Blood group substances have been isolated from the saliva of human beings of blood group B and from the linings of individual horse stomachs. The properties of the human B substances are similar to those of hog and human blood group substances previously isolated. The horse substances showed lower hexosamine ...

Analyses of specific precipitates of hog and human blood group A substances for the amount of fucose precipitable by antibody have shown, that with certain preparations, essentially all of the fucose of the blood group substance is precipitated.

1. The effect of heating at varying pH on the cross-reactivity of hog blood group A and 0 substances with Type XIV antibody has been investigated. The hydrolysis of blood group A, B, and O substances from hog and human sources at pH 1.5-1.8 resulted in destruction of blood group ...

It has been possible, by employing a new color reaction for methylpentoses, to determine the fucose content of individual hog and human blood group A, B, and O substances. The data indicate an inverse correlation between fucose content of the hog A and O substances and ability to cross-react with ...

Purified blood group A, B, and O substances from hog and human sources precipitate with Type XIV antipneumococcal horse serum and provide an explanation for the observation that Type XIV antibody agglutinates human erythrocytes of all four major blood groups. Individual preparations of A substance or O substance from either ...

IN EXPERIMENTS DESIGNED TO ELUCIDATE THE MECHANISM BY WHICH TOLERANCE TO BACTERIAL PYROGENS IS DEVELOPED, THE FOLLOWING OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE: 1. Animals whose febrile reactions to bacterial pyrogens were markedly diminished, as a result of repeated injections, showed increases in response following R-E blockade. 2. Pyrogenic substances disappeared from the ...

1. Blood group substances have been prepared from human saliva, stomach, and amniotic fluid from individuals of blood group A(1) and A(2). Several of the saliva samples were obtained from individuals shown to be heterozygous, A(1)O. 2. The purified blood group A substances from human sources were similar in nitrogen, ...

1. Studies on a number of individual hog stomachs have shown that substances with blood group A activity cannot be obtained from all hogs. Of ten stomachs studied, only seven yielded products with blood group A activity. All ten purified preparations, however, showed identical properties with respect to nitrogen, reducing ...

1. The microquantitative precipitin method can be used to compare the relative activity of different preparations of the blood group A substance from hog stomachs and to study the effect of chemical treatment upon its stability. 2. With samples of about 25 microg. antibody nitrogen, an error of +/-1.7 microg. ...

The importance of considering the effect of a possible flow out of the anterior chamber before inferring any mechanism of aqueous humor formation from the relative concentration of a substance in the aqueous humor and plasma under equilibrium conditions has been stressed. Several processes to account for the chemical equilibria ...

The isolation of the blood group A specific substance from commercial peptone has been described. The chemical and serological properties of the material from that source have been defined.

Blood serum digested by trypsin yields split products which, when injected into the skin of normal rabbits, rapidly increase the permeability of small cutaneous vessels. This is likewise followed in the affected tissue by prompt local migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The tryptic digest of blood serum can be purified by ...

Cells of Nitella exposed to distilled water lose their ability to produce action currents and to distinguish electrically between sodium and potassium. This ability was quickly restored by exposure to blood plasma deprived of calcium. Human blood and that of the cat, calf, and sheep gave essentially the same results. ...

1. The blood group specific substance A is present in the contents of the jejunum and upper ileum of persons belonging to Group A. 2. A marked decrease in the amount of A substance occurs in the lower ileum and cecum, while colon and rectum contents of adults are more ...

A non-splenectomized dog, on a vitamin-adequate basal diet, in the course of a plasmapheresis experiment, developed an uncontrollable anemia associated with the presence of bodies in or on the erythrocytes, indistinguishable from the descriptions of Bartonella canis. The normal plasma protein level of 7.3 per cent was reduced to 4.1 ...

1. A relationship between the soluble specific substances of pneumococci and the blood group substance A of man can be demonstrated by the inhibition of sheep cell hemolysis by a group specific A-antiserum. However, there are quantitative differences between the various types. 2. A striking difference exists between the acetyl ...

1. The phagocytic titre of whole human blood against the three types of pneumococcus was determined in a number of individuals. The titre varied over a considerable range in different subjects. 2. Contrary to expectation, the titre in early cases of untreated pneumonia was quite high against the infecting organism, ...

The hemophilic bacteria of which Bacillus influenzae serves as a type require for their growth two distinct and separable substances, both of which are present in blood and neither of which alone suffices. These substances are (a) a vitamine-like substance which can be extracted from red blood corpuscles, from yeast, ...

1. Blood glycolysis in vitro during a period of three hours' incubation proceeds at practically the same rate under sterile conditions and when no effort is made to prevent contamination. 2. Fresh thyroid extract, adrenalin, and phlorhizin do not contain any substances which have a constant effect upon the rate ...

The blood of closed duodenal loop dogs is not toxic to normal dogs. The blood of dogs that have been fatally poisoned with duodenal loop fluid is likewise non-toxic to normal dogs. The mucosa of closed or drained duodenal loops contains a toxic substance quite similar to the toxic material ...

1. The modified Meyer method here proposed, of parallel tests upon segments of surviving carotid and coronary arteries from the ox, is a satisfactory means for detecting epinephrin in complex body fluids like blood. 2. At the present time there is no evidence that epinephrin, in amounts sufficient to produce ...

The experiments here described indicate that the peptone fractions can alter the different blood elements in such a manner as to affect their immunological reactions. This power is not possessed by all the peptones equally, either qualitatively or quantitatively. If we regard the phenomenon of hemolysis by immune serum in ...

Grouped isoagglutination is not limited to man, but is much more widespread than has been hitherto suspected. It occurs in the bloods of steers and rabbits. It seems probable that it will be found to occur in the bloods of other animals. Just how many of the isoagglutinins and the ...

1. The determination of Wright's index of the opsonic content of the blood and other fluids of the body is open to serious and in part unavoidable errors and should be abandoned in its present form. 2. Conclusions based upon the determination of the opsonic content of the blood, according ...