The flow and leakage characteristics of the air-curtain fume hood under high temperature operation (between 100(o)C and 250(o)C) were studied. Laser-assisted flow visualization technique was used to reveal the hot plume movements in the cabinet and the critical conditions for the hood-top leakage. The sulfur hexafluoride tracer-gas concentration test method ...

Purpose:  To assess subfoveal choroidal blood flow (ChBF) in patients with early manifest glaucoma (EMG) and to compare blood flow with functional measures of central retinal integrity, standard automated perimetry (SAP) and pattern electroretinogram (PERG). Methods:  Subfoveal ChBF was determined by confocal, real-time laser Doppler flowmetry in 24 patients with ...

To assess whether middle cerebral artery (MCA) vasospasm reduces the flow volume in the corresponding extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) or global cerebral blood flow volume (CBFV) in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) patients, a colour duplex ultrasound study of the intra- and extracranial cerebral arteries was performed. MCA vasospasm was defined ...

BACKGROUND: Although several studies have shown that perioperative blood transfusion is a poor prognostic factor of outcome after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the impact of perioperative blood transfusion on the prognosis of HCC remains unknown. METHODS: Data from 835 patients (76 transfused patients and 759 nontransfused patients) who underwent ...

Limited evidence exists on the relationships between severity of white-matter lesions (WMLs) and cerebral hemodynamics in patients without major cerebral artery disease. To examine changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen metabolism, and vascular reserve capacity associated with severity of WML in patients with lacunar stroke, we used a positron ...

BACKGROUND: Whether the duration of storage of blood has an impact on patient outcomes remains controversial. The objective was to determine feasibility of a comparative effectiveness trial to evaluate duration of storage of blood before transfusion on in-hospital mortality. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A single-center randomized controlled trial was performed ...

INTRODUCTION: To examine the comparative short-term effects of brimonidine/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol on ocular perfusion pressure and retrobulbar blood flow in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (OAG). METHODS: In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study, intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and retrobulbar hemodynamics were assessed ...

INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiology of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is not entirely clear, but one of the possible underlying mechanisms is the alteration of the cerebral microvascular function. The aim of the present work was to test whether cerebral vasomotor reactivity is impaired in patients with severe sepsis. METHODS: Patients fulfilling the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Current ischemic stroke reperfusion therapy consists of intravenous thrombolysis given in eligible patients after review of a noncontrast CT scan and a time-based window of opportunity. Rapid clot lysis has a strong association with clinical improvement but remains incomplete in many patients. This review appraises novel adjunctive ...

Systemic-to-pulmonary collateral arteries (SPCs) are common in patients with single-ventricle physiology, but their impact on clinical outcomes is unclear. The aim of this study was to use retrospective cardiac magnetic resonance data to determine the relation between SPC flow and palliative stage and clinical status in single-ventricle physiology. Of 116 ...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by increased venous and arterial thrombotic risk. Nevertheless, how hemorheological alterations contribute to thrombotic risk remains a question of debate. We aimed to determine the rheological profile in 105 patients with SLE (24 with a thrombotic event) and 105 healthy controls. We determined blood ...

The HeartMate II (Thoratec Corp, Pleasanton, CA) continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) improved survival in destination therapy (DT) patients during a randomized trial compared with pulsatile-flow LVADs. This study documented changes in cognitive performance in DT patients from that trial to determine if there were differences between continuous-flow and ...

  Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) induced by a Chinese medicinal herb Tusanqi is increasingly being reported in recent years. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of using blood pyrrole-protein adducts test as a confirmatory diagnostic method.   Patients with HSOS according to international diagnostic criteria ...

Objectives- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of assessing blood flow in the coronary sinus by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography for detecting coronary artery stenosis in hypertensive patients. Methods- Flow in the coronary sinus was studied in 105 participants who all had undergone coronary angiography: 35 nonhypertensive ...

Safety and efficacy concerns of allogeneic blood transfusions and their impact on patient outcomes and associated staggering costs and restricted supply have fueled the quest for other modalities and strategies to reduce use of blood components. Patient blood management focuses on multidisciplinary and multimodal preventive measures to reduce or obviate ...

Real-time intra-procedure information about ischemic brain damage degree may help physicians in taking decisions about pursuing or not recanalization efforts. METHODS: We studied gasometric parameters of blood samples drawn through microcatheter in 16 stroke patients who received endovascular reperfusion procedures. After crossing the clot with microcatheter, blood sample was obtained ...

