A filter air sampler has been developed for sampling radionuclide aerosol particles from the workplace environment. It provides easy filter changing, constant flow sampling, and a visual display to indicate proper operation. An experimental study was conducted to characterize the collection efficiency of the sampler as affected by variations in ...

The authors present the results of pulsed flow cascade filtration (PFCF) for low density lipoprotein (LDL) and lipoprolein a (La) removal in four patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Forty-six treatments were performed. Pressure and flow pulsations were superimposed on the retentate of the secondary filter using a modified single roller peristaltic ...

Carbohydrate sinks have been described by their ability to attract photosynthate, denoted by sink strength, and by their priority rank ordering for supply in the presence of a reduced availability of photosynthate. Sink strength has been defined as the rate of carbohydrate flow into a sink, but this flow rate ...

INTRODUCTION: Sensitive screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) and other disorders requires accurate measurement of analytes in blood eluted from filter paper. The development of new quantitative methods for phenylalanine measurement in dried blood spots for PKU screening has introduced an increased number of calibrators provided with the kits. We compared the ...

As a consequence of a murder investigation, it became necessary to determine whether blood was present on a note prior to the handwritten entries being deposited on the paper. A simple and non-destructive technique using a profile projector was developed to allow such a determination to be made and photographed.

A program of twice yearly testing of Alaska Native carriers of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), for alpha-fetoprotein elevations as an indicator of early hepatocellular carcinoma has been established in Alaska. Because many HBsAg carriers live in remote regions of Alaska, logistical and cost considerations complicate the efficiency of this program. ...

PURPOSE: In vitro and in vivo investigations were performed to evaluate the Irie retrievable inferior vena caval (IVC) filter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clot capturing performance of the Irie and five other IVC filters were assessed in both horizontal and vertical orientations within a pulsed-flow circuit with 240 clot challenges ...

At flow onset the blood filtration rate accelerates to a steady state, this may affect the interpretation of red blood cell (RBC) filterability. We studied the acceleration of flow while the pressure is built up across the filter to analyse effects of various hematocrits and RBC rigidity by glutaraldehyde (GA) ...

To determine the extent to which Wuchereria bancrofti infections can be detected in asymptomatic amicrofilaraemic men in Greater Recife, Brazil, we studied 100 asymptomatic men who were long-term residents (> or = 15 years) of this filariasis-endemic area and who were amicrofilaraemic in 60 microL of capillary blood collected at ...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review the various types of filters used for red blood cell and platelet transfusions and to explain the trend in the use of leukocyte removal filters, practical information about their use, considerations in the selection of a filtration method, and cost-effectiveness issues. DATA SOURCES: Published articles, books, and ...

Residual samples from blood spots (i.e., whole blood spotted onto filter paper) are a useful source for epidemiological screening studies involving newborns. However, the small volume of blood available from residual blood spots complicates the assay. A method for analyzing benzoylecgonine (BZE; the primary metabolite of cocaine) in blood spots, ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate a phenylalanine dehydrogenase-coupled enzymatic assay for blood-spot phenylalanine (Phe) automated on the COBAS MIRA S analyzer for monitoring Phe in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, as part of a home testing program. METHODS AND RESULTS: This method required a four-point calibration with each run and the useful ...

We report the measure of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) from extracts of blood dried on filter paper. Five 3-mm (diameter) paper discs containing approximately 25 microL of dried whole blood were punched from the filter paper and extracted with 500 microL of buffer. Recovery of PSA was > 92%. Imprecision of ...

BACKGROUND: The cytokine network has important implications for the systemic inflammatory and metabolic response in trauma and infection. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of white blood cell (WBC) filtration on the cytokine content in red blood cell concentrates (RBCs). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Tumor necrosis ...

OBJECTIVE: To facilitate HbA1c determination, we evaluated an HbA1c filter paper system enabling capillary blood sampling at home by the patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Capillary blood (two drops) was applied to a filter paper (HbA1c Via Post) and sent to the laboratory where a small disc was punched out ...

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the isoelectric focusing/immunoblotting/laser densitometry (IEF/IB/LD) procedure to evaluate carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) derived from dry blood spots. Serum specimens obtained from insurance applicants were analyzed for CDT by IEF/IB/LD. Dry blood spots derived from 50 serum specimens were analyzed by ...

Depending on logistics, whole blood has to be stored for several hours after collection. If storage time exceeds 8 h, storage has to be at 1-6 degrees C to comply with FDA regulations. In the Netherlands, however, whole blood is also stored for 12-15 h at 20-24 degrees C using ...

