Bacterial vaginosis (BV) represents a disturbance in the vaginal microflora with a massive overgrowth of predominantly anaerobic bacteria resulting in a disagreeable vaginal discharge. The syndrome of BV has been described in the medical literature since the turn of the century. BV has been considered as an unpleasant but essentially ...

The kinetics of spontaneous and human glutathione transferase catalysed formation of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) from glutathione (GSH) and n-butyl- or amyl nitrite have been studied. At physiological pH and temperature, k2 values of 22.3 and 21.0 M-1.min-1 were obtained for n-butyl- and amyl nitrites, respectively. Rate enhancements, (kcat/Km x k2) x ...

The most common aetiology of meconium ileus is a deficiency in trypsin activity caused by cystic fibrosis. The pathogenesis of meconium ileus without mucoviscidosis is less well understood, although a number of causative factors have been suggested. The symptoms and clinical course of nine patients with meconium ileus without mucoviscidosis ...

We studied the topography of the elbow region with special regard to the ulnar nerve during fetal life. Plastinated 600 microns thick sections through the right and left arms of ten fetuses with a crown-rump length (CRL) of 105 to 360 mm and of a newborn infant were investigated. The ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an endotracheal tube modified by incorporation of a fiberoptic strand in the wall and connected to a light source could be safely and reliably positioned in premature and full-term newborns using transdermal siting of a bright spot on the skin at the suprasternal notch of the ...

The right coronal sutures of twelve (12) newborn rabbits were fixed with commercially available, self-reinforced poly-L-lactide miniplates, with eight (8) rabbits sham treated with titanium miniplate fixation as reference experiments, in order to demonstrate the possible effects on skull growth. After six (6) months follow-up, both types of plate were ...

The contents of total and methyl mercury in scalp hair samples of 1179 fishermen living in a typical Hg-polluted region in northeast China and 27 lying-in women and their newborns in Beijing have been determined by INAA, GC(EC), and other techniques. Only 18 of all fishermen had Hg contents above ...

We have developed a model for congenital syphilis in the rabbit. This report provides additional information on newborn tissue pathology in animals that were infected in utero. A total of 35 pregnancies were evaluated, each containing 6 to 12 newborns. In the infected group, the mortality was approximately 50%; of ...

A total of 72 newborns and their mothers were studied to assess the influence of various variables on the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and Hoffman's reflex latency (H-RL) of the babies with a view to differentiate fullterm and preterm low birth weight babies. MNCV were significantly lower and H-RL ...

Factor VII deficiency is an autosomal recessive hereditary disorder characterized by a normal partial thromboplastin time and a prolonged prothrombin time. Definite diagnosis of this condition requires a specific Factor VII assay. Its quite uncommon occurrence in the newborn was first described by Alexander and associates in 1951. A one-day-old ...

A case-control study of parturient women with newborns dying during the first 24 hours of life was undertaken at the Maputo Central Hospital. A total of 36 such parturients were recruited on a consecutive basis. For each case woman two referent women randomly selected among parturients with newborns surviving the ...

Fetal toxicity of cadmium (Cd) is well documented in rodents. However, little information is available regarding the human fetus. To investigate the effect of low levels of Cd on the human placenta and the consequences on birthweight, we conducted a study of 102 mothers and their newborns in an obstetrical ...

Detailed neurological assessment is of major importance for the accurate diagnosis and prediction of outcome of acute hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the term newborn. Because the clinical features of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are nonspecific, the diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury should be made with caution and only in the context of historical ...

Thirty three children with classical galactosaemia diagnosed through newborn screening are considered. It is concluded that cataract formation has a direct relationship with poor dietary control. Erythrocyte galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) levels do not correspond to cataract formation unless many times higher than normal. The value of crystalline lens biomicroscopy is confirmed ...

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a product of arachidonic acid metabolism and a potent chemoattractant for adult polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). LTB4 may be an important inflammatory mediator in neonatal lung disorders such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but neonatal PMN chemotaxis to LTB4 has not been studied. We compared total PMN migration and ...

A comparison of cranial ultrasonography, CK-BB and neurological assessment was undertaken in 30 (16 severely, 14 moderately) asphyxiated newborns. In the 16 severely asphyxiated newborns, cranial ultrasonography proved to be of value when changes of 'cerebral oedema' persisted for longer than 48 hrs. Although the mean creatine-kinase (CK-BB) activity at ...

Low dose Aspirin in pregnancy reduces the incidence of intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) in women at risk for these complications. To investigate if this drug, even in a low dose, could expose the newborn to hemorrhagic complications, we studied ten neonates whose mothers had ...

