Recent evidence extends the health benefits of breastfeeding to include reduction of maternal body mass index (BMI) and childhood obesity. Since most women decide if they will breastfeed prior to pregnancy, it is important to understand, given the high population prevalence of obesity, if maternal underweight, overweight or obese status ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of pregnancies in women who had uterine malformation and surgically treated obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis. METHODS: The study group comprised 21 women with malformed uterus (12 didelphic, 6 septate and 3 bicornuate uterus). All of them had ...

Abstract Objective: Placenta accreta is an increasingly prevalent and potentially dangerous complication of pregnancy. Although most studies on the subject have addressed the risk factors for the development of this condition, evidence on maternal and neonatal outcomes for these pregnancies is scarce. The objective of the present study is to ...

BACKGROUND Hypertension during pregnancy can cause serious problems during delivery, such as stroke, premature delivery, or low birthweight. Nulliparity is believed to be a risk factor for hypertension during pregnancy. However, the relationship between parity and blood pressure determined at home during pregnancy is still unknown. METHODS We assessed the ...

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy, potentially lethal for women and offspring. Affected women have an augmented risk of later cardiovascular disease and premature death and may have risk factors in common with older persons developing cardiovascular disease. In some cases of preeclampsia, lipid-filled foam cells accumulate in the ...

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the role of cerebro-placental ratio (CPR), expressed as a ratio between umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (PI), in detecting fetal compromise in prolonged pregnancy. Methods: Women attending a dedicated post-dates clinic at 41 weeks were recruited for the ...

PURPOSE: Cesarean deliveries of multiple pregnancies are associated with a high risk of hemorrhage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of carbetocin administered systematically during cesarean deliveries of multiple pregnancies. METHODS: Single-center retrospective before-and-after study comparing the use of carbetocin to that of oxytocin during cesareans ...

Objective: To investigate the role of ultrasound guidance in intrauterine insemination (IUI). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The data was collected from the records of 197 couples with unexplained infertility who underwent IUI with a total of 267 IUI cycles in the in vitro fertilization center of ...

This study aims to describe the clinical consequences of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in pregnant women after bariatric surgery. Included are studies on VAD during pregnancy and after bariatric surgery conducted in humans from 1993 to 2011. There are few investigations on the relationship between pregnancy and bariatric surgery and ...

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common pregnancy liver-specific disease. Induction of labor in gestational weeks 37-39 is commonly performed with the perspective to avoid the complication of stillbirth. We aimed to study whether this practice increases the risks of emergency cesarean section (CS) and fetal asphyxia. We ...

Unintended pregnancy is associated with increased risk for adverse neonatal and early childhood outcomes spanning an array of indicators, but it remains unclear whether these risks hold independent of other biological, social and environmental risk factors. This study uses data from the first wave of the 'Growing Up in Ireland ...

BACKGROUND: It has recently been demonstrated that vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy and lactation can give rise to problems in mothers and their children. AIM: To discuss the implications of VD deficiency during pregnancy and the best VD supplementation to use in order to avoid risks for the mother ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) is more effective as a biomarker in predicting the occurrence of early onset preeclampsia in first trimester or early second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on women with singleton pregnancies, screened from the antenatal clinic. ...

Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is considered an important determinant in the prediction of future hypertension. The aim of this study is to examine whether HDP improves prediction of future hypertension, over prediction based on established risk factors measured during pregnancy. We used a community based cohort study of 2117 ...

INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are among the few cancers amenable to successful treatment by targeted molecular therapy with KIT receptor inhibitors like imatinib mesylate. Increasing incidence of this tumor and its successful treatment has given rise to issues of fertility and child bearing in patients affected at young age. ...

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine if fetal position at the time of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) diagnosis affects outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was designed to assess for differences in outcomes between cephalic (C) and non-cephalic (NC) presentation at PPROM diagnosis between 24 and 34 ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of fetal death between 34 and 41 weeks gestational age to the neonatal mortality rate to examine the best gestational age for delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Linked birth and infant death data for the U.S. from the National Center for Health Statistics analyzed non-anomalous singleton pregnancies ...