We measured the filter performance of six polyamide hemofilters with a running time exceeding 72 h applied for continuous hemofiltration in intensive care patients. The sieving coefficients for urea and creatinine were close to unity and remained constant. The sieving coefficient of polyfructosan (mean molecular weight 3 kD) was around ...

BACKGROUND: Autologous blood transfusion has been avoided in cancer surgery because of the metastatic potential of reinfused tumour cells. METHODS: This study evaluated the efficacy of a blood transfusion filter in removing tumour cells from blood. Whole human blood was admixed with two different malignant cell lines (breast cancer PM1 ...

We present a method for the determination of blood glucose using dried filter paper blood spots. To validate this method, we compared our results using filter paper and simultaneously collected venous blood. We demonstrated that there is a linear relationship between the filter paper glucose levels and those determined in ...

The ability of two low resistance barrier filters (Collins DC-1 and Pall Pf 305) to remove bacteria from expired air was assessed. A specially designed coupling device was used to hold each filter or a disposable plain cardboard mouthpiece a fixed distance (4.5 cm) from a blood agar plate. Volunteers ...

The effect of temperature on the flow of diluted blood [Hct = 0.21], through 5 mu m Nuclepore filters, is described by the Arrhenius equation with an energy of activation of 27.7 kJ/mol. Plasma, diluted with PBS, is almost three times less sensitive to temperature, with an energy of activation ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate in vitro the function efficacy of a new variable-sized, temporary venous filter, the Spring filter (SF). METHODS: The SF was tested in a flow phantom, using flexible, thin-walled polyethylene tubes 12, 14, and 16 mm in diameter to simulate veins. Clots of three sizes were used: 6 ...

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of the bandwidth on parameters that are used to quantify glottal airflow waveforms that have been obtained by inverse filtering the acoustic signals. Three bandwidths (1, 2, and 4 kHz) were compared using /a/ vowels of different phonation types. Glottal ...

To eliminate complicated procedures for taking blood samples in the field work for prostatic mass screening, we developed a method for PSA testing using blood samples taken from the ear lobe and dried on a filter paper. The stability, the diagnostic efficacy, and the cost-benefit effect of the method were ...

OBJECTIVES: The techniques and equipment used for cardiopulmonary bypass for adult cardiac surgery vary among institutions and may change over time. This study sought to document the changing patterns of practice. DESIGN: Voluntary survey of meeting participants. SETTING: 13th Annual San Diego Cardiothoracic Surgery Symposium (February 1993). PARTICIPANTS: There were ...

Dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper have potential as a collection method in screening for haematinic deficiencies. Factors influencing the volumetric precision of uniform 'centre' punches (6.35 mm diameter) removed from dried blood spots have been evaluated. The volume of blood in each DBS punch (n = 234) was ...

BACKGROUND: Concern has been raised about the quality of white cell (WBC)-reduced red cells (RBCs) obtained by bedside filtration. The bedside performance and workload of a routine bedside filter have been compared to the laboratory performance and workload of two blood bank filter systems. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Buffy coat-depleted ...

A 43-year-old man with high blood pressure developed visual loss in his left eye. He was found to have bilateral disk edema with cotton wool spots present in the temporal arcades and peripapillary hemorrhages. The presence of the cotton wool spots in the arcades is highly suggestive of hypertension as ...

We report a simple method for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of whole blood samples collected on filter paper. The blood spot was used directly in the PCR after treatment with methanol. We evaluated this assay using clinical samples collected from subjects in a Plasmodium falciparum vaccine trial and ...

Using a prototype system we determine the dynamic behaviour of the clogging effect of an erythrocyte suspension flow via micropore filters. The system functions as a simple electronic device and a characteristic curve of the change in height of the level of RBC suspension which flows through the filter versus ...

Register shift between the chest and falsetto register is generally studied in the higher-than-speaking pitch range. However, a similar difference can also be produced at speaking pitch level. The shift from breathy "falsetto" phonation to normal chest voice phonation was studied in normal female (pitch range 170-180 Hz) and male ...

The use of Cell Saver blood during revision hip arthroplasty has many benefits, both medical and economic. After a review of the current literature, to our knowledge, no case of metallic debris has been reported in the blood after complete treatment with the Haemonetics Cell Saver (Braintree, MA) and appropriate ...

This study deals with methods focused on estimating blood velocity. The estimation of the linear trend function of a non-stationary signal based on the adaptive recursive estimation of the mean value function is used for the determination of the time delay of two indicator dilution curves. The filter property of ...

