Recent studies have indicated that plantar-based vibration may be an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. We addressed the hypothesis of whether the plantar vibration operated by way of the skeletal muscle pump, resulting in enhanced blood and fluid flow to the lower body. We combined plantar ...

PURPOSE: We tested the hypotheses that short-term casting immobilization of a leg would reduce basal blood flow and vascular conductance and induces structural alterations in femoral artery. METHODS: Right knee and ankle joints of eight healthy young men were immobilized with casting for 7 d. Before and immediately after casting, ...

We showed previously that microbubble destruction with pulsed 1-MHz ultrasound creates a bioeffect that stimulates arteriogenesis and a chronic increase in hyperemia blood flow in normal rat muscle. Here we tested whether ultrasonic microbubble destruction can be used to create a microvascular remodeling response that restores hyperemia blood flow to ...

Check if the stimulation of the leg muscles and neuro-sensorial system during stand test influence the cardiovascular response to stand test pre and post a 7 d HDT (4 subjects). Methods: After 20 min supine, the subject stood for 10 min, and closed the eyes for 1 min. Then he ...

This study was undertaken to determine the natural history of physical function in older men limited by intermittent claudication. Forty-three men limited by intermittent claudication (mean age, 69 +/- 7 years) were recruited and followed up for 18 months. At baseline the patients reported a history of intermittent claudication for ...

BACKGROUND: Angiogenic therapy for ischemic tissues using angiogenic growth factors has been reported on an experimental and a clinical level. Electroporation enhances the efficiency of plasmid-based gene transfer in a variety of tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the angiogenic effects of plasmid-based gene transfer using basic ...

AIM: Inadequate muscle blood flow is a possible explanation for reduced fatigue resistance in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS: In rats with post-infarction CHF we electrically stimulated the soleus muscle (SOL) in situ with intact blood supply. Contractile properties, blood flow, high-energy phosphates and metabolites were measured during ...

Blood flow is believed to be a key parameter in the formation and management of lower limb wounds. Patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) have high venous pressures, due to the partial or complete failure of calf muscle pump, which in turn disturbs the local blood flow within the lower ...

Oxygen tension (pO2) in muscles and regional blood flow were measured in a rabbit model of limb ischemia. pO2 was measured repetitively by EPR oximetry with EMS char in four different muscle groups in the same animals. Blood flow in the same muscles at several time points was measured using ...

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that leg blood flow and leg O2 extraction during peak exercise are reduced with age in healthy normally active women. METHODS: Thirteen younger (20-27 yr) and 12 older (60-71 yr) nonendurance trained women performed graded upright leg cycling to maximum exertion (VO2peak), while leg blood ...

BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle ventricles (SMVs) connected to the descending thoracic aorta have the potential for providing long-term diastolic augmentation. A successful existing design employs a bifurcated conduit, but aortic constriction between the limbs of the conduit is required to ensure obligatory flow-through. Here we evaluate an alternative approach in which ...

Aim: To measure in vivo the femoral venous blood pH in response to external lower limb compression in cardiac catheterization patients. Patients and Method: The pH was measured in discrete samples of blood withdrawn from the femoral vein before, during and after insertion of the catheterized leg into the graduated ...

The vascular structure of mammalian skeletal muscle has been intensively investigated for the last seventy years. Since the early work of Pappenheimer and Barlow, the existence of a parallel dual vascular pathway has been suggested to explain the differences between total flow and clearance rates of a variety of infused ...

We hypothesized that venous obstruction by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) only slightly augments venous outflow from lower limbs by active ankle movements. If our hypothesis is true, we thought that we could develop a new screening method for DVT using duplex ultrasonography. Subjects were 22 lower limbs of 11 patients ...

Laser Doppler flux (LDF) is a product of the concentration of moving blood cells (CMBC) and the blood cell velocity (BCV). In an attempt to obtain more information about the cutaneous microcirculation in legs with venous ulcers and in healthy legs, the dynamics of the curves of the LDF, the ...

Intermittent pneumatic compression has become widely used to prevent deep venous thrombosis potentially causing fatal pulmonary embolism. Although uniform compression has been commonly applied, a new method of sequential compression from plantar to calf has recently been developed. In this report, changes in maximum blood flow velocity in the femoral ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies comparing paretic limb blood flow with the unaffected limb have been contradictory and have often omitted comparisons of peak reactive hyperemic flow. Our objective was to perform bilateral measurements of resting and reactive hyperemic blood flow in the lower legs of chronic (>6 months) stroke patients. A ...

