The influence of initial blood pool properties on the temporal behavior of bruises is currently unknown. We addressed this important issue by utilizing three typical classes of bruises in our three-layered finite compartment model. We simulated the effects of their initial shapes, regularity of boundaries and initial blood concentration distributions ...

BACKGROUND: Donor retention is vital to blood collection agencies. Past research has highlighted the importance of early career behavior for long-term donor retention, yet research investigating the determinants of early donor behavior is scarce. Using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study sought to identify the predictors of ...

BACKGROUND: While research has established the role of anticipated emotions in augmented Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) models of donor behavior, research has yet to consider the impact of immediate emotions that may be triggered by the blood donor context on respondents' intentions to donate blood. This study explored the ...

The spatiotemporal behavior of the interaction between turbulence and flows has been studied close to the L-H transition threshold conditions in the edge region (ρ≥0.7) of TJ-II plasmas. The temporal dynamics of the interaction displays an oscillatory behavior with a characteristic predator-prey relationship. The spatial evolution of this turbulence-flow oscillation ...

Using a Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework the current study explored the beliefs of current blood donors (N=172) about donating during a low and high-risk phase of a potential avian influenza outbreak. While the majority of behavioral, normative, and control beliefs identified in preliminary research differed as a function ...

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is crucial for the inhibition of extraneous stimuli, evaluation of aversive information and emotional regulation-all behaviors impaired in cocaine addiction. Previous studies suggest that cocaine-addicted subjects have decreased basal activity in the OFC. In this study, we examined regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during a saline ...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the effect of fatty acid (FA) concentrations in cord blood on long-term behavioral outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the effect of FAs in cord blood serum on children's behavioral difficulties at the age of 10 y. DESIGN: A longitudinal study of 416 children from the population-based ...

Transport of emulsions in porous media is relevant to several subsurface applications. Many enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes lead to emulsion formation and as a result conformance originating in the flow of a dispersed phase may arise. In some EOR processes, emulsion is injected directly as a mobility control agent. ...

Nonlinear vocal fold dynamics arising from asymmetric flow formations within the glottis are investigated using a two-mass model of speech with asymmetric vocal fold tensioning, representative of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. A refined theoretical boundary-layer flow solver is implemented to compute the intraglottal pressures, providing a more realistic description of ...

We establish that the rheological curve of dry granular media is nonmonotonic, both in the presence and absence of external mechanical agitations. In the presence of weak vibrations, the nonmonotonic flow curves govern a hysteretic transition between slow but steady and fast, inertial flows. In the absence of vibrations, the ...

The interest in lattice-Boltzmann models in the computational hemodynamics realm has increased in recent years. In this context, the correct choice of numerical parameters for the appropriate simulation of blood flows in major arteries is a crucial aspect. For this reason, we present three parameter-tuning strategies that allow us to ...

BACKGROUND: Using constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior and theories of altruism, this article explores how multiple motivations and beliefs for blood donation are clustered and change across the donor career. In so doing important distinctions, for blood donation, between impure altruism, pure altruism, and warm glow are explored. ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to detect the influence of (1) storage period of heparinized blood, (2) type of blood and presence of contaminant, (3) application mode of cleansing agents, and (4) efficacy of cleansing agents on contaminated enamel and dentin during the adhesion process of a one-step ...

Current flow is an important biological stimulus for larval anuran amphibians, but little is known about how it is perceived. We quantified behavioral responses to controlled water flow in the bullfrog tadpole (Rana catesbeiana) at developmental stages prior to metamorphic climax, and examined the contribution of a functioning lateral line ...

It is well-established that blood viscosity plays a significant role in the determination of the health of the individual. It has been reported that many cardiovascular diseases are associated with blood viscosity. In this paper, the dynamic behaviors of aortic aneurysm subject to physiological blood flow with normal and high ...

Here we present a study on the impact of assumptions on image-based hemodynamic simulations of healthy carotid bifurcations. In particular, we evaluate to which extent assumptions on blood rheology influence bulk flow features, driven by the fact that few studies have provided adequate insights into the influence of assumptions to ...

Background: Blood donation is the only way of acquiring blood to meet emergency requirements in cases of road traffic accidents, complications of pregnancy and childbirth, various anemic disorders and surgical emergencies among others. Globally, 80 million units of blood are donated each year, but only two million units are donated ...

