The data implicating prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors as an etiology for PPHN are reviewed. Consideration is given to the pharmacology of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors in the fetus and newborn, the role of prostaglandins in the fetal and neonatal circulation, and the effect of closure of the ductus arteriosus on the fetal ...

In the dorsal epidermis of both C57BL/10J (black, BB) and C57BR/cdJ (brown, bb) mice, the number of melanocytes positive to the dopa reaction (melanocyte population) increases from birth to day 3 or 4, and then gradually decreases. However, the number of melanoblasts plus melanocytes positive to the combined dopa-premelanin reaction ...

Pregnancy produces many skin changes, some of which are specifically related to pregnancy (dermatoses of pregnancy) and others that are more common and called physiologic. These physiologic skin changes usually do not impair the health of the mother or the fetus; nevertheless, some can be cosmetically significant and of importance ...

A macroscopic staining method was used to display and measure the extent of squamous epithelium in the subglottis of stillborn babies and of babies less than 3 months old. Squamous epithelium was found to be present in some babies without a previous history of intubation (3 of 8) and in ...

Several types of statoconia, differing in size and shape, have been observed in macula utriculi, the smaller ones in the macular periphery. The larger statoconia seem to be formed by the association of smaller units and calcium presence is comparatively higher: In some parts of the marginal zone there exists ...

We examined specimens for L. monocytogenes using the "cold enrichment" technique of Gray et al. (J. Bacteriol., 55: 471, 1948) and a nalidixic agar plate (Ann. Inst. Pasteur 111: 90, 1966). Between 1974 and May 1981, we isolated L. monocytogenes from four of 5,255 specimens (rectal, vaginal and placental swabs; ...

Two experiments were carried out in the same farrowing house with the aim of comparing the efficiency of two types of floors and in order to estimate the effect of bedding material on the performance of newborn piglets. In addition, the productivity data of our sow herd as well as ...

The glycolipids of blood group type O adult, newborn, and fetal erythrocytes were compared. The total amount of glycolipids was indistinguishable between adult and newborn erythrocytes. However, glycolipids with long and neutral carbohydrates and the H determinant were greatly reduced in newborn cells. On the other hand, the amount of ...

Those fetal structures that are normally marked by passive growth in response to neighboring tissues show the effects of extrinsic deforming forces in distinctive ways. An appreciation for the mechanisms of deformation in these structures allows for more accurate clinical diagnosis, provides guidance for prognostic counseling and treatment, and may ...

In the course of a study of normal bovine foetal development, the brain and spinal cord of 24 newborn calves and 81 foetuses, all of the Jersey breed and ranging in age from 60 to 280 days gestation, were examined histologically. This examination revealed cellular aggregates in the spinal dura ...

The gamma chain compositions of the fetal hemoglobins of 2453 newborn babies from East Asian countries (1350 babies), from Italy, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Georgia (417 Caucasian babies), and 686 black babies from Georgia were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Unusual results for a limited number of babies were confirmed ...

Haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), in the fifth child of an Israeli of Moroccan origin, disclosed anti-Tar in the serum of the mother. This anti-Tar, the second reported example, is the first to cause HDN and was stimulated by previous pregnancies. Tests on blood from the family show that ...

The transaminase enzymatic activity (SGOT-SGPT) was measured in the first 72h. of life, within the 7th day and on the 30th day of life in two groups of new borns i.e. full-term and premature ones with a gestational age less than or equal to 37 weeks. The premature babies were ...

The fate of colostrum and other fluids given with an oesophageal feeder was studied in newborn calves and in young calves up to 3 weeks by means of radiological techniques. Any fluid given with an oesophageal feeder was found in the forestomachs, since it apparently did not induce an oesophageal ...

The red cell creatine concentration was determined in 174 newborns (cord blood) and in 50 healthy adults. Normal values for term adequate for gestational age newborns without intrauterine and perinatal risk (n = 53) were established to lie significantly above those for adults. Newborns after risk pregnancies had higher mean ...

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was localized in various embryonic and fetal human tissues between 8 and 16 weeks of gestation as well as in the colorectal mucosa of older fetuses, newborns and adults. Among the embryonic tissues, CEA was always present in the esophagus, the gastric antrum, the duodenum and the ...

Massive adrenal hemorrhage of the newborn is a rare phenomenon. The pathogenesis is still unclear; massive hemorrhage has been observed in newborns after difficult and prolonged deliveries or placental bleeding, and in small prematures with intrapartum anoxia. The authors report a newborn operated on the fifth day of life after ...