AIM: To measure muscle blood flow (MBF) using photoplethysmography (PPG) following concentric muscular activity of the leg (active treatment) or passive venous compression (passive treatment) with or without venous obstruction. METHODS: In study A, blood flow in the anterior tibial muscle was measured in 15 healthy subjects with a mean ...

Endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum with microscopic examination of biopsy material was performed in 66 patients with lower limbs chronic ischemia before reconstructive surgeries on aorto-ilio-femoral segment. High incidence (30.3%) of erosive-ulcerous diseases of the stomach and duodenum was revealed, 12% of the patients had undergone surgeries on ...

The precise role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise has been challenging to define in humans, partly because of the limited techniques available for measuring blood flow in active muscle. Recent studies using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to measure changes in tissue ...

Colour-flow M-mode ultrasonography in three dimensions (two spatial, one temporal) was used to assess the effects of intermittent pneumatic compression on the blood flow velocities in the common femoral vein and artery. The linear array of a standard 3-D system was held in place over the vessels, to record while ...

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials have shown that transmyocardial laser revascularization is an effective secondary treatment for ischemic heart disease patients. Laser revascularization may also provide an alternative method for treating peripheral vascular disease. METHODS: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential for laser revascularization in ischemic skeletal muscle. ...

Peripheral arterial disease results in insufficient blood supply to the leg. Assessment of blood flow may provide information about severity of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has potential use for simple, fast quantitative blood flow measurement. We investigated normal blood flow values for age and sex in the common ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with reduced blood flow and muscle oxidative metabolism. Patients with CFS according to Centers for Disease Control criteria (n = 19) were compared with normal sedentary subjects (n = 11). Muscle blood flow was measured ...

Standing translocates thoracic blood volume into the dependent body. The skeletal muscle pump participates in preventing orthostatic intolerance by enhancing venous return. We investigated the hypothesis that skeletal muscle pump function is impaired in postural tachycardia (POTS) associated with low calf blood flow (low-flow POTS) and depends in general on ...

PURPOSE: To determine if there is increased flow to the pylorus in infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) and, if so, whether the flow is localized to the muscle layer, mucosal layer, or both. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five infants examined for clinical suspicion of HPS were prospectively recruited for the ...

Blood flow adapts quickly after the onset of exercise to meet the metabolic demands of skeletal muscle. This review approaches the issue of how rapidly blood flow adapts and what the mechanisms for adaptation are primarily from a control theory perspective. Several recent papers have suggested that O2 transport proceeds ...

The increase in blood flow that accompanies the start of contractions (active hyperemia) is a complex phenomenon involving a fast phase in which blood flow increases quickly and then slows or decreases (seek phase) before stabilizing at a flow corresponding to the metabolic rate (matched phase). This pattern of blood ...

Previous studies have shown increased fatigue in paralyzed muscle of spinal cord-injured (SCI) patients (Castro M, Apple D Jr, Hillegass E, and Dudley GA. Eur J Appl Physiol 80: 373-378, 1999; Gerrits H, Hopman MTE, Sargeant A, and de Haan A. Clin Physiol 21: 105-113, 2001). Our purpose was to ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare leg blood flow and the long-term cardiovascular prognosis in men with typical and atypical intermittent claudication (IC) according to Rose's questionnaire. METHODS: Leg blood flow during reactive hyperaemia was assessed at 55 years of age by calf plethysmography. Measurement of the systolic ankle-arm pressure index was used ...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about blood flow and its relationship to respiration during exercise in patients with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 11 patients 12.4+/-4.6 years (mean+/-SD) of age 5.9+/-2.8 years (mean+/-SD) after TCPC operation. Real-time MRI was used to measure blood flow in the superior ...

To assess the role of arterial baroreflex control in muscle blood flow (MBF) and voluntary locomotion, mean arterial pressure (MAP), MBF, and electromyograms (EMGs) were measured in freely moving mice before (CNT) and after blocking the afferent or efferent pathway of arterial baroreflexes, carotid sinus denervation (CSD), or intraperitoneal administration ...

Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is defined by orthostatic intolerance associated with abnormal upright tachycardia. Some patients have defective peripheral vasoconstriction and increased calf blood flow. Others have increased peripheral arterial resistance and decreased blood flow. In 14 POTS patients (13-19 yr) evenly subdivided among low-flow POTS (LFP) and high-flow POTS ...