BACKGROUND: To present a pregnancy-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patient with bilateral serous retinal detachment (SRD). METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 28-year-old nulliparous woman with 31 weeks gestation was presented to the local hospital with preeclampsia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and bilateral blurry vision. Funduscopic examination showed bilateral macular SRD. Within the ...

Abstract Objective: To find out the prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) in pregnant women with hypothyroidism and to analyse its effect on pregnancy outcome. Methods: The prospective study was conducted on well controlled hypothyroid pregnant patients attending the antenatal clinic at Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, ...

BACKGROUND: When used within 5 days of unprotected sex, emergency contraception (EC) can reduce the risk of pregnancy. Our objective was to explore how often women seeking clinic-based pregnancy testing who do not desire pregnancy might benefit from EC and examine variables associated with patients asking for EC when use ...

Abstract Objective: Prospectively assess whether metformin-diet pre-conception and throughout pregnancy would safely reduce 1(st) trimester miscarriage and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Research Design and Methods: In 76 PCOS women, first pregnancy miscarriage and live birth were compared before and on metformin-diet, started 6.8 months ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the association between occupational lifting and the risk of fetal death according to gestational age. METHODS: We used data from the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996-2002). Among 71 500 occupationally active women, 2886 experienced a fetal death. Information on lifting ...

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with spontaneous early preterm delivery. Methods: The study included 1865 singleton pregnancies with 31 spontaneous deliveries between 23-35 weeks' gestation compared to 1834 deliveries at term analyzed between 2008 and 2009. Both groups were 100% Caucasian. Results: ...

This study aimed to determine factors associated with length of stay (LOS) for women presenting with early pregnancy complications to a public hospital ED. In particular, we sought to investigate the impact the involvement of the Clinical Midwife Consultant (CMC), specialising in early pregnancy care, had on the ED LOS. ...

: This study was carried out to determine whether pregnancy rate is reduced after appendicitis or appendicectomy. : The association between appendicectomy, appendicitis, and subsequent fertility is controversial. : A cohort study was carried out in the Medicines Monitoring database. The cohort of women who underwent appendicectomy and appropriate comparators ...

Threatened miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy. Despite initial viability confirmation by ultrasound scan, some of these patients had further spontaneous abortion. A highly sensitive and specific biomarker would be useful to determine the outcome of pregnancy and to prevent emotional impact to these women. A prospective 14-month cohort ...

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease of the aorta and/or its major branches and more frequently affects female patients before menopause. Since persistent inflammation may lead to arterial ischemia, hypertension is an important complication of TA. To evaluate gestational results and complications in patients with TA. ...

To explore the clinical value of uterine artery embolization (UAE) combined with methotrexate in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) before and after uterine curettage. From August 2009 to April 2012, 15 patients with CSP treated with UAE (before or after uterine curettage) were analyzed retrospectively. Eleven subjects with ...

The time course of the peripheral blood cytokine profiles was studied in patients with a history of habitual miscarriages and in normal gestation. Low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines during the early periods of gestation were characteristic of patients with a history of habitual miscarriages; however, an anti-inflammatory shift of the ...

Thyroid disturbances are common in women during their reproductive years. Thyroid dysfunction interferes with human reproductive physiology, reduces the likelihood of pregnancy and adversely affects pregnancy outcome, thus becoming relevant in the algorithm of reproductive dysfunction. This review highlights the gap in knowledge regarding the contribution of thyroid dysfunction in ...

Objectives Transvaginal sonography is frequently used in the emergency department (ED) to triage pregnancies of unknown location. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of sonography in clinically stable patients with β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) values below the discriminatory zone. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is costly and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. An understanding of the renal physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy is essential for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and management of AKI. As in the general population, AKI can occur from prerenal, intrinsic, and post-renal causes. Major ...

Objective: To compare the operative findings, operative procedure and complications, postoperative complications and hospital stay in patients with ectopic pregnancy managed by laparoscopy and conventional laparotomy. Study Design: A cross-sectional, observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, from ...

