Vernix caseosa is a white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of the fetus during the last trimester of pregnancy. Vernix coating on the neonatal skin protects the newborn skin and facilitates extra-uterine adaptation of skin in the first postnatal week if not washed away after birth. It consists ...

BACKGROUND: Uterine incarceration is an infrequent complication of pregnancy in the early second trimester. Although imaging can be confirmatory, the diagnosis is made primarily on clinical grounds, and definitive treatment involves manual reduction to restore the proper anatomic position. Except for preexisting uterine retroversion, often this event is idiopathic. CASE: ...

BACKGROUND: To study the Socio-demographic profiles and mode of clinical presentations of with uterine rupture in pregnancy in Calabar, Nigeria. METHOD: Medical records of 67 patients managed for ruptured gravid uterus over 10 years in Maternity section of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria were reviewed. RESULTS: An ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the reproductive outcomes after laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion (LUAO) and uterine artery embolization (UAE) in women with symptomatic fibroids. DESIGN: Prospective, clinical multicentric study. SETTING: Endoscopic center in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at a hospital in the Czech Republic. PATIENT(S): Thirty-eight pregnant women after LUAO ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the current understanding of the role the uterus plays in embryo implantation and to outline congenital anomalies and acquired diseases that impact normal uterine function. DESIGN: The publications related to the embryo implantation, Mullerian anomalies, uterine polyps, uterine synechiae, and myomas were identified through Medline and reviewed. ...

Llama reproductive physiology is unique when compared with other livestock species. Llamas carry 95-98% of all pregnancies in the left uterine horn. It is believed that there is a physiological difference between the uterine horns that contributes to this phenomenon. This study examined the uterine environment for protease and protease ...

Thesis (Ph. D. in Medical Sciences)--University of Tsukuba, (B), no. 1331, 1997.11.30

Pregnancy in a non-communicating rudimentary horn is rare and such a pregnancy culminating in the delivery of a live fetus is even rarer. Despite advances in ultrasonography, the accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing rudimentary horn pregnancy at advanced gestation remains elusive. Confirmatory diagnosis is made only at laparotomy. We report ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review highlights the difficulties currently caused by the ill-defined and confused use of terminologies to describe symptoms, signs and causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. It also attempts to put usage of modern terminologies in an historical context with important lessons for current usage. RECENT FINDINGS: Confused ...

A 44-year-old woman had an uncomplicated vaginal delivery, immediately followed by severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain and hypotension. An emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed a hemoperitoneum caused by a ruptured blood vessel on a large pedunculated uterine fibroid. An unsuccessful myomectomy was attempted, followed by an emergency hysterectomy. This manuscript ...

Fibroids may cause infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Studies have analysed the reproductive results after myomectomy according to the size, location and number of fibroids removed, but data are insufficient about comparison of opening the uterine cavity or not during surgery. Two hundred twenty-nine abdominal myomectomies with the indication of ...

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an uncommon problem and traditional treatment by hysterectomy excludes the possibility of future pregnancy. Developments in interventional techniques make transcatheter embolization of the feeding vessel(s) a therapeutic alternative, potentially preserving the patient's fertility. We present a case of successful endovascular treatment of uterine AVM.

The present study was designed to determine ANG peptide content [ANG I, ANG II, ANG-(1-7)], ACE2 mRNA, and the immunocytochemical distribution of ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 in the uteroembryonic unit during early and late gestation in Sprague-Dawley rats and in a rat model of pregnancy-induced hypertension, the reduced uterine perfusion pressure ...

The process of implantation absolutely depends on synchronized development of the blastocyst to implantation competency, differentiation of the uterus to the receptive state and a reciprocal dialogue between the blastocyst and the uterus. The uterus is comprised of heterogeneous cell types that respond differentially to ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and ...

BACKGROUND/AIM: To examine the effect of oral mifepristone on uterine activity in postterm human pregnancies. METHODS: As part of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing 200 mg oral mifepristone to placebo for preinduction cervical ripening in women with well-dated pregnancies beyond 41 weeks' gestation with unfavorable cervices, uterine activity was continuously ...

We report the first case of successful continuation of pregnancy after repair of a midgestational uterine rupture with the use of a fibrin-coated collagen fleece (TachoComb, Nycomed, Linz, Austria). For midgestational uterine rupture, adequate uterine repair and close surveillance of preterm labor could improve perinatal outcome by permitting continuation of ...

Puerperal uterine inversion is an uncommon but life threatening obstetrical emergency. A 26-year-old woman, para six, was referred from a peripheral hospital seven days after delivery, with a mass protruding per vaginum. Complete uterine inversion had occurred after delivery of baby and placenta. She was resuscitated and her genital infection ...

BACKGROUND: Rupture of the unscarred gravid uterus is very rare. The event occurs mostly during the intrapartum period and is potentially catastrophic for both mother and fetus. The management in general is prompt termination of pregnancy and hysterectomy. CASE: A successful term delivery followed spontaneous rupture of the uterus during ...