By means of a gamma camera technique involving a bolus injection of autologous 99mTc-labeled erythrocytes, we found that despite a tourniquet on the limb, the erythrocytes entered the bone marrow, and caused oozing in both lower (10 subjects) and upper limbs (14 subjects). The 24 healthy volunteers, 18 men, had ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of electric stimulation (ES)-induced twitch with tetanic leg muscle contractions on blood flow responses and to assess blood flow responses in the contralateral inactive leg. DESIGN: Intervention with within-subject comparisons. SETTING: University research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: A volunteer sample of 12 healthy men (mean age, 25.1+/-3.0y). ...

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increasing muscle contraction frequency, which alters the duty cycle and metabolic rate, would increase the contribution of the contractile phase to mean venous blood flow in isolated skeletal muscle during rhythmic contractions. Canine gastrocnemius muscle (n = 5) was ...

The effects of Chinese medicines on micro-circulation and blood flow velocity in arteries of the lower limbs were observed in 33 patients with arteriosclerotic obliteration (ASO). The results showed that the integral values of micro-circulation after treatment were obviously higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05 or P < ...

The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with reduced blood flow and oxidative delivery to skeletal muscle. Patients with CFS according to CDC (Center for Disease Control) criteria ( n =19) were compared with normal sedentary subjects ( n =11). Muscle blood ...

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to determine whether spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects have decreased femoral artery diameter and maximal hyperemic blood flow when expressed per unit of muscle volume compared with able-bodied (AB) individuals. A secondary purpose was to determine whether blood flow recovery rates were similar between groups. METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is related to defective peripheral vasoconstriction of dependent extremities with redistributive hypovolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: To test whether enhanced microvascular filtration produces leg enlargement, we studied 12 patients 13 to 19 years of age with POTS and defective leg vasoconstriction and 13 age-matched healthy control ...

BACKGROUND: Major vascular surgery with aortic cross-clamping is associated with temporary ischaemia of the lower limb due to lack of tissue blood flow. The present study was designed to determine if the short-term changes in cellular metabolism occurring during this situation can be detected by subcutaneous microdialysis. It was also ...

We previously demonstrated that sustained disturbance of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and poor distal runoff in ischemic limbs were critical factors affecting the neointimal development of autologous vein grafts (VGs). Also, we recently showed the superior therapeutic potential of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF/FGF-2) boosted by the recombinant Sendai virus (SeV) for ...

Wave-exposure influences the form of many organisms. Curiously, the impact of flow extremes on feeding structures has received little attention. Barnacles extend feather-like legs to feed, and prior work revealed a highly precise association between leg length and water velocity in one species. To assess the generality of this flow-dependence, ...

A feasibility study for diagnosing deep vein thrombosis utilizing near-infrared continuous wave spectroscopy was performed, as a real-time, non-invasive, and inexpensive method. The probe contains two light sources and two detectors with optical filters that monitor reflected light at wavelengths 760 and 850 nm to measure the changes in the ...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of autologous marrow stromal cells (MSCs) on neovascularization and blood flow in an animal model of chronic limb ischemia. METHODS: Chronic hind limb ischemia was created by ligating the left common iliac artery of male Lewis rats. Three weeks after ligation, 5.0 million LacZ+MSCs (n ...

We have evaluated the efficiency of exsanguination of the limbs in ten volunteers with a median age of 83 (range 76-86) years using Esmarch bandage or simple elevation. Changes in blood volume were evaluated using a scintigraphic technique based on an autologous injection of 99 mTc-labelled erythrocytes. In both upper ...

Oxygen dynamics were measured in both sides of the paraspinal muscles of patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. The objective was to investigate the extent of stress by measuring the changes in oxygenation and blood flow volume using near-infrared spectroscopy. There were 44 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (7 men, 37 ...

Our purpose was to determine if aging had an influence on muscle blood flow independent of habitual physical activity levels. Blood flow was measured in the femoral artery by Doppler ultrasound after cuff occlusion of 10 minutes. Active and inactive older subjects (73 +/- 7 years) were compared to active ...

Basal leg blood flow declines with age in healthy men, an effect that is mediated by augmented sympathetic vasoconstriction. However, in women the presence or absence of oestrogen and selective use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may alter these relationships with ageing. We studied 103 healthy women: 73 postmenopausal (41 ...

Transcutaneous oxygen (TcPO(2)) measurements provide a noninvasive, objective determination of the oxygen level at the skin surface. This offers a means of estimating the underlying circulation and tissue oxygenation. The purpose of the pilot study was to measure the TcPO(2) value of the lower extremity of healthy men and women ...