OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the effect of various modes of interruption of the spinal cord blood supply on intrathecal oxygenation. METHODS: In 24 pigs intrathecal PO (2), PCO (2), and pH were continuously monitored with a multiparameter catheter (Paratrend 7, Biomedical Sensors; Diametrics Medical, Inc, St Paul, Minn) during ...

OBJECTIVE: This was a study of the volumetric blood flow in single umbilical artery (SUA) cords as compared to three-vessel cords. Hypothesis: SUA flow will be twice that of an artery in a normal cord. METHODS: We studied 276 patients (24 SUA, 252 normal cord) at 18-40 weeks' gestation utilizing ...

We evaluated in this qualitative systematic review the efficacy of increasing central blood volume on the incidence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery. Randomized controlled trials investigating any method of increasing central blood volume before the initiation of obstetric spinal anesthesia were sought by using MEDLINE (1966-2000), ...

It is well known that changes of the body temperature as well as trauma influence the blood flow in the brain and spinal cord. However, there is still a lack of knowledge concerning the levels of blood flow changes, especially during hypothermia. This investigation was carried out to examine the ...

OBJECTIVE: [corrected] To determine whether elevated plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) in umbilical venous cord blood at delivery is associated with funisitis and whether IL-6 can be used to screen for funisitis in preterm neonates. METHODS: At the time of delivery, umbilical venous cord blood samples were collected from 92 infants for ...

Lewis (Le) and Secretor (Se) gene effects on postnatal change in Lewis antigens are described based on the quantitative analysis of Lewis antigens in blood. Genuine Lewis blood types were determined by Le and Se genotyping in DNA samples obtained from umbilical cord blood and infant blood. Lewis(a) (Le(a)) and ...

Neurosurgeons have successfully used punctate midline myelotomy to relieve visceral cancer pain in human patients. Animal experiments demonstrate a visceral nociceptive pathway in the posterior column that is more effective than the spinothalamic tract in activating thalamic neurons, eliciting behavioral responses and triggering increases in regional cerebral blood flow. This ...

INTRODUCTION: Complement activation occurs secondary to a variety of external stimuli. Lactic acidosis has been previously shown to activate the complement factors C3a and C5a. In the present investigation we examined the differential effect of lactic acidosis on anaphylatoxin levels in cord and adult blood. Furthermore we aimed to determine ...

Cord blood has proved itself, if correctly stored with rational criteria, an excellent source of stem cells for related and unrelated transplants. It has been recently proven that the factor which predicts the best the speed of engraftment in cord blood transplants in the dose of progenitor cells injected per ...

BACKGROUND: In the animal kingdom, even herbivorous animals swallow the placenta after the birth of the baby (for example, the cow). In the human system, we do not know about the proper utilization of the placenta and membranes although there are suggestions regarding this on the basis of research on ...

Intraoperative power Doppler ultrasonography was used to evaluate the spinal cord blood flow in cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients during hypotensive anesthesia. To evaluate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) induced hypotension on spinal cord blood flow (SBF) during spinal surgery. Hypotension is frequently induced to decrease blood loss during surgery ...

BACKGROUND: In UC blood banking, volume and RBC reduction of the collected UC blood allows more efficient long-term storage and decreases infusion-related hemolysis and DMSO toxicity. However, high cell yields are imperative. At the St Louis Cord Blood Bank, we have systematically addressed processing/freezing and have developed a simple processing/freezing ...

++Electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry represents a powerful method for detection of inborn errors of fatty acid metabolism. In the present study, it was used to examine neonatal carnitine metabolism, which reflects fatty acid metabolism. In 70 healthy neonates, blood samples were taken from the umbilical cord and by heel-stick puncture in ...

Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a major cause of cerebral palsy. However, pathogenetic mechanisms of PVL have not been fully understood. Although it has been postulated that umbilical cord compression is related to the development of PVL, no animal experiments clearly demonstrated an association of umbilical cord occlusion with 'periventricular' white ...

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) interferes with cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this paper we try to evaluate the possible preventing effect of SCS in an animal model of combined ischemic and traumatic injury. We studied 20 New Zealand rabbits undergoing ligature of both carotid arteries and a right hemispheric craniectomy ...

Most complications related to thoracoabdominal aortic reconstruction stem from ischemia-induced injury to the viscera, kidneys, and spinal cord. In addition to adjunctive methods designed to minimize metabolic demands of the spinal cord during aortic cross-clamping, a variety of extracorporeal techniques have been developed that provide supplemental blood flow to vital ...