The macroscopic flow geometry has long been assumed to have little impact on dynamic wetting behavior of liquids on solid surfaces. This study experimentally studied both spontaneous spreading and forced wetting of several kinds of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids to study the effect of the macroscopic flow geometry on dynamic ...

Aim: One of the challenges faced by blood transfusion services is the motivation of blood donors. The purpose of this study was to define the motivations of Iranian donors. Methodology: A total of 16 955 volunteers were studied to evaluate their motivation for blood donation in 2003 and 2004. A ...

A hydrodynamic model for dense granular flows, previously developed for confined flows, has been extended to address free surface flow down an inclined chute. Results show that the model can predict the existence of two critical inclination angles, namely, the avalanche starting angle θ_{start} above which the granular bed begins ...

The purpose of this article is to assess tumor changes on perfusion CT with bevacizumab and interferon (IFN) therapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors and to evaluate perfusion CT differences between the two therapies. In a phase 2 clinical trial, 44 patients were randomized to receive monotherapy with bevacizumab ...

Oral Diseases (2011) doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01801.x Background:  Glycoprotein B (gB) has been implicated in determining the pathogenicity and clinical outcomes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease. Objective:  The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of gB genotypes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the relationship between it ...

Blood compatibility is the most important aspect for blood-contacting medical devices including cardiovascular stents. In this study, the surface of nickel-titanium (TiNi) stent was coated with diamond-like carbon (DLC) and then subsequently grafted by using zwitterion (N(+) and SO(3) (-))-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). We hypothesize that this coupling of zwitterion ...

In vitro production of bovine interferon gamma (BoIFN-γ) cyokine from bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can be detected using the most sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay. ELISPOT assays are dependent on the quantity and quality of PBMC preparations and hence contribute significantly to the performance of this assay. ...

Digesta flow-behavior types in the intestinal lumen, such as turbulent and laminar flow, should define modes of digestion and absorption. This review presents a simulation of flow behavior in the intestinal lumen and discusses the behavior of nutrients and enzymes in the intestinal lumen under laminar-flow conditions. The significance of ...

OBJECTIVES: /st> To determine whether type 1 interferon (IFN) proteins in blood are associated with downstream type 1 IFN-inducible gene expression in blood from patients with myositis. METHODS: /st> IFNα, IFNβ and IFNω concentrations were measured by ELISA in 129 blood samples (from 93 patients with dermatomyositis (DM), inclusion body ...

ART-123 is a recombinant soluble human thrombomodulin (hTM) with excellent anticoagulant activity. We focused on improving the blood compatibility of the polysulfone-polyvinylpyrrolidone dialyzer surface by the physical adsorption of ART-123 onto the surface. The blood compatibility of the dialyzer with the hTM adsorbed membrane was evaluated by measuring the differential ...

Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) has been considered to be a standard component of pediatric apheresis therapy for more than a decade. However, data on dosing recommendations and evaluations of the effectiveness and safety of anticoagulation are rarely found in published reports. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to present ...

Selective in-circuit blood cooling was recently shown to be an effective anticoagulation strategy during short-term haemofiltration. The aim of this study was to examine the safety of this novel method and circuit life. Fourteen pigs were randomly assigned to receive continuous haemofiltration with anticoagulation achieved either by selective cooling of ...

Chitosan has been widely used for biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering because of its good mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. However, the poor blood compatibility of chitosan has greatly limited its biomedical utilization, especially for blood contacting tissue engineering. In this study, we exploited a polymer blending procedure to heparinize the ...

BACKGROUND: Biomarker assays are often conducted on whole blood samples in the course of drug development studies. Because bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (endotoxin) contamination is known to cause spontaneous cytokine production by monocytes, contamination of blood collection tubes may interfere with biomarker assay results. METHODS: Whole blood from healthy donors was ...

The blood compatibility of the superhydrophobic polypropylene surface that prepared by Erbil's method was preliminarily evaluated by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) adhesion study, fresh human whole blood contacting experiments and scanning electron microscopy, using original polypropylene films as the controls. The results show that the superhydrophobic character of polymer surface was ...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH's). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We modified a previously published rabbit model of arterial thrombosis prevention [1,2] to compare unfractionated heparin and two different doses of two low-molecular weight ...

Heparin is commonly used to prevent obstruction of indwelling arterial catheters with blood clots. It is known to affect the outcomes of analysis of coagulation parameters with thromboelastography (TEG); therefore, it has been recommended to neutralize its effect with heparinase. However, heparinase may also neutralize the effect of low molecular ...