Heterotopic pregnancy is rare event and the risk is increased with assisted reproductive technology procedures. Heterotopic cervical pregnancy is even more unusual. We report a rare case of heterotopic cervical pregnancy that was managed successfully. A 36-year-old women who conceived by IVF-ICSI was diagnosed with heterotopic cervical pregnancy. She visited ...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the indications of pregnant women who sought the Fetal Medicine Services of the Hospital das Clínicas, at the Medical School of the Universidade de São Paulo for performing invasive diagnostic procedures, and to evaluate the results of fetal karyotypes and their pregnancies. METHODS: A retrospective and observational ...

A 28-year-old G2P1 Thai woman presented with severe nausea and vomiting at 12 weeks' gestation. The initial diagnosis was hyperemesis gravidarum. She was clinically euthyroid. Physical examination revealed no thyroid gland enlargement. The serum thyroid stimulating hormone was suppressed while the free thyroxine level was elevated. This patient had a ...

Please cite this paper as: Lucas S. Acute bacterial meningitis during and after pregnancy. BJOG 2012;119:1555-1557.

To evaluate the effect of hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy) on natural conception in the infertile patient. We conducted a prospective observational study recruiting 180 patients admitted to Infertility Center of Ferrara University from January 2010 to February 2012. The essential inclusion criteria was the couple's desire to perform only diagnostic evaluation ...

This study was designed to detect the relation between serum progesterone and viability of pregnancy during the first trimester. Prospective study carried out in Al-Rashid Maternity and Ahmadi Kuwait oil company hospitals, over three years from February 2009 to February 2012. Two hundred and Sixty (260) pregnant women were hospitalized ...

ABSTRACT: The incidence of venous thromboembolism is significantly increased during pregnancy, recurrent venous thromboembolism being a serious complication because it is potentially life-threatening. According to recent ACCP guidelines, women with "high-risk" thrombophilias (e.g., homozygosity for factor V Leiden) who had a single prior episode of VTE treated with oral anticoagulants, ...

: To evaluate the association between the cystic fibrosis (CF) genotype and the rate of diabetes complicating pregnancy. : We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of all pregnant patients with CF from 1972-2011 at a single institution. Patients who were homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation were compared with patients who ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and outcomes of 2 versus 1 stitch at the time of cervical cerclage placement for preterm birth prevention. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of women with singleton gestation undergoing history- or ultrasound-indicated transvaginal cervical cerclage prior to 24 weeks. The primary outcome was delivery <37 ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To study the effect of endometrial thickness and pattern measured using ultrasound upon pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing IVF-ET. METHOD: One thousand nine hundred thirty-three women undergoing IVF treatment participated in the study. We assessed and recorded endometrial patterns and thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin ...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight change in pregnancy as potential risk factors for intellectual disability (ID) in children. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: South Carolina, USA. POPULATION: A total of 78 675 mother-child pairs, insured by the South Carolina Medicaid programme, born in the period ...

INTRODUCTION: Our aim is to evaluate the incidence of unrecognized uterine abnormalities in cases with recurrent IVF failure by screening office hysteroscopy (OH), and impacts of treatment of hysteroscopic findings on the success rate of IVF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted at assisted reproduction unit ...

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in infertile women and evaluate the effect of treatment of BV on the pregnancy rate in patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and unexplained infertility. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with the ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of uterine tachysystole (UT) using nomenclature defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN). DESIGN: Cohort study using retrospective chart reviews and concomitant independent analyses of fetal monitor strips. SETTING: A 10-bed labor ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of vaginal misoprostol for midtrimester termination of pregnancy (TOP) in women with 1 or more prior cesarean deliveries (CDs). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 279 women undergoing TOP with vaginal misoprostol between 14 and 26weeks of gestation. Of these, 193 had ...

Objective: To determine delivery outcome in women undergoing induction of labor for postdate pregnancy in relation to fetal gender. Study Design: A total of 365 nulliparous and 127 multiparous women carrying singleton postdate pregnancies with unfavorable cervix were enrolled. Clinical characteristics and delivery outcome were analyzed in relation to fetal ...

Background: Pregnancy-related acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is uncommon, but can result in maternal and/or fetal death. This study retrospectively reviews pregnancy-related AMI reported from medical institutions in Japan. Methods and Results: We electronically or manually searched the literature for reports of pregnancy-related AMI between 1981 and 2011. In total, 62 patients were ...