Drug assays may yield false-positive results caused by cross-reacting compounds. After finding a serum salicylate concentration of 81 microg/mL by using Trinder's colorimetric method, in a comatose child admitted to the authors' pediatric intensive care unit, in the absence of reported salicylate intake, the authors aimed to compare this situation ...

There are limited data on the concentrations of common contaminants--polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (pp'-DDE) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB)--in umbilical cord blood. Cord blood provides the primary direct measure of prenatal exposure to these contaminants, the key determinant of PCBs' neurodevelopmental toxicities. The objective of this study was to characterize cord ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) on free radicals and antioxidase after spinal cord injury in rabbits. METHODS: Totally, 186 rabbits were used and divided randomly into four experimental groups: control (n = 6), blood transfusion (n = 24), injured (n = 96) and ...

The proliferation and expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in ex vivo culture was examined with the goal of generating a suitable clinical protocol for expanding HSC for patient transplantation.HSC were derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult patient peripheral blood stem cell collections. HSC were stimulated to ...

The present study was designed to determine the levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in cord blood of neonates exposed in utero to tocolytic therapy by beta-sympathomimetics. cTnT in 40 neonates after acute tocolysis (0.24 +/- 0.05 microg/l) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the indicators and levels of mercury (Hg) exposure in the mother with those in the fetal compartments, and determine its effects on the newborn. METHODS: Hg levels using atomic absorption spectrophotometry were determined in maternal blood, breast milk, cord blood, infants' hair, and meconium of 78 consecutive ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to find factors that may help increase the number of the HSC (CD34+) collected from umbilical cord blood for transplantation. STUDY DESIGN: We assessed the effect of cesarean sections and vaginal deliveries on the volume of the umbilical cord blood collected from 155 healthy term neonates ...

OBJECTIVE: The estimation of cord blood erythropoietin in subjects with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. METHOD: Erythropoietin was measured, using ELISA, in the cord blood of infants born to 83 mothers with pre-eclampsia, and 7 with eclampsia. Another 90 subjects with no evidence of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia were taken as control subjects. ...

Whether embryonic and adult blood derive from a single (yolk sac) or dual (yolk sac plus intraembryonic) origin is controversial. Here, we show, in Xenopus, that the yolk sac (VBI) and intraembryonic (DLP) blood compartments derive from distinct blastomeres in the 32-cell embryo. The first adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ...

The role of spinal cord ischemia in the pathophysiology of syringomyelia remains undetermined. Previous reports in the literature suggest that shunting of syringes can improve spinal cord blood flow. In order to determine the effects of syrinx decompression on spinal cord blood flow in patients with syringomyelia, we prospectively measured ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of early versus late cord clamping in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 32 premature infants were prospectively randomized. The following parameters were measured: Initial spun hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hgb), red blood cell (RBC) counts, frequency of blood transfusions, peak serum bilirubin, mean ...

N-linked oligosaccharides on human serum IgGs have been reported to modulate IgG function. We studied umbilical cord blood to determine whether neonatal IgGs have characteristic structures related to developmental and pathological status. Oligosaccharide patterns of serum IgG from 45 umbilical cord blood samples were characterized by HPLC, and compared with ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the concentration of 8-isoPGF(2alpha) in cord blood as a measure of oxidative stress during labour, and to compare them with other established parameters of in vivo lipid peroxidation and with the acid-base status of the newborn. METHOD: Umbilical cord arterial and venous blood samples were collected from ...

The prevalence of malaria infection in 102 paired maternal-blood and umbilical cord-blood samples was assessed by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a holoendemic area in Kenya. Plasmodium falciparum single-species infection was detected in maternal peripheral blood (3.4%), whereas microscopy indicated that no Plasmodium species were in cord blood. ...

In order to determine whether human umbilical cord blood erythrocytes are capable of progesterone biosynthesis, sonicated preparations of plasma-free erythrocytes at the range of total cell numbers between 18.4 x 10(9) and 62.9 x 10(9) cells obtained from umbilical cord arterial and venous blood collected from normal pregnant women (n ...

OBJECT: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is frequently used for the treatment of chronic pain. Although the mechanisms by which SCS alleviates pain are unclear, they are believed to involve changes within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Spinal cord stimulation has also been found to cause significant vasodilation in ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether umbilical cord blood collection during cesarean delivery can be improved by collecting cord blood before delivery of the placenta. STUDY DESIGN: Patients undergoing cesarean delivery were randomly assigned to cord blood collection before or after placental delivery. Closed sterile collection systems were used for ...