Viscoelastic diagnostics that monitor the hemostatic function of whole blood (WB), such as thromboelastography, have been developed with demonstrated clinical utility. By measuring the cumulative effects of all components of hemostasis, viscoelastic diagnostics have circumvented many of the challenges associated with more common tests of blood coagulation. We describe a ...

Monitoring of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis is an important issue in treatment of patients with cardiovascular problems and in surgery when blood gets into contact with artificial surfaces. In this work a new method for measuring the coagulation time (prothrombin time, PT) of human whole-blood samples based on a quartz ...

A growing body of data indicates that an activation of proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is involved in the pathophysiology of depression and that the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by antidepressants may lead to an improvement of depressive symptoms. However, the influence of the serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake ...

To obtain blood meals, haematophagous animals are armed with potent pharmacological molecules to overcome several of their hosts' response systems. Among them, a large number of exogenous anticoagulants which target the haemostatic system have been identified and characterised. Studies on these anticoagulants have expanded our knowledge on the blood coagulation ...

BACKGROUND: Rotational thrombelastometry/thrombelastography with ROTEM and TEG is becoming available bedside in an increasing number of intensive care units, where many patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) are treated. The study has been performed in an effort to find out whether ROTEM could be an alternative to activated partial thromboplastin time ...

AIMS: To determine whether tubes containing sodium fluoride negatively bias blood glucose concentration by directly comparing glucose concentrations in paired blood samples collected in tubes containing lithium heparin (Li-Heparin) and tubes containing sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate (NaF-KOx). METHODS: Paired blood samples from a group of patients (n = 1040) were collected ...

Heparin has traditionally been a widely used anticoagulant in blood research, but has been shown to be inappropriate for work with the complement system because of its complement-interacting properties. In this work, we have compared the effects of heparin with those of the specific thrombin inhibitor hirudin on complement and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of autologous heparinized whole blood in assisting internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling by coating the ILM for macular hole (MH) repair. DESIGN: Prospective, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-nine patients (32 eyes) who underwent blood-assisted ILM peeling for MH repair. METHODS: Patients in whom stage 2-4 ...

In this study whole blood cholinesterase activities of the agriculture and hygiene spray workers exposed to organophosphorus and carbamate compounds from different parts of Tehran Province in Iran were determined. Lovi Bond method was used in three stages including prepare the questionnaires about spray worker body health conditions, taking their ...

A 17-year-old domestic shorthaired cat was presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals for recheck of hyperthyroidism previously treated with radioiodine. Marked agglutination was noted in a blood sample collected into EDTA for a CBC; no other clinical or hematologic evidence of hemolysis was observed and none developed despite ...

BACKGROUND: Measurements of free (ionized) calcium (iCa) are increasingly requested in patient care locations where immediate analysis is unavailable. Evacuated blood collection tubes containing lithium heparin and gel separator material are widely used in clinical laboratories, but little information is available on the effects of these tubes or of delay ...

Procoagulant and anticoagulant reactions play an important role in the regulation of thrombin formation during secondary hemostasis. Three phases can be recognized in the kinetics of thrombin formation: an initiation phase, a propagation phase and a termination phase. Dysregulation of thrombin formation during each of these phases by (hereditary) changes ...

BACKGROUND: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is being used increasingly in veterinary medicine for both treatment and prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease, but no predictable patient-side method exists to monitor its effect. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate thromboelastography (TEG) and prothombinase-induced clotting time (PiCT) assays for detecting hemostatic alterations ...

For extracorporeal blood purification treatments, an effective anticoagulation is needed to avoid contact activation via the intrinsic pathway of the blood-clotting system. While heparin is the standard anticoagulant in dialysis, it shows some disadvantages which have to be considered when it is used in membrane/adsorption-based blood purification systems. An alternative ...

OBJECTIVES: Blood sampling/handling alters matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) expression. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of high molecular weight heparin on MMP and TIMP expression in blood. DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed by gelatin zymography and ELISA assays the effects of ...

Thromboelastography can be performed with native or citrated blood (a surrogate to native blood in healthy controls, surgical and cirrhotic patients). Activators such as kaolin are increasingly used to reduce the time to trace generation. To compare kaolin-activated thromboelastography with nonkaolin-activated thromboelastography of native and citrated blood in patients with ...