Introduction. Patients with β-thalassemia intermedia have a higher incidence of thromboembolic events compared to the general population. Previous studies have shown that patients with sickle cell disease, who are also prone to ischemic events, have higher intracranial arterial blood flow velocities measured by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD). The aim of ...

PURPOSE: Microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPH) are hemostatic beads engineered from plant starch to accelerate the natural clotting cascade. The purpose of this report is to detail our initial experience with MPH as a topical hemostatic agent during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS: We examined a single surgeon series of 30 ...

This study investigated the impact of preoperative clopidogrel on bleeding complications and survival during and after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and assessed the possible role of the antifibrinolytic agent aprotinin for attenuating blood loss after clopidogrel exposure. Prospectively collected data of 753 consecutive adult patients undergoing OPCABG were ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate cerebral hemodynamics in patients requiring surgical treatment for lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty patients who underwent surgery to remove a lobar spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were scanned before and after surgery using perfusion CT mapping. Mean transit time, time ...

OBJECTIVES: The unit cost for crossmatching blood is £137.22 (€158.94). A maximum surgical blood order schedule for elective EVAR does not exist. We studied the crossmatch to transfusion ratio in our series to establish this recommendation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single centre retrospective study of consecutive EVAR cases between October ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Evidence-based patient blood management (PBM) is aimed at achieving better patient outcomes by relying on a patient's own blood rather than on donor blood. This review covers the rationale behind PBM, the treatment modalities involved and the drivers to adopt PBM as a new standard of care. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent and severe complication of cirrhosis. A single determination of ammonia in venous blood correlates poorly with neurological symptoms. Thus, a better biological marker is needed. Aim : To make a diagnosis of HE, we explored the value of ammonia in capillary blood, ...

Objective.  Amitriptyline (10-50 mg) is the most common drug prescribed for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Amitriptyline influences the autonomic nervous system, as is well known; fibromyalgia is also associated with dysautonomia. The present preliminary study was designed to observe the effects of amitriptyline prescribed in a low dose (10 mg) on the ...

Introduction  Preoperative estimation of intra-operative blood loss by both anaesthetist and operating surgeon is a criterion of the World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist. The checklist requires specific preoperative planning when anticipated blood loss is greater than 500 mL. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of surgeons ...

Objective: To evaluate whether early mobilization after acute ischaemic stroke is better than delayed mobilization with regard to medical complications and if it is safe in relation to neurological function and cerebral blood flow.Design: Randomized controlled pilot trial of early versus delayed mobilization out of bed with incidence of severe ...

Early reocclusion is a major concern associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with an ischemic cerebral stroke. This occurs most frequently in patients with partial initial recanalization. This study focuses on partial recanalization with stagnant antegrade flow after intravenous (IV) tPA or spontaneously, treated with the administration of intra-arterial ...

The aim of this paper was to provide an insight on the role of the ophthalmic artery blood flow changes due to significant carotid stenosis and the effects of carotid revascularization on the eye and cerebral circulation. An electronic search (Medline) of the English literature was attempted. Measurements of Peak ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine erythrocyte phenotyping in blood donors and patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) treated at Hemocentro of Alagoas and describe the frequency and factors associated with erythrocyte alloimmunization. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 102 SS patients and 100 blood donors. The following tests were performed: erythrocyte phenotyping, Direct and ...

Clozapine remains the drug of choice for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, who show a response rate of about 50% despite their unresponsiveness to other antipsychotics. Although treatment with clozapine can lead to considerable savings on bed days, the drug is underutilized for several reasons, perhaps most importantly because of the ...

Abnormal immunological responses to certain microbial agents may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD). The association studies between histo-blood group genes (Lewis and ABO blood types) and various types of infectious diseases or vasculopathy have been carried out based on the fact that glycosylated antigens ...

PURPOSE: Expiratory flow towards the upper airway after swallowing serves to expel liquid or food particles misdirected towards the trachea during swallowing. However, expiration may not occur consistently after swallowing in tracheostomised patients with an open tracheostomy tube. We investigated the effect of a speaking valve (SV) on breathing-swallowing interactions ...