This immunohistochemical study evaluated Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) in the rat nervous system and their changes in the spinal cord subjected to compression. Normal spinal cord showed a low level of Fas and FasL immunoreactivity in the white matter except in the corticospinal tracts. Fas and FasL immunoreactivity seemed ...

A population study of heteroplasmy in the hypervariable region 1 (HV1) portion of the human mtDNA control region was performed. Blood samples from 253 randomly chosen individuals were examined using a sensitive denaturing gradient-gel electrophoresis (DGGE) system. This method is capable of detecting heteroplasmic proportions as low as 1% and ...

As a result of recent media coverage of cord blood transplantation, expectant parents increasingly ask perinatal caregivers about the possibility of collecting and saving their newborn child's umbilical cord blood. Umbilical cord blood has been used as a source of hematopoeitic stem cells for the treatment of human disease since ...

Currently there is considerable interest in electrical stimulation of the dorsal aspect of the cervical spinal cord as a potentially effective therapy for persistent vegetative patients. The authors assessed change in the local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and electroencephalogram (EEG) in the cat following spinal cord stimulation (SCS). In 31 ...

(1) The lidocaine + prilocaine combination, as a cream or adhesive dressings, is now approved for anaesthesia of healthy skin in children of 0 to 3 months, an age range in which it used to be contraindicated. (2) The clinical file on the lidocaine + prilocaine combination in this age ...

STUDY DESIGN: The current study was designed to determine whether progressive spinal cord damage during residual compression is caused by low blood flow and ischemia. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of sustained spinal cord compression on regional blood flow and evoked potential recovery after ...

Human umbilical cord blood has proven to be a feasible alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for pediatric and some adult patients with major hematologic disorders. This has promoted the establishment of cord blood banks for use in unrelated transplants worldwide. The banking of umbilical cord blood offers many advantages: ...

OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in total blood volume and hemoglobin mass between spinal cord-injured and able-bodied individuals. DESIGN: Total blood volumes of 13 able-bodied and 10 spinal cord-injured individuals (lesion >T4) were determined using the carbon monoxide method. The reproducibility of the ...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the presence of and elimination kinetics of nicotine and its metabolites in newborns. METHODS: Blood samples from 13 newborns were collected during the first day of life and analyzed for nicotine and cotinine. Single daily urine samples were collected from nine newborns for up to 7 days ...

Heavy metal concentrations have been determined in maternal and cord blood samples collected from mothers in the age group 20-25 years with full-term neonates (37-40 weeks). The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn were found to be low in cord blood as compared to mother's blood and the ratio ...

The Bristol Cord Blood Bank was established as a pilot project within existing health services to establish cost-effective recruitment, collection and processing suitable for use in the NHS should cord blood become a routine source of haemopoietic stem cells for transplantation in the UK. An important aim of the project ...

Many studies failed to identify a hypercoagulable imbalance in the blood factors or decreased anticoagulant activity. On the other hand, fibrinolysis, a process unrelated to hypercoagulability but closely related to endothelial cell integrity, is predictably altered and contributes to the persistence of venous occlusion by thrombosis. There is considerable evidence ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of fetal distress on interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and on tumour necrosis factor-alpha blood levels in noninfected full-term neonates. STUDY DESIGN: In a multicentre prospective study, cord blood samples were obtained at time of delivery from 234 noninfected full-term neonates for the purposes of measuring serum ...

The in vitro effect of indomethacin (IM) on the production of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha by cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) from preterm newborns was compared to that of peripheral blood MC of adults (PBMC). MC isolated from peripheral blood of adults (PBMC) and cord blood ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of measuring the level of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) in cord blood sera to predict for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). SP-A levels in cord blood sera from 48 infants born at gestational ages < 32 weeks were measured by ...

Based on animal experiments, the therapeutic window for neonates with signs of perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia is probably less than 6 h, and early selection of patients is of utmost importance. In term neonates, fetal heart rate and blood flow patterns, the Apgar score, and other clinical scoring systems are insufficient to ...

Recent studies from Greenland and the Canadian Arctic have shown high concentrations of heavy metals, such as mercury, and organochlorines in the blood and fatty tissue of the Inuit. This is attributed in particular to their high consumption of the meat and blubber of marine mammals. In the present study, ...