The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of uterine blood flow to serum estradiol and progesterone during early pregnancy. Recumbent uterine artery average velocity, diameter, blood flow volume and uterine and spiral artery resistance were measured using vaginal Doppler ultrasound 118 times in 43 patients during gestational ...

Blood plasma kininogen (K), kininases (KS), kallikrein (KK), prekallikrein (PKK), and PGF2a were estimated in the common circulation of pregnant women during late saline-induced abortion and also in retroplacental blood after foetus delivery. The results provide evidence for intra-uterine kinin release from circulating blood K by locally activated KK from ...

OBJECTIVE: To detect and quantify follicular vascularity before hCG administration in women undergoing IVF-ET. To correlate follicular vascularity with the oocyte recovery rate after direct follicle aspiration. DESIGN: A prospective, longitudinal study of consecutive women undergoing IVF-ET at the assisted conception unit of King's College Hospital, London and having at ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine blood flow characteristics of ovarian and uterine arteries in patients with endocrinologically and clinically confirmed polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) in comparison with blood flow parameters observed in patients with spontaneous ovulatory cycles. DESIGN: Controlled clinical study. SETTING: Patients from Infertility Service in a tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: ...

The Doppler blood flow characteristics of uterine arteries were evaluated prospectively in 57 patients undergoing embryo transfer. A total of 32 women underwent frozen-thawed (FT) embryo transfer during a spontaneous menstrual cycle (FT-embryo transfer), and 25 patients underwent in-vitro fertilization treatment (IVF-embryo transfer). The endometrial thickness, pulsatility index (PI), maximum ...

Open fetal surgery predictably results in postoperative uterine contractions and often in premature labor, but its intraoperative effects on the uterus are not known. In 10 pregnant ewes (108 to 115 days' gestation), uterine artery flow, uterine venous oxygen saturation, arterial saturation, and uterine electromyography were recorded simultaneously (control). Six ...

Intraovarian blood flow was assessed by transvaginal color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound prospectively in six women during the periovulatory period. All patients had regular ovulatory menstrual cycles and a mid-luteal serum progesterone level consistent with spontaneous ovulation in the preceding cycle. Each patient underwent serial transvaginal ultrasound examination and Doppler ...

OBJECTIVE: To measure blood gases in uterine venous blood and maternal and fetal blood from the placenta, and to characterize gas exchange in the intervillous space. METHODS: Blood gas measurements were performed immediately after collecting placental and uterine blood from the subchorial and marginal lakes, from the chorionic vein and ...

In 27 women, uterine activity in the third stage of labour was correlated with blood loss measured quantitatively during the same period of time. Myometrial activity was reflected by total intrauterine pressures measured using a Gaeltec catheter tipped pressure transducer inserted transcervically within 5 min of delivery of the placenta. ...

Effects of whole-body vibration on normal pregnancy were studied in the rat. Uterine blood flow and five endocrine functions corticosterone (CS), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) concentration were measured in rats exposed to whole-body vibration with an acceleration of 10 m.s-2 at ...

Recent characterization of luteinizing hormone++ (LH)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) receptors in uterine vascular tissue, evidence that expression of these receptors is cyclic in nature, and demonstration of a correlation between hCG level and uterine vascular resistance lead us to investigate the effect of hCG administration on blood flow in reproductive ...

Transvaginal color Doppler has made possible to study ovarian and uterine perfusion in non-pregnant and pregnant patients, thus advancing the understanding of the early human development. RI of follicular blood flow starts decreasing prior to ovulation reaching its nadir at ovulation. It is considered that apart from hormonal factors the ...

This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can directly influence uterine blood flow in pigs. In the study, 18 crossbred gilts (95-100 kg) which had exhibited at least one estrous cycle were used: 8 cyclic gilts in the luteal phase of the estrous cycle ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of clomiphene citrate on the uterine blood flow in women with unexplained infertility. METHODS: Twenty-one women who had normal uterine blood flow (pulsatility index [PI] less than 3 from the LH peak to the middle luteal phase of a natural ovulatory cycle) were enrolled in ...

To determine if oestradiol and progesterone concentrations are related to uterine blood flow in early pregnancy, we measured these hormones at the time of vaginal Doppler ultrasound before and after the beginning of intervillous circulation in spontaneous pregnancy (group I), after clomiphene citrate administration (group II), and after clomiphene citrate ...

The embryonic period of development is characterized by marked variability in the rate of embryonic growth and development. Differences in uterine blood flow may explain this variability. We investigated the relationship between uterine artery blood flow volume (VOL), uterine artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), uterine artery resistance index (UA-RI), spiral artery ...

