PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize the literature on uterine embolization for fibroids published in 2004 and 2005. RECENT FINDINGS: During the last two years, our understanding of the outcome of uterine fibroid embolization has increased. The outcomes are comparable to those that occur after hysterectomy. Health-related quality-of-life studies have confirmed ...

Uterine leiomyomas occurred in three eastern bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci) 10, 15, and 16 yr of age at three separate zoological institutions. Two animals were nulliparous, and one had given birth to 14 calves over its lifetime. Two of the leiomyomas originated in the cervix. The third originated in the ...

Uterine rupture is one of the most feared obstetric complications affecting the pregnant woman and fetus. Most of the cases have various risk factors and mainly occur during the second or third trimester. However, spontaneous uterine rupture during the first trimester is extremely rare. We experienced a case of spontaneous ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed in order to assess the potential influence of placental implantation site on transabdominal electromyographic (EMG) assessment of the uterine electrical activity in the middle trimester of pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective study 251 unselected, nulliparous asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy underwent transabdominal uterine ...

BACKGROUND: Uterine anomalies are often first suspected after bimanual or ultrasonographic examination. Currently there are no specific recommendations for further evaluation of asymptomatic women with suspected uterine anomalies in pregnancy. CASE: A young primigravida with a history of an ultrasound diagnosis of bicornuate uterus presented with mild abdominal pain. An ...

Intrapartum rupture of an unscarred uterus is rare in current times. However, it is still associated with significant maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Unlike rupture or dehiscence of a previous cesarean scar, which is occasionally bloodless, complete rupture of a gravid unscarred uterus frequently results in fetal jeopardy and ...

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. AVMs often present with intractable bleeding and commonly are seen in association with pregnancy and uterine trauma. Ultrasound is the most common form of initial investigation, and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are being used with greater frequency. ...

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous pregnancy in each horn of a uterus didelphys is a rare and complex clinical situation. CASE: Torsion of one horn of a gravid didelphic uterus during a twin pregnancy was diagnosed during cesarean delivery after erroneous diagnosis of abruptio placentae. CONCLUSION: Localization of the placenta in a pregnancy ...

Uterine artery embolization has been shown to be an effective treatment in controlling symptomatic uterine fibroids. Reports suggest that significant complications associated with the procedure are rare. However, data pertaining to preservation of fertility after embolization are scarce, and some authors do not advocate this procedure for women considering future ...

Mechanical forces due to increased blood flow during the first pregnancy might induce a permanently higher conductance of the uterine arcade. Number of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, cross-sectional area and wall thickness of the uterine artery were measured in nulliparous mice (n = 11) and until the 93rd day ...

Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) affect 2.6% of pregnancies. They are usually silent, but on occasions can complicate pregnancies. A case of a 30-year-old pregnant woman with a uterine fibroid incarcerated in an umbilical hernia is presented. This is the second reported case of a fibroid in pregnancy with such a presentation.

OBJECTIVES: The mechanisms regulating basal uteroplacental blood flow (UBF) and the greater than 30-fold increase observed in normal pregnancy remain unclear. Although vascular growth contributes in early gestation, vasodilation accounts for the exponential rise seen in the last third of pregnancy. Large conductance potassium channels (BK(Ca)) are expressed in uterine ...

Management and outcome of 5 cases of pregnancy after uterine rupture are discussed. All women in these cases were delivered by cesarean delivery and no repeat ruptures occurred. After reviewing the literature, it is concluded that women with a previous uterine rupture have a favorable outcome in a subsequent pregnancy. ...

BACKGROUND: Data are limited regarding the use of misoprostol in the midtrimester, therefore few cases with uterine rupture during the second trimester with a previous uterine scar have been reported in the literature. CASE REPORT: A 23-year-old woman with a prior low transverse cesarean section presented at 26 weeks' gestation ...

BACKGROUND: Reports of cornual pregnancy persisting until fetal viability and of ultrasound diagnosis of asymptomatic uterine rupture are rare. CASE: A 24-year-old woman, gravida 6, para 5, presented for initial ultrasound evaluation at 28 5/7 weeks' gestation after registering late for prenatal care. Her history included 2 prior cesarean deliveries. ...

Segmental aplasia of the uterine body was diagnosed in a 5-year-old, mixed breed bitch. Abdominal radiography and transabdominal ultrasonography revealed marked dilation of fluid-filled uterine horns with no evidence of a uterine body. Sex hormone assays did not detect the presence of estradiol-17 beta; however, progesterone (2 ng/ml) was found ...

While developing the technique of abdominal radical trachelectomy for conservative cervical cancer management, the vascular supply of the uterus was thoroughly examined. The question of how many vessels the uterus requires to ensure its viability arose. Following an abdominal radical trachelectomy for stage IB cervical carcinoma, blood supply of the ...