A new plastic-walled, evacuated blood collection tube (Terumo Venoject II) with plasma separator was evaluated for characteristics related to the use of plastic in place of glass. Plastic tubes were highly resistant to breakage through handling mishaps or failure during centrifugation. Higher centrifugation speed (13,600g) was well tolerated, and centrifugation ...

Different ways of eluting IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii from blood spots on PKU filter papers from newborns were examined, and the eluate was analysed by Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (EIA). 10-mm diameter discs (method A), and 3-mm discs (method B) were eluted overnight, and 3-mm discs were eluted directly for ...

In-line leukocyte reduction filters (LRF) are available for use with an automated plateletpheresis (PPH) system. Initially, 62% of PPH units produced with such a filter (LRF6, N = 29) had postfiltration (POF) white blood cell (WBC) counts < 5 x 10(6), with a mean POF WBC of 42 x 10(6). ...

Ocular microangiopathic syndrome is the most frequent ophthalmic finding in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ocular microvascular changes, including cotton-wool spots, are closely associated with neuroretinal and cognitive deficits in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cell adhesion has become an important pathogenetic concept in ...

In previous reports, aerodynamic and acoustic measures of voice production were presented for groups of normal male and female speakers [Holmberg et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, 511-529 (1988); J. Voice 3, 294-305 (1989)] that were used as norms in studies of voice disorders [Hillman et al., J. Speech ...

We developed and evaluated an automated screening test for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) using EDTA-2Na-treated whole blood and an extract of paper disk-absorbed dried whole blood from 60 hemophiliacs infected with HIV-1 and 210 diseased and healthy controls. The specificity and the sensitivity of this system ...

PURPOSE: To determine the influence of filter leg-interlocking on filtering efficiency of titanium Greenfield inferior vena cava filters in an in vitro model. METHODS: Titanium Greenfield filters (TGF) were placed in an inferior vena cava (IVC) flow phantom with no interlocking legs, or with one or two pairs of legs ...

This paper introduces a new methodology of carrying out heterogeneous immunoassays automatically, using a flow injection technique on a renewable surface. Flow injection renewable surface immunoassay (FIRSI) relies on the use of a minute amount of beads to form a reactive surface, which is interrogated by fluorescence spectrometry. Following the ...

PURPOSE: A new stainless steel (MP35N alloy) vena cava filter without a central stasis point was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clot-trapping efficiency and hemodynamic flow pattern of the filter were assessed in a flow model and were compared with those of currently available commercial ...

We describe direct immunofluorometric assays for luteinizing hormone (hLH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) in fingerstick blood spots dried on filter paper, based on modifications of commercially available kits. Determinations are made from 2.5-mm-diameter discs (3 microL of dried blood) punched out from blood spot standards and samples. Sample dose detection ...

To detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA, filter paper spotted with peripheral blood from newborns 4 to 7 days after birth was dried and subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Southern blot hybridization with a nonradioactive oligonucleotide probe. The detection rates were 25.1% in healthy individuals and 33.0% ...

On June and August in 1989, cutaneous hemorrhagic parafilariasis was found in two cattle among 30 pregnant dairy cattle transported from Hokkaido to Chiba Prefecture. One adult female worm each was recovered from the blood spot in both cattle. Ivermectin oral administration, dosage rate of 200 micrograms/kg body weight, had ...

Large-scale surveys of immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases may be limited by the inconvenience and expense involved in collection of blood by venepuncture. An alternative method of collecting blood on filter paper for measurement of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus is described. The precut filter disks (Elisadiscs), originally developed for serological ...

Filter paper was used as a support to absorb micro samples of finger prick blood for detection of antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica (causative organism of amebiasis) by a rapid dipstick dot-EIA technique; 8 microliters of blood was sufficient to saturate discs (diameter 6 mm) of Whatman paper No. 3. Conditions ...

The further developed adsorption filter Sepacell PL 5/10 II has been evaluated for the white blood cell (WBC) removal from platelet concentrates (PCs) collected using a blood cell separator Fresenius AS 104 (F) or Haemonetics PCS Plus (H). Filtration was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions by gravity and ...

Leukocyte filtration was performed with HTLV-I-infected blood and with blood supplemented with cultured HTLV-I-transformed cells. Reduction of infectivity upon leukocyte filtration was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers indicative for the HTLV-I-pol and tax genes. Two different commercially available filters were used: a column-shaped cellulose acetate and ...