Background/Aims: Pancreatic body cancer often involves the common hepatic artery and/or the celiac axis, and is regarded as an unresectable disease. Hepatic blood flow must be monitored while performing distal pancreatectomy with en bloc celiac axis resection (DP-CAR) for managing the progression of pancreatic body cancer. We first confirmed a ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Anemia is the most common hematologic problem preoperatively. In itself it compromises the outcome of surgical patients, and additionally results in more frequent allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions which again independently compromise patient outcome. In elective cardiac surgery as well as in other surgical specialties the ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the recent developments in the strategies to reduce allogeneic blood transfusions with emphasis on the impact on clinical outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Concerns over the safety, efficacy, and supply of allogeneic blood continue to necessitate its judicious use as the standard of care. Patient blood management ...

INTRODUCTION: Failing Fontan circulation is a multifactorial problem without clear predictors and with uncertain onset. We sought to investigate the correlations between systemic venous flow return and the clinical condition of Fontan patients. METHODS: Flow measurements using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed in the superior and inferior ...

PURPOSE: To apply time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) phase contrast MRI with three-directional velocity encoding (flow-sensitive 4D MRI) for the characterization of flow pattern changes in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) compared with normal controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flow-sensitive 4D MRI of the thoracic aorta (temporal resolution ∼45 ms, spatial resolution ∼2.4 ...

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to analyze 3-dimensional (3D) blood flow patterns within the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) using in vivo phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI). METHODS: Sixteen single-ventricle patients were prospectively recruited at 2 leading pediatric institutions for PC MRI evaluation of their Fontan pathway. Patients were divided into ...

Blood cysts of the mitral valve are mostly benign diverticuli lined by endothelium and filled with blood and can be safely monitored with echocardiographic follow-up. We report a case of asymptomatic blood cyst of the mitral valve in a 63-year-old woman referred for a systolic murmur. At 3-year echo follow-up, ...

We carefully studied all the three published papers in your journal as "ABO and Rh Blood group distribution in patients with endometriosis" and "Associations of ABO blood groups with various gynecologic diseases" and would like to express our point of view about them.

Flow diversion prostheses represent a new endovascular approach aimed at treating patients with large wide-neck aneurysms. Our objective is to present this new technology, to review the clinical studies on efficacy, and to emphasize its current limits. Flow diversion prostheses consist of a cylinder made of a large number of ...

The objective of our study was to evaluate the blood flow characteristics of the radial and ulnar arteries of the hands of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) either in the neutral position or in provocative positions using color Doppler imaging. Subjects with relevant complaints of CTS and positive Tinel ...

More frequent blood drawing may result in hospital-acquired anemia.

Monitoring various physiological parameters and their derangements provides a valuable tool for management of severely brain injured patients. The various parameters and their monitoring tools include but are not all inclusive are cerebral blood flow and oxygen monitoring, jugular bulb oximetry, intracerebral microdialysis and continuous electroencephalography. It needs to be ...

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the efficacy of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) combined with blood transfusion for patients with crush syndrome from an earthquake. METHODS: Eight patients with crush syndrome were included. CRRT were performed in six of eight patients with crush syndrome, and transfusion was performed in all eight patients. ...

Blood may be transfused as whole blood or as one of its components. Because patients seldom require all of the components of whole blood, it makes sense to transfuse only that portion needed by the patient for a specific condition or disease. This treatment, known as "blood component therapy", allows ...

BACKGROUND: /st>Revision hip arthroplasty (RHA) is associated with high rates of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT). We aimed to determine factors associated with ABT in patients undergoing RHA in Scottish hospitals, with particular focus on perioperative cell salvage (PCS). METHODS: /st>A prospective observational cohort study of RHA procedures performed in 11 ...

Blood sampling for laboratory testing is a major cause of iatrogenic blood loss and anemia in neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] patients. The objective of the study was to assess whether the implementation of a multi-parameter Point of Care Test [POCT] (Roche, Cobas b221) analyzer affected blood loss for central ...

BACKGROUND: Large use of allogeneic red blood cell concentrates (RBCc), albeit necessary in major surgery, may influence patients' outcome. DESIGN AND METHODS: We introduced an integrated strategy including patients' evaluation and supplementation associated with autologous blood collection and saving to support major elective surgery at our hospital since 2008. After ...

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that blood flow impacts on arteriolar wall-to-lumen ratio and that vasodilatory capacity is negatively related to arteriolar wall-to-lumen ratio in the human retinal vascular bed. METHODS: The study cohort comprised 141 non-diabetic untreated male patients with (n=52) or without (n=89) arterial hypertension but without evidence for cardiovascular ...