Genito-urinary tract or systemic infections of the gram-negative bacteria in pregnant women, causes abortions, preterm labor, and several other perinatal complications. LPS is the most potent antigenic component of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall and is known to modulate the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines. Here we investigate the role ...

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of successful pregnancy after hypogastric artery ligation and the B-Lynch brace suturing technique. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Education and research hospital. PATIENT(S): A 22-year-old woman, whose first pregnancy was terminated by cesarean section owing to abruptio placenta and intrauterine fetal demise diagnosed at the 26th ...

BACKGROUND: Acute urinary retention as a result of incarceration of a retroflexed, gravid uterus is a known phenomenon. However, prolapse as a risk factor has not been previously described. CASE: A 40-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 2, with an intrauterine gestation of 19 weeks presented to the emergency room complaining ...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the position, localization and development of the uterine tubes and their relationships to the ovaries. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-four uterine tubes and ovaries taken from 77 human fetuses aged between 9-40 weeks of gestation have been included in this study. The study was performed ...

We are reporting the case of a woman with 8 weeks of amenorrhea who orally received a single dose of misoprostol 400 microg at midnight for ripening of cervix before uterine evacuation of an intrauterine gestational sac containing a single fetus (6.3 weeks of gestation) without cardiac activity. The patient ...

OBJECTIVE: To help direct the organized and effective implementation of uterine fibroid embolization into clinical practice in Canada. OPTIONS: This document is restricted to the management of uterine fibroid embolization as performed by the radiologists utilizing a transfemoral artery approach with arteriography followed by vessel embolization. OUTCOMES: Uterine fibroid embolization ...

The main purpose of this study was to identify predictors of uterine rupture following operative hysteroscopy. We also attempted to assess possible clinical or imaging methods in order to detect and avoid impending ruptures. A MEDLINE and EMBASE search of the English, German and French literatures was performed to retrieve ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this article is to assess the importance of uterine contractility in the implantation of human embryos. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings show that the receptive phase of the endometrium seems to occur in close association with the appearance of pinopodes and endometrial integrins that may ...

Torsion of the uterus is a rare obstetric complication. This report describes a 270-degree uterine torsion associated with placental abruption, maternal shock, and fetal demise. At laparotomy, the uterus and ovaries were necrotic. This patient presented in a manner typically managed by labor induction, thus delaying her diagnosis of uterine ...

Implantation requires reciprocal interaction between blastocysts and a receptive uterus. In mice, one important player in this dialogue involves endocannabinoid signaling via cannabinoid receptor CB1. Anandamide is an endogenous cannabinoid ligand, and its levels are spatiotemporally regulated in the uterus during early pregnancy, showing lower levels in the receptive uterus ...

BACKGROUND: The use of endometrial ablation is becoming more common in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding. As a result, an increasing number of reproductive-aged women are electing to have an endometrial ablation. Women who undergo this procedure should be informed that desired fertility is a contraindication because endometrial ablation ...

BACKGROUND: Few reports have described adenomyosis in association with congenital uterine abnormalities. The authors present a case involving unilateral adenomyosis in a bicornuate uterus. CASE: A 41-year-old married gravida 1, para 1, first became aware that she had a double uterus 14 years earlier at her first prenatal examination when ...

In this paper, we applied a new theoretical model of uterine contraction to a large panel of human pregnant and nonpregnant myometrial strips, treated or not by corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). This model is based on a fine analysis of the contraction curves. This analysis yielded four mathematical parameters (beta, theta, ...

Two rare cases of second term ectopic pregnancy in non-communicating rudimentary horn of unicornuate uterus, one intact and another ruptured, are discussed here considering the rarity of its occurrence. An attempt has been made to address the associated multitude of complications with stress on the importance of early diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND: Loss of the transmembrane mucin, Muc-1, is a molecular correlate of the acquisition of uterine receptivity to embryo adhesion in most species examined. In macaques, two distinct adhesion events occur at opposite sides of the uterus. Attachment to the secondary site is delayed relative to the primary site. The ...

OBJECTIVE: Two cases of rudimentary horn pregnancy diagnosed in the first trimester by sonography and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are reported. We suggest criteria for early, prerupture sonographic diagnosis of this rare condition. METHODS: We report a case in which pregnancy in a rudimentary horn was suspected on ...

The aims of this study were to characterize the hysterographic and histological features of the uteri and to perform immunohistochemistry with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the cat endometrium at various stages of the reproductive cycle and after treatment with exogenous progestagen. Seventy-four female domestic cats submitted for routine ...