Serum calcium and 25-OH-D3 in mothers of newborns with craniotabes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether calcium or vitamin D balance during late pregnancy have influence on the outcome of newborn craniotabes. 27 mothers and their fullterm newborns with craniotabes in two series were studied for clinical ...

Papillae, located along the anterolateral margin of the human tongue, were observed in fetal and newborn stages. The papillae appeared in the prenatal period and attained maximum development in the newborn. They had almost disappeared by the time of weaning. Although morphologically, the papillae may be considered to be a ...

In order to find out how much sucking human newborns evidence when a sucking object is readily available, pacifiers were given to 10 newborns in response to the spontaneous occurrence of empty sucking, rooting, and mouthing and were left in their mouths until the babies relinquished them. The spontaneous occurrence ...

This investigation extends our knowledge of the size of British born Asian babies compared with those of white Caucasian origin. Seventy Leicester born term Asian babies at birth were lighter, shorter, leaner and had smaller heads than their white Caucasian counterparts. The Asian mothers were shorter and lighter at the ...

From the viewpoint of fetal distress related disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the Hageman Factor, kinin-kallikrein system were investigated and on the other hand the adaptation of the normal newborn to extrauterine life was also evaluated. (1) The Kininogen volume of the cord venous blood was approximately 1/2-1/3 or there abouts ...

The influence of pregnancy on the course of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was evaluated for 87 pregnancies of 50 patients. Remission of AS was recorded in 18 pregnancies, exacerbation in 21, and no change in 48. A short flareup of AS was noticed postpartum in 45% of the patients. Postpartum anterior ...

Ash from the coal gasification process contains a broad spectrum of elements which through leaching (gasifier ash leachates) may enter into the environment. The health effect of such leachates i.e. complex mixtures of inorganic elements is insufficiently known. We investigated the effect of gasifier ash leachates in a chronic-(9-month) and ...

Cord serum triglyceride concentrations in 214 Chinese newborns were measured at birth with the Hitachi Model 716 autoanalyzer using the G-3-PDH UV end point method. The mean and the 95th percentile value in a normal population of 100 newborns were found to be 28 mg/100 ml and 48 mg/100 ml, ...

A high incidence of group B streptococcal disease of the newborn in West Berkshire led to a prospective study of the condition. Cultures taken from 1090 babies shortly after birth showed that 65 (6%) were colonised with the streptococcus. Thirty of these babies were assigned to group 1. Bacteriological samples ...

A 32-week-old (gestational age) female infant with epidermolysis bullosa letalis (EBL) (confirmed by light and electron microscopy) had a gastric-outlet obstruction on routine roentgenographic examination. An autopsy showed a fibrous cord connecting the stomach and first part of the duodenum in the area of the pylorus. A review of the ...

A central nervous system pathway appears to exist that can suppress fevers in near-term females and their newborn, as indicated by sheep and guinea pig experiments. This same fever-modulating pathway may control febrile rises in body temperature under normal circumstances. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) may function as a neurotransmitter in this ...

The bactericidal capacity of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear phagocytes obtained from normal newborn infants and from healthy adults was evaluated in vitro, using two group B beta-hemolytic streptococci (GBBHS) serotypes (GBBHS-Ia-SS-615/28 and GBBHS-III-SS-620/50) and uniform opsonic conditions. No intertype differences in bacteriolysis of these two serotypes were observed among leukocytes from ...

Head hair samples were taken from 110 mothers and their newborns at delivery and analyzed for cadmium and lead content. Positive association for cadmium content, but not lead, was found between mothers and newborns. Correlation between the two metals was observed in the babies' hair. Lead levels in the mothers' ...

Many women of childbearing age are in the workforce. Pregnant women wishing to continue working often seek the advice of their physician. The advice should be based on an understanding of the physiological changes of pregnancy and current information about industrial hazards. A thorough review and periodic reassessment of the ...

The father has a new emerging role in pregnancy and childbirth. If he becomes an active, involved participant in pregnancy, labor, and birth, he will likely become more involved in fathering his child and will take on a more nurturing, child care role. Engrossment or father-infant interaction immediately postpartum has ...

To discover whether the American woman has a preconceived idea of her newborn's appearance, ten primigravidas were asked to draw their newborns-to-be and were interviewed about their expectations. Responses were analyzed for recurring themes and compared with a stereotypical baby described by Lorenz. The informants' general descriptions of their newborns-to-be ...

