Comment on: Boryskina OP, et al. Eur Phys J-Appl Phys 2011; 55: 21101.

Activation of coronary vascular α-adrenoceptors results in vasoconstriction which competes with metabolic vasodilation during sympathetic activation. Epicardial conduit vessel constriction is largely mediated by α(1)-adrenoceptors, the constriction of the resistive microcirculation largely by α(2)-adrenoceptors, but also by α(1)-adrenoceptors. There is no firm evidence that α-adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction exerts a beneficial ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rectal ozone on portal vein oxygenation and the pharmacokinetic changes of propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis. Fifteen patients with liver cirrhosis were included They were given a fixed oral dose of propranolol 80mg on the morning of day ...

The use of dried blood spots (DBS) in preclinical studies has seen an enormous increase over the past two years. Despite its positive impact on the 3Rs (reduce, replace and refine), its uptake in exploratory drug discovery has been limited due mainly to protracted method development time in bioanalysis but ...

The objectives of this experiment were to characterize luteal blood flow in pregnant and non-pregnant cows and to determine its value for early pregnancy diagnosis. Lactating dairy cows (n = 54), 5.2 ± 0.2 y old (mean ± SEM), average parity 2.4 ± 0.2, and ≥ 6 wk postpartum at ...

Daily steroid estrogen concentrations as 17β-estradiol equivalents (E2 equiv.) were modeled from 1992 to 2008 for single locations on the well populated Thames and Soar rivers in England. The historic daily mean flow values which were the basis of this exercise came from a selected gauging site on each river. ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between uterine perfusion and estrogen, progesterone and the uterine nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system in five trotter mares during the estrous cycle. Color Doppler sonography for measurement of uterine blood flow and collection of blood for determination of plasma estrogen ...

Background. The etiology of preeclampsia remains unclear. Animal modeling of preeclampsia has been useful; however, no model to date represents episodic changes in uteroplacental blood flow that may occur in preeclampsia. Objective. To develop a gravid rat model characterized by episodic reductions in uteroplacental blood flow. Method. Pregnant Sprague Dawley ...

The main cause for discontinuation of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use is irregular menstrual bleeding. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of irregular bleeding have remained unclear. Transvaginal Doppler is a non-invasive method for studying changes in blood flow which may highlight the underlying pathology in those cases with irregular uterine bleeding. ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate mechanisms underlying the action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the improvement of negative mood symptoms in premenstrual syndrome. We assessed relationships between serotonin (5-HT) levels in the brain (estimated from 5-HT concentrations in whole blood) and negative mood states during the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of recording Doppler flow signals from the maternal uterine veins (UtVs) during pregnancy and to assess the relationship between UtV signals and other Doppler parameters as well as pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Transabdominal Doppler ultrasound examination of the UtVs on both sides of the uterus was ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the changes in the ovarian environment after hysterectomy based on ovarian arterial blood flow indices and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. STUDY DESIGN: Ovarian arterial blood flow indices (pulsatile and resistance indices) by Doppler ultrasonography and serum AMH levels were ...

The goal of this study was to determine the effects of the length of the preovulatory phase on genital blood flow and mRNA expression of endometrial hormone receptors in cattle (Bos Taurus). Ovulation was synchronized in 50 Holstein-Friesian cows using a modified Ovsynch (ovulation synchronization) protocol, in which the second ...

The objective of this study was to assess the reliability of luteal blood flow (LBF) as recorded by color Doppler sonography to monitor luteal function during the estrous cycle of dairy cows and to compare the results with that for the established criterion luteal size (LS) as determined by B-mode ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of measuring total uterine blood flow in pregnancy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. METHODS: Uterine blood flow was determined in pregnant women in whom MRI was being carried out to assess a fetal anomaly. A two-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic ...

Detection of neoplastic changes in the pelvis minor in early stages is a critical prognostic factor for patients suffering from uterine carcinoma. Due to the problem presented, the evaluation of clinical usefulness of ultrasonographic examination including color Doppler in the process of detecting pathologic changes within the endometrium was the ...

Changes in echotexture and blood flow in the wall of preovulatory follicles in heifers were studied in relation to the LH surge and ovulation in gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-induced (n = 7; Experiment 1) and spontaneous (n = 8; Experiment 2) ovulators. Ultrasonographic examinations and blood sampling were performed either every hour ...