Biliverdins with extended conformations are reduced by biliverdin reductase (BvR) at higher rates than biliverdins with helical conformations. To find out the molecular basis for this important feature of BvR mechanism, helical and extended biliverdins were titrated for their acid-base equilibria in a protic solvent (methanol). It was found that ...

Five hundred and fifty samples of blood collected from the umbilical cords of an equivalent number of newborns were analyzed for serological evidence of congenital toxoplasmosis based on the detection of IgG and IgM. Six newborns presented serological evidence of congenital toxoplasmosis (IgM > 1:5, < 80 IU/ml), which represents ...

To assess the effect of fetal hypothyroidism during late gestation on postnatal cardiovascular responsiveness, we measured heart rate and cardiac output responses to isoproterenol in newborn lambs. To evaluate the effect of such altered thyroid status on the development of beta-adrenergic signaling cascade, we measured myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor concentration and ...

1. The localization and cellular morphology of adipose tissue was studied by light, fluorescence and electron microscopy in reindeer between 2 weeks pre partum and 4.5 months post partum during calving, and the subsequent growth period. The respiratory capacity of the adipose tissue was examined in terms of morphometric mitochondrial ...

Opsonin activity (OA) was investigated in serum samples from cord blood of 11 full-term newborn infants and 12 healthy adult volunteers by the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (L-CL) and Cypiridina luciferin analog-dependent chemiluminescence (CLA-CL) together with the measurement of complement components (C3, C4, C3A and properdin). CL and complement components ...

The paper presents a preliminary analysis of the properties of the 1034 families of newborns examined in 1977-78 in Białystok and Zambrów. This analysis also involves the course of pregnancy and delivery, placenta properties, and some traits indicative of the new born status (including diseases, malformations, trauma, blood groups, serological ...

There is no clearly established umbilical artery pH cutoff to be used for defining pathologic fetal acidemia (ie, the threshold associated with major neonatal morbidity or mortality). Classically, a pH cutoff of less than 7.20 has been used. Our goal was to define this pH cutoff more precisely. There were ...

Two pregnancies in a patient with a fixed-rate pacemaker are reported. The first pregnancy was uneventful. The second had no maternal complications either. A moderate tachysystolia was detected during the second period. The newborn was delivered with forceps applied under spinal anesthesia. Newborn infant evolution presented no hazards, but umbilical ...

Placental transfer of fluoride was investigated by fluoride determination in the bones and teeth of newborn rabbits whose mothers had been treated with fluoride during pregnancy. The mothers were given doses of 0, 0.10, 0.52 and 1.05 mmol fluoride per kg body weight as sodium fluoride, from the 16th day ...

A newborn baby with a severe congenital constriction band associated with pseudarthrosis and impending gangrene of the foot is described. Early one-stage circumferential excision of the band with immediate wound closure by multiple Z-plasties salvaged the compromised foot. The pseudarthrosis indicated the severely compressive nature of the fibrous band. The ...

A total of 107 babies with hypoglycaemia were studied over a period of 15 months. Symptomatic hypoglycaemia was found in 43 while it was asymptomatic in the others. Asymptomatic hypoglycaemia occurred at a relatively earlier post-natal age (4.5 +/- 2.2 h), as compared to symptomatic hypoglycemia (18.5 +/- 5.4 h, ...

The developmental origins of behavioural asymmetries, in particular handedness, have aroused considerable interest and debate. Until now such behavioural asymmetries have only been reported after birth. Here we report the existence of handedness before birth, expressed in terms of thumb-sucking by the fetus. Ultrasound observations of fetuses from 15 weeks ...

The levels of 25(OH)D have been quantified in 42 insulin diabetic pregnancies (DP) through the three trimesters of pregnancy with a total of 177 determinations. In parallel we quantified this metabolite in 114 normal pregnant women (NP) and also in 116 normal controls (NC). In addition 25(OH)D was quantified in ...

Spectral edge frequency (SEF) of the EEG was studied in 51 healthy neonates to assess its value as a measure of cerebral maturation. SEF was calculated as the frequency below which 95% of the power in the power spectrum resides. Summated SEF (sSEF) of 4 EEG channels correlated significantly with ...

A hereditary retinoblastoma (RTB) was identified by ocular echography in a newborn, whose predisposition to RTB had been assessed based on the family history and DNA testing of the chorionic villi at the eighth week of pregnancy. Ultrasonography was performed during pregnancies without an abnormality being demonstrated. On the third ...

Evaluation of the course of pregnancy, delivery and the condition of the newborn infant in mothers after an antireflux operation performed in childhood has revealed differences to the disadvantage of women operated on after the age of ten. This is shown by a significantly more frequent incidence of EH gestosis ...