Bone mineral content (BMC) in the long bones was measured by photon absorptiometry in epileptic pregnant and normal pregnant women an in their newborns. The BMC (highly related to total body calcium) was completely unchanged during pregnancy in both groups. The BMC was of virtually the same order in the ...

The safety of a modified Leboyer method of delivery was assessed by comparing 87 Leboyer deliveries with 232 conventional ones. No significant increase in risks to mother or newborn was identified. The subjective advantages of the method are a quiet delivery room, immediate newborn-maternal contact and the father's participation in ...

103 pregnant women, at the onset of labor, and their newborn infants, up to the forth neonatal day, were investigated for the presence of Candida albicans in their vaginal discharge stool and oral exudate. Direct microscopic examination showed the presence of pseudomycelium and budding cells in only 7 of the ...

The levels of malarial fluorescent antibody titers (MFAT) were estimated throughout pregnancy and at delivery in 20 urban Nigerian primigravidas who received malarial chemoprophylaxis. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.001) fall in the MFAT levels as pregnancy progressed. The mean logarithmic MFAT levels were 2.8664 +/- 0.3326 and ...

Examination of placentas from newborns with single umbilical artery (SUA) can furnish valuable data to Perinatologists. Thus, 33.3% of the SUA newborns with gross macroscopic alterations of the placenta were malformed. In the other hand, 75% of the malformed SUA newborns had gross placental alterations. It is pointed out the ...

Congenital malformations and diseases in the region of the ear, nose, throat, larynx and lower respiratory tract, have their source in genetic disorders and exogenous noxious factors influencing the development of the embryo, fetus and newborn child. The authors discuss the possibilities of prophylaxis during pregnancy, the perinatal period and ...

Cord blood IgA and IgM levels were measured in newborns of mothers with prematurely ruptured membranes (PRM) who had also received prenatal glucocorticoid treatment to accelerate fetal lung maturity. Previous data show that some newborns of mothers with PRM had elevated IgA and/or IgM levels. This increase was also found ...

Chisholm et al. [4], using samples of Navajo and Malaysian newborns, found a significant positive relation between maternal normotensive blood pressures during the second trimester of pregnancy and at delivery and infant irritability in response to the Brazelton Examination. Measuring spontaneous crying with an electronic activity monitor and using a ...

A longitudinal study of the cervical and vaginal microflora of 131 pregnant women showed a similar range of organisms at first visit (up to 16 weeks), at 28 weeks and at 36 weeks of pregnancy. Twenty different groups or genera of microorganisms were recovered, predominantly lactobacilli. There was a fall ...

The use of conduction anesthesia has made childbearing a vastly more pleasant experience for the mother and certainly made the practice of obstetrics safer and easier. However, its safety to the fetus and newborn, once unquestioned, has become the subject of much study and concern in recent years. It is ...

Homogenates of fetal, newborn and maternal kidney and placenta have been compared with homogenates of non-pregnant adult kidney for their ability to hydroxylate 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. The activity in the fetal kidney near term is similar to that in the mother and 4--5 times that in the non-pregnant adult. These differences from ...

To determine whether the G gamma:A gamma HbF switch is coordinated in development with the HbF:HbA switch, hemoglobin F Gly/Ala (G gamma:A gamma) heterogeneity was evaluated by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. The mean G gamma was 70% in 19 newborns, similar to the published value of 73% obtained by amino ...

A simple technique is presented for removal of excessive supraumbilical and periumbilical skin.

The aim of this study was to determine the types, patterns, and frequencies of congenital anomalies among newborns of both consanguineous and nonconsanguineous parents in southern Iran. From 9526 consecutive pregnancies observed, 9623 newborns resulted (9431 singleton and 95 sets of multiple gestation). There were 7261 newborns from nonconsanguineous parents ...

A group of 56 women with high risk pregnancies were studied since the 32nd week of gestation. With the aim of obtaining reliable fetal growth indicators, maternal serum hCS, estriol and oxytocinase levels were determined. hCS and estriol were determined by specific radioimmunoassays and oxytocinase with a colorimetric method. Mean ...

In order to find a reliable index of fetal wellbeing, maternal estriol, hCS and oxytocinase levels were related with condition of the neonate. Fifty six high risk pregnancies were studied. Estriol and hCS were determined by specific radioimmunoassay and oxytocinase with a colorimetric method. The condition of the newborn was ...

Twelve of 43 pregnant little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected at Montpelier Barn, Laurel, Maryland, gave birth to dead young. Eleven of these 12 dead neonates were abnormally small. Most of the stillbirths were attributable to unknown reproductive difficulties associated with first pregnancies, but four may have been due to ...