The aim of the present study was to simulate the pathological uteroplacental circulation observed in complicated human pregnancies in the pregnant ewe and to analyze its velocimetric changes. Four pregnant ewes at 16-17 weeks of pregnancy were used in the study. Micro-beads (Gelfoam) were administered stepwise into the uterine artery ...

The uterine blood flow to individual implantation sites was evaluated in early normal and diabetic rat pregnancy, and related to maternal metabolic state, length of gestation, and embryonic outcome. The aim was to search for a possible coupling between the flow rate and embryonic development. We studied pregnant rats of ...

OBJECTIVE: To measure the flow velocity of the ovarian, uterine, radial, and spiral arteries in different age groups. DESIGN: Serial measurements throughout the menstrual cycle in normal cycling women with documented fertility were compared with those in postmenopausal patients with and without hormone replacement therapy (HRT). SETTING: Department of Obstetrics ...

The objective of this study was to correlate, during 12 weeks of therapy with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a), the chronological effect and the hemodynamic changes on the uterine artery and the leiomyometrial supplying vessels. Twenty-three premenopausal women with clinically diagnosed uterine leiomyomas received 3.75 mg of leuprolide acetate intramuscularly ...

Uterine blood flow volume has been thought to increase in a linear fashion throughout pregnancy, but previous studies in early pregnancy may have not been performed often enough or in sufficient numbers of patients. We measured uterine artery blood flow volume, average velocity, vessel cross-sectional area, resistance index, and spiral ...

To evaluate non-invasively the role of levonorgestrel releasing devices in direct contact with the endometrium on menstrual spotting and endometrium inactivation, we inserted levonorgestrel releasing devices (20 micrograms/24 h) either into the cervical canal or the uterine cavity of 30 fertile women. Both before insertion and over the following 3 ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether color flow pulsed Doppler analysis of corpus luteum blood flow in normal cycles differs from cycles with a luteal phase defect. DESIGN: A prospective study of natural ovarian cycles. SETTING: The University of Vermont Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Service. PATIENTS: Ten women with regular menstrual cycles ...

Blood flow changes in the ovarian stroma of women embarking on in-vitro fertilization treatment were assessed on day 2 or 3 of the menstrual cycle using colour and pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Women were divided into three groups: group 1, 63 women with regular, ovulatory menstrual cycles and normal ovaries on ...

The aim of this study was to elicit reference data representative of normal findings at transvaginal gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound examination of the uterus and ovaries in postmenopausal women. A total of 144 asymptomatic postmenopausal women with normal findings at clinical gynecological examination were included in the study. They underwent ...

Second trimester assessment of uterine blood flow has been advocated as a predictor of subsequent adverse perinatal outcome. The reproducibility of uterine artery resistance index, as assessed using colour Doppler imaging, was investigated. Two observers, both of whom were experienced in colour Doppler assessment of uterine artery flow velocity waveforms, ...

Lines of mice, selected for 21 generations using alternative criteria to increase litter size, were evaluated for uterine mass and uterine blood volume to help explain differences in uterine capacity. For this study, mice were sampled from Generation 27, the sixth generation after relaxation of selection. Mice came from all ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate whether acute alterations of amniotic fluid volume affect uteroplacental perfusion. STUDY DESIGN: Three groups of patients of comparable gestational age were studied in a fetal medicine referral unit: (1) eight pregnancies with severe polyhydramnios because of twin-twin transfusion syndrome undergoing therapeutic amnioreduction, (2) seven ...

To determine whether uterine blood flow was reduced and indexes of pelvic blood flow distribution altered in normotensive pregnancy at high (3,100 m) compared with low altitude (1,600 m), we measured uterine, common iliac, and external iliac artery blood flow velocities and diameters in women during pregnancy and again postpartum. ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of induction of multiple ovulation and of luteal P supplementation on the impedance to blood flow in the uterine and intraovarian arteries during the luteal phase. DESIGN: A prospective study using transvaginal color flow Doppler imaging. SETTING: A university-based infertility center. PATIENTS: Fifty-six women with ...

Uterine artery blood flow was assessed by transvaginal colour and pulsed Doppler ultrasound prospectively in six women during the peri-ovulatory period. All patients had regular ovulatory menstrual cycles and a mid-luteal serum progesterone consistent with spontaneous ovulation in the preceding cycle. Each patient underwent serial transvaginal ultrasound examination and Doppler ...

We used transvaginal color Doppler sonography to study uterine artery blood flow velocity waveforms in 345 normal postmenopausal women who had never been on hormone replacement therapy. Our objective was to establish the standard baseline flow values for normal postmenopausal women. The mean pulsatility index was 3.38 +/- 1.04 and ...