We propose that inadequate sympathetic bias and Th2 bias in the uterine environment contributes to the formation of fibroids, independent of the sex steroid status. We also propose that fibroids represent a modern maladaptation that partly results from decreasing exposure to seminal fluid, which contains catecholalmines, transforming growth factor beta1 ...

OBJECTIVE: To report on pregnancies and deliveries occurring in a large cohort of women who underwent uterine artery embolization instead of surgery for symptomatic leiomyomata. METHODS: A total of 555 women underwent uterine embolization in a multicenter clinical trial. The primary embolic agent was 355-500 microm polyvinyl alcohol particles with ...

Venoarterial communication is a potential short-loop signaling pathway for the local control of uteroplacental perfusion. As this pathway is permeability-dependent, this study investigated the effects of molecular weight, gestation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), wall tension, and constriction on solute flux across the venous wall. Experiments utilized fluorimetry to quantitate ...

The medical literature has reported an increase in myomectomy during caesarean section in the past decade. However, myomectomy performed during pregnancy remains a rarity. The management of uterine fibroids during pregnancy is usually expectant and surgical removal is generally delayed until after delivery. We present a case of a large, ...

The purpose of this study is to classify the uterine contractions in the electromyography (EMG) signal. As the frequency content of the contraction changes from one woman to another and during the pregnancy, wavelet decomposition is used to extract the parameters of each contraction, and an unsupervised statistical classification method ...

We present a case of a patient developing uterine prolapse during pregnancy. The cervix reached the introitus at 10 weeks gestation and subsequently protruted progressively as the pregnancy advanced. The patient was conservatively treated with bed rest and the main maternal and fetal risks are avoided. At 4 months postpartum ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography were used for the differential diagnosis and preoperative planning of a 17 weeks of age rudimentary horn pregnancy. A 26-year-old primigravida was referred to our hospital with a preliminary diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy. After an inconclusive ultrasound evaluation we were able to identify ...

The nonpregnant uterus shows uterine activity throughout the menstrual cycle. This uterine activity was detected both by single strep tissue and by using intrauterine pressure recordings in vitro and in vivo. Today, ultrasound has made it possible to study this activity with a noninvasive approach and to assess uterine contractions ...

BACKGROUND: Uterine dehiscence in the past has been treated with delivery of the pregnancy and repair of the uterus or cesarean hysterectomy. Uterine repair and continuation of the pregnancy has not been attempted to our knowledge. CASE: A patient with a history of a laparoscopic myomectomy presented at 28 weeks ...

OBJECTIVE: The reproductive outcomes for women after the pregnancy complicated by maternal-fetal surgery were evaluated to obtain evidence-based information for prenatal risk counseling. STUDY DESIGN: The retrospective review identified 83 women with maternal-fetal surgery from a single institution (1996-2002). These women were sent a consent form and a questionnaire to ...

The variations in sulfation patterns of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) present in human normal myometrium and uterine leiomyoma were characterized following specific enzymic treatments and analysis by high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE). Differences in the disaccharide composition of galactosaminoglycans (GalAGs) between normal myometrium and uterine leiomyoma were found. The results of this study ...

A case of heterotopic pregnancy is reported that presented with 7 weeks of amenorrhea, lower abdominal pain and spotting per vaginum. Ultrasound showed an intra-uterine gestational sac as well as right-sided ruptured tubal pregnancy. Emergency laparotomy and right salpingectomy was performed. Subsequent ongoing alive intra-uterine pregnancy was delivered by vaginal ...

OBJECTIVE: Transperitoneal transmigration of sperm constitutes the mechanism by which ectopic pregnancies occur in unilaterally obstructed fallopian tubes. This study was undertaken to determine how often sperm transmigrate across the peritoneal cavity to effect human pregnancy. DESIGN: In women with non-communicating rudimentary uterine horn pregnancies, the ratio of total uterine ...

Women who have had a cesarean section have a risk of uterine rupture when undergoing a second-trimester pregnancy termination. Beyond the first trimester, uterine rupture has been associated with the use of labor-induction agents and, less often, a placenta accreta. Scar dehiscence, a less disruptive form of scar separation, has ...

OBJECTIVE: To revel the effect of trauma during pregnancy CASE REPORT: Mrs. L.P. was a booked 28-year old para1+0, trader who in her last confinement in 2001 had a lower uterine segment caesarean section for prolonged labour. Her post-operative period was said to have been complicated by wound sepsis necessitating ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic management and the reproductive outcome after surgical repair of a rare reproductive malformation. STUDY DESIGN: Sixteen women with a complete septate uterus, double cervix, and a longitudinal vaginal septum were referred for evaluation. Presenting complaints were chiefly pregnancy loss in parous ...