fluid be directly observed as it returns to the vascular system. Such observations reveal that aqueous flow both from Schlemm's canal into the aqueous veins and from the aqueous veins into the episcleral ...

To investigate and compare the effects of Electrothermal Bian-stone moxibustion and traditional box-moxibustion on capillary blood perfusion in the body surface. Twenty healthy subjects, 18 females and 2 males, aged averagely 36 years, were enrolled in this experiment. The traditional box-moxibustion and electrothermal Bian-stone moxibustion were respectively given on the ...