We used transvaginal color Doppler sonography to study the effect of hormone replacement on the uterine arterial blood flow for 203 postmenopausal women. The regimens studied involved estrogen replacement alone, continuous combined estrogen and progestogen, and estrogen followed sequentially by combined estrogen-progestogen. The mean pulsatility index fell to 65% +/- ...

Nine in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients with moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were recruited for a longitudinal study. Twenty-four unselected, asymptomatic patients undergoing similar IVF treatment were used as controls. OHSS was diagnosed 8-13 days after oocyte retrieval. All subjects were examined with pulsed color Doppler ultrasound. The ...

This study was conducted to evaluate endometrial blood flow characteristics in response to estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and tamoxifen in asymptomatic postmenopausal women, and to correlate the resistance index (RI) with plasma estradiol levels. Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound examinations were performed in 30 asymptomatic, postmenopausal women who demonstrated thin endometria ...

The Doppler flow velocity wave forms originating from the common, external and internal iliac arteries of 20 healthy volunteers were recorded in order to find out if the arteries showed characteristic velocity wave forms. Further questions included whether these flow patterns changed during the ovarian cycle and whether differences between ...

This study examined the in vivo distribution and metabolism of maternal progesterone (P4) in the rat uterus at Day 16 of pregnancy, i.e., the time of maximal P4 secretion, and at Day 22, one day prior to parturition. Arterial and uterine venous blood samples were collected at 20-min intervals from ...

We investigated for the presence of circadian variation in uterine artery blood flow indices during the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Twenty women with regular menstrual cycles underwent transvaginal color Doppler assessment of blood flow in the uterine arteries on two occasions precisely 12 h apart on the ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bolus intravenous injection of epinephrine can decrease uterine blood flow. This study examined the effects of intravenous infusion of epinephrine on uterine blood flow in the gravid ewe. METHODS: Maternal and fetal vascular catheters and a maternal electromagnetic uterine artery flow probe were implanted in 10 near-term ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal relationship between the early pregnancy peak of circulating human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) concentration and the establishment of maternal blood flow in the placental intervillous space. The presence of blood flow echoes within intervillous space was determined by colour Doppler imaging ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the endometrial blood flow response to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with premature ovarian failure who plan to enter an oocyte donation program. DESIGN: Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound examinations were performed in women with ovarian failure before and during a cycle of standard HRT and in ...

The role of transvaginal pulsed colour Doppler ultrasound in the prediction of the outcome of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy was assessed longitudinally in 30 patients during stimulated cycles. The pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine arteries did not change significantly until the mid-luteal phase. Within 6 days after the beginning ...

The H2 gas clearance technique was employed to measure uterine blood flow (UBF) in ovariectomized rats. A needle-type platinum electrode (125 microns diam) was inserted into the rat uterine wall to measure the tissue blood flow surrounding the electrode. The electrode can be placed in individual layers of the uterus ...

In this study we assessed the variability of measuring uterine artery pulsatility index by colour Doppler ultrasound using different ultrasound transducers (abdominal 3 MHz, abdominal 5 MHz, endovaginal 5 MHz with and without a full bladder). We then assessed the intra-observer coefficient of variation for the different transducers and interobserver ...

Despite proven efficacy in interrupting uterine smooth muscle contraction for periods of 24-48 h, a recent clinical study concluded that the adrenergic beta-receptor agonist, ritodrine hydrochloride (Yutopar) had significant detrimental side effects. Our previous preclinical studies have shown that ritodrine reduces placental blood flow via a vascular steal phenomenon. Moreover, ...

A case of spontaneous luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome is presented with full documentation of hormonal, morphological and haemodynamic changes. Changes in uterine blood flow were also noted. Growth of the leading follicle was slow during the follicular phase of the cycle. After the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, growth of the ...

Transabdominal Doppler velocity waveform measurements of the uterine arteries during the third stage of labor were performed upon 25 patients with uncomplicated vaginal deliveries and 5 with prolonged third stage in order to further assess third-stage mechanisms. Based on Doppler flow measurements, three phases of the third stage of labor ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in human uterus. Tissues were obtained at operation from 10 women undergoing hysterectomy for benign disease. In-situ hybridization was used to determine the distribution of mRNA for NOS with a 483 bp digoxigenin-labelled antisense riboprobe. ...

Twenty-seven women with endometrial cancer were studied with Doppler ultrasound coupled with a vaginal probe. Pulsatility index of the flow velocity of the uterine artery was recorded and compared to that of a control group. The subjects and the controls did not differ in blood flow measurements. There was no ...

In pregnancy, the maternal circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and uteroplacental tissue RAS has been thought to support maternal placental flow by raising maternal arterial pressure or changing placental vascular resistance. Also, the placenta or uterus may alter maternal circulating RAS. Recent studies in the authors' laboratory using chronically catheterized rabbits ...