Porencephaly is usually considered to be a prenatal brain lesion due to a circulatory failure. We report a case of bilateral porencephaly with heterotopia and absence of the septum pellucidum in a newborn. The mother had received several injections of benzol during pregnancy with an intent of inducing abortion. The ...

We measured skin conductance continuously from the sole of a foot in babies of different conceptional ages before, during, and for 10 minutes after a 'heel prick' carried out for routine blood sampling. We studied 82 healthy babies whose gestational and postnatal ages ranged from 25-42 weeks, and 1-73 days. ...

Twenty two pregnant women with mild to moderate hypertension were treated with betaxolol (10-40 mg/day), a cardioselective beta adrenoceptor blocking agent. The analysis of the changes from the baseline confirmed the antihypertensive effect of the drug with a mean decrease in SBP of 11.8 mm Hg and in DBP of ...

Five hundred cord blood samples of normal, full term, apparently healthy newborns of both sexes and of different social classes were studied for Toxoplasma antibodies. Eighty nine cases (17.8%) showed a seropositivity for IgG antibodies while specific IgM antibodies were found in 3 cases. A significant higher percentage of seropositivity ...

In this article the importance of Mg for pregnant women and fetal outcome is reviewed. The physiological changes of Mg-containing body fluids and of tissues are discussed. Mg supplementation during pregnancy seems to be necessary and the efficacy on maternal health and on the newborn are reported. Serum Mg levels ...

Twenty-five full-term newborns and their mothers constituted study subjects. Mothers were subjected to weight and height measurements, as well as, serum albumin and hemoglobin estimations. Offsprings were subjected to measurements of weight, crown heel length and head circumference along with motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and H-reflex latency (H-RL). The ...

A fetus was born prematurely after a 34-week pregnancy whose evolution was marked by the ultrasonic finding at 23 weeks of a considerable shortening of the long bones. At birth, the newborn infant bore the appearance of a harlequin fetus. There was no dwarfism, but the micromelia discovered in utero ...

Leucocyte ascorbic acid (LAA) and serum ascorbic acid (SAA) have been estimated in 50 pregnant women, their newborn infants, and 14 non-pregnant women living in the semi-arid region of western India. LAA was significantly higher in the newborn as compared to their mothers, the mean values being 35.52 +/- 6.85 ...

The incidence of prepucial Epstein pearls was found in 7.3/1000 live born male newborn babies. Gestational age and birth weight were the important determinants as 72.7% babies were term and 54.5% babies weighed 3000 g or more. The formation of Epstein pearl on the prepuce was independent of that of ...

Components of fetal behavioral state organization reflect the successful integration of the central nervous system, have a specific developmental timetable, and can be studied with fetal ultrasonographic techniques. To test the hypothesis that evaluation of state organization is a marker of abnormal central nervous system maturation and a predictor of ...

Who can safely dive? All prospective divers in Canada must have a physician's approval to start training. Many review articles and typical check-list medical forms, however, imply exclusions that are not well proven. The author critically analyzes current diving and diving accident statistics and discusses the physiology of risk. He ...

Although the exact incidence of infertility in Canada is unknown, mathematical models predict that approximately 10% to 15% of couples will fail to achieve a pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. The diagnosis requires assessment of both male and female partners. During the initial visit, a comprehensive history should ...

In a prospective study in 227 parturients, carriership of group B streptococci was established to be 25%. In carriers, transmission of streptococci to the newborn occurred in 50%. 10 ml of a chlorhexidine gel containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose was introduced into the vagina during labor in 17 parturients, who were known to ...

Newborn calves, like human infants, are uniquely susceptible to bacterial infections. Part of this increased susceptibility may be related to defects in newborn polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) defensive functions. It remains unclear whether reported deficits in newborn PMN function represent maturational disorders or are manifestations of some form of perinatal suppression ...

Retrospective studies suggest that circumcision of newborn boys will reduce the frequency of male early infantile urinary tract infection (UTI) by about 90%. If they are correct, this will be the first known instance of a common potentially lethal disease being preventable by extirpation of a piece of normal tissue. ...

In an attempt to define the incidence of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urogenital system in Lebanon, 37,500 consecutive hospital records of newborn infant delivered at the American University of Beirut Medical Center from 1975 to 1985 were reviewed. The study revealed 6.32 abnormalities per 1000 newborns. These figures ...

The hypothesis has been tested that an unusual maternal acetylator phenotype can predispose to congenital malformations in the fetus. The acetylator phenotype of normal caucasian control women and of mothers of malformed children was established by measuring urinary sulphadimidine and its acetylated metabolite. A further control group was the fathers ...