Although estrogen regulates important aspects of maternal cardiovascular physiology, the role of estrogen on uteroplacental and fetal blood flow is incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that chronically suppressing endogenous estrogen production during the second half of baboon pregnancy alters uterine and fetal blood flow dynamics assessed by ultrasonography. ...

There are a number of lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTD) that occur primarily in women. Our hypothesis is that cyclical estrogen will produce LUTD in part by the generation of free radicals and oxidative damage to cellular and subcellular membranes. Twenty female rabbits were divided into five groups: control, ovariectomized ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between Doppler flow velocity waveforms of the spiral artery (SA) and uterine artery (UA) in pregnant women. METHODS: Ninety-seven primigravidas with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were analyzed. Spiral artery and combined UA velocity waveforms were assessed by transabdominal color ...

The primary aim of this pilot study was to study uterine artery (UtA) blood flow volume in uneventful human pregnancies delivered at term, at mid and late gestation by means of 3D and bi-dimensional ultrasound imaging with angio-Doppler combined with fluid-dynamic modeling. Secondary aims were to correlate flow volume to ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the method used to expand the uterine incision (sharp vs. blunt) for cesarean section (CS) affects maternal blood loss. A prospective study conducted on 200 nulliparous who underwent lower segment transverse CS divided into two groups. One hundred women were assigned ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of ovarian Doppler studies in diagnosing adnexal torsion. METHODS: We included in that study all patients who had an adnexal mass with clinical symptoms of intermittent lower abdominal pain and were hospitalized for at least 48 hours of observation. Our protocol included: measurements of the ...

To clarify the effects on uterine arterial flow velocity waveforms of uterine contractions following oxytocin infusion and during spontaneous labor. Uterine arterial flow velocity waveforms were obtained by pulsed Doppler methods from 22 women during an oxytocin challenge test (OCT), 26 women during oxytocin-induced labor, and 40 women during spontaneous ...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurohormone that is typically associated with food intake, but it has also been reported to affect the production of progesterone from luteal tissue in vitro. However, NPY has not been previously immunolocalized in the ovine ovary or in the corpus luteum (CL) of any species, ...

OBJECTIVES: To quantify endometrial and subendometrial blood flow in Caucasian women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to determine whether these values differ according to the phenotypic expression of PCOS. METHODS: Transvaginal pelvic ultrasound was performed on the 3(rd)-5(th) day of the menstrual cycle in 36 women with PCOS and ...

The ex-utero intrapartum therapy (EXIT) procedure was designed to secure the airway at delivery in fetuses who had undergone tracheal occlusion for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The EXIT was then adapted for deliveries where the airway may be difficult to secure, such as large neck masses or congenital high airway ...

INTRODUCTION: Clitoral functional modifications occur during the menstrual cycle. AIM: To prospectively evaluate, by the three-dimensional (3-D) Doppler flow analysis, the hemodynamic clitoral blood flow variations during the menstrual cycle. METHODS. Fourteen young (18-35 years), eumenorrheic (menstrual cycle of >25 and <35 days) women in a stable heterosexual relationship (>1 ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the vascular indices generated by 3-dimensional (3D) power Doppler angiography by evaluating the cyclic changes in the vascularity of normal ovaries, including those that were ovulating, nonovulating, and hormonally suppressed. METHODS: In this prospective longitudinal observational study, a cohort of premenopausal ...

To check human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) effects on luteal blood flow (LBF) and progesterone (P(4)) synthesis, six cows received either 3000 IU hCG or saline (NaCl) on Day 7 (Day 1=ovulation) during two estrous cycles. Plasma P(4) and LBF were measured before (0h) and up to 48h after treatment. Luteal ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of the levonorgestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on subendometrial vascularisation and uterine artery blood flow. STUDY DESIGN: The trial compared 25 patients wearing a LNG-IUS and 25 patients receiving DMPA. The subendometrial blood flow was evaluated using power Doppler analysis; the pulsatility index ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether endometrial and subendometrial blood flow parameters measured using three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D PD-US) can predict pregnancy after IUI. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Infertility center in a referral hospital. PATIENT(S): One hundred six women who underwent ovulation induction and IUI. INTERVENTION(S): A color Doppler ultrasound ...

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that ovarian vascularity is increased in women developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and to assess its value as a predictor of OHSS during in-vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS: 118 subjects undergoing their first cycle of IVF had a three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound scan in the early ...

The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that follicular and uterine perfusion as well as endometrial gene expression during the ovulatory period differs after induction of luteolysis during the 1(st) follicular wave compared with the 2(nd) wave or in intact cycle. Nine healthy non-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were ...