BACKGROUND: A uterine scar is a well-known riskfactorfor both abnormal placentation and uterine rupture, both of which may lead to a serious obstetric hemorrhage. CASE: A 23-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0 with a history of first-trimester dilatation and curettage (D&C) experienced a life-threatening obstetric hemorrhage due to uterine rupture ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess endometrial polyp location and abnormal endometrial findings and their impact on pregnancy rate. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Reproductive clinic in Kanagawa, Japan. PATIENT(S): A retrospective study was conducted on 230 infertility patients who had an endometrial polyp, as suspected on the basis of ultrasound and as diagnosed ...

A 30-year-old gravida 2 para 1 was admitted to hospital 2 years after cesarean section at 20 weeks' gestation with acute onset of abdominal pain and hypovolaemic shock. Emergency laparotomy revealed a uterine rupture located in the anterior uterine wall caused by a placenta percreta and supracervical hysterectomy was performed. ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fibroid morphology in a cohort of women achieving pregnancy following treatment with uterine artery embolization (UAE) for symptomatic uterine fibroids. A retrospective review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the uterus was performed to assess pre-embolization fibroid morphology. Data were collected ...

Rupture of a gravid uterus is a surgical emergency. Predisposing factors include a scarred uterus. Spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus during pregnancy is a rare occurrence. We hereby present the case of a spontaneous complete uterine rupture at a gestational age of 34 weeks in a 35 year old ...

Occludin, an integral protein associated with the mammalian tight junction, has for the first time been identified in the uterus of squamate reptiles. The tight junction is made up of anastamosing strands and forms a selective barrier that regulates paracellular diffusion of solutes across uterine epithelium. Occludin exclusively labels tight ...

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous rupture of uterine vessels during pregnancy is rare and usually involves uteroovarian veins. Presenting symptoms include acute-onset abdominal pain and maternal hypovolemic collapse due to hemoperitoneum. An atypical case of subacute uterine artery rupture at 27 weeks of gestation occurred in a woman with sickle cell disease. CASE: ...

The growing body of evidence concerning the safety and efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) has led to increasing confidence amongst gynecologists and interventional radiologists that UAE can be used safely to treat women with symptomatic fibroids. UAE is clearly preferable for certain subgroups of patients, for example those with ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare reproductive outcome in women with uterine anomalies and women with a normal uterus, and evaluate the effect of resectoscope metroplasty. METHODS: The pregnancy outcomes, past and present, of 105 women with congenital uterine anomalies were compared with those of 182 women with a normally shaped uterus. The ...

In cattle, the first postpartum dominant follicle grows slower and produces less oestradiol in animals with high numbers of bacteria contaminating the uterine lumen. However, only bacteria that are uterine pathogens are correlated with severe clinical disease and an increased inflammatory response. It is unknown whether the effect on the ...

At present, postpartum hemorrhage is still an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. When medical therapy has no success, conservative surgical procedures are applied before making a hysterectomy. Three transverse sutures are applied to the entire uterine wall both to the right and the left side of the uterus. ...

A 29-year-old nulliparous patient was treated with uterine artery embolization (UAE) for a large symptomatic uterine fibroid, resulting in a marked reduction of the tumor volume. She subsequently conceived and progressed through pregnancy uneventfully. At cesarean section for breech presentation at term, a large fundal myometrial defect was encountered. In ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Uterine artery embolization for management of symptomatic fibroids is an effective and increasingly popular treatment option. There are several studies evaluating the effects of uterine artery embolization on later pregnancies; however, the effects on fertility are still largely uncertain. This paper reviews the current literature on the ...

OBJECTIVE: To present a description of the management of a pregnancy in a woman who had undergone endometrial ablation and uterine artery embolization for fibroids. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine within a tertiary community-based teaching hospital. PATIENT(S): A 43-year-old G2P1 woman who had undergone a hydrothermal ...

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the improvement of uterine receptivity following administration of oxytocin and vasopressin V1A antagonist atosiban. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Private reproductive medicine center. PATIENT(S): A 42-year-old woman with a history of 15 years' infertility and seven failed in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF-ET) attempts. INTERVENTION(S): Atosiban (mixed vasopressin V1A/oxytocin ...

Uterine myoma is a common benign tumour in women and most cases do not require treatment. Excessive uterine bleeding is usually due to a submucous myoma or an intramural myoma that is encroaching into the uterine cavity. After eliminating endometrial malignancy, perimenopausal women could be managed expectantly or with gonadotrophin-releasing ...

Fertility-sparing and minimally invasive surgeries are advancing everyday in gynecologic oncology. However, data on conservation of ovaries in uterine müllerian adenosarcoma are limited due to its very rare incidence in reproductive-aged females. Conservation of both ovaries along with adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in a 14-year-old girl with uterine adenosarcoma. After ...

A patient conceived 7 years after undergoing a routine laparoscopic myomectomy of an 11-cm pedunculated myoma. Monopolar modulated current (coagulating) was used for hemostasis, and no suturing was necessary. The pregnancy was uneventful until the 34th week, when pain and contractions signaled uterine rupture. Mother and baby did well after ...

Uterine prolapse is extremely rare during pregnancy. However in some cases significant complications may develop. We report a case of uterine prolapse which developed during pregnancy. Our case was managed conservatively and there were no fetal or maternal complications. Postnatally the uterine prolapse recovered spontaneously. Early recognition and close follow-up ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the currently available literature regarding the biology, etiology, symptoms, and diagnosis of uterine myomas. DESIGN: Literature review of 220 articles pertaining to uterine