OBJECTIVES: Myometrial contractions are one of the most important aspects of effective labor. For cells within the myometrium to work efficiently they need to be well oxygenated and this requires an adequate blood supply. This study used quantitative three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler angiography to calculate the percentage change in myometrial ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate blood flow velocity in the ovarian stromal artery and uterine artery in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to correlate these velocities with clinical and biochemical parameters. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in 55 patients with PCOS and 42 age-matched women who did not ...

Endometrial development is largely dependent on a good blood supply to the basal endometrium. This study evaluated the endometrial and subendometrial vascularity in patients with thin (<or=8 mm) endometrium and in those with low volume (<or=2.5 ml) endometrium. Patients undergoing their first IVF cycle were recruited and all followed a ...

A good blood supply to the endometrium is usually considered as an essential requirement for implantation. Endometrial and subendometrial blood flow was evaluated on the days of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration and embryo transfer and the percentage change in endometrial and subendometrial blood flow between these 2 days was ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in uterine perfusion following laparoscopic myomectomy with or without uterine artery ligation (UAL). METHODS: From November 2005 to July 2007, we enrolled prospectively 105 women with symptomatic myomas who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic myomectomy (57 with UAL (study group) and 48 without (control group)). Power ...

On average, only 20% of the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) develop to the blastocyst stage (Merton et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 651-674). An increase in the blood supply to individual follicles appears to be associated with follicular growth rates, whereas a reduction seems to be closely related to follicular atresia (Acosta ...

To examine whether oxygen (O(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) are temporally associated with the acute changes in luteal function during luteolysis, we determined the real-time changes in the circulating concentrations of progesterone (P4) and nitrite/nitrate (the stable metabolites of NO) and the partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)) during prostaglandin F(2alpha) ...

Information on uterine blood flow rate during pregnancy would widely improve our knowledge on feto-placental patho-physiology. Ultrasonographic flow rate evaluation requires the knowledge of the spatial velocity profiles throughout the investigated vessel; these data may be obtained from hemodynamic simulations with accurate computational models. Recently, computational models of superficial vessels ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vascular perfusion and uterine healing after laparoscopic myomectomy using three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D-PDU). DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PATIENT(S): Ninety-seven women with symptomatic myomas warranting laparoscopic myomectomy. INTERVENTION(S): Three-dimensional PDU obtained preoperatively and 1 week and 3 months postoperatively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Resistance index, pulsatility ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of phytoestrogens as alternatives for selective dysfunctional changes in the menopausal rabbit model. DESIGN: Prospective, vehicle-controlled experimental study. SETTING: Reproductive pharmacology laboratory in a university department. ANIMAL(S): Twenty-four rabbits with experimentally induced menopause and six intact controls. INTERVENTION(S): Surgical menopause was induced in 24 rabbits ...

The effects of hCG administration on size and blood flow of the corpus luteum were studied in 10 mares. The size and blood flow of the corpus luteum were analysed with pictures gained by ultrasound. Three out of four mares in the group of 21 days pregnant lost their pregnancy ...

BACKGROUND: We studied the interactions between uterine and placental hemodynamics during maternal hypotension in chronically instrumented fetal sheep. In addition, we investigated maternal hemodynamic characteristics, fetoplacental hemodynamics and fetal acid-base status when a retrograde diastolic uterine artery blood flow pattern is present during maternal hypotension. METHODS: Invasive maternal and fetal ...

AIM: Uterine transplantation is developing into a clinical treatment for uterine factor infertility. An animal model with a similar uterus size and vessels to humans and with pregnancy extending over several months would be beneficial for research on uterine transplantation. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate ...

The aim of this study was to determine if transrectal colour Doppler sonography of uterine arteries is a useful method to quantify uterine changes during the first 12 weeks after parturition in cows. Examinations were carried out on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 86 after parturition (day 0) ...

The goals of the present study were to investigate whether colour Doppler sonography can be used to differentiate temporary from persistent ovarian follicles and follicles with luteal tissue from follicles without luteal tissue and to assess the response of follicular cysts to administration of a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue. ...

INTRODUCTION: Asoprisnil, a novel orally active selective progesterone receptor modulator, is being studied for the management of symptomatic uterine leiomyomata. The exact mechanism of action is not yet discerned. The primary objectives of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study included evaluation of the effect of asoprisnil on uterine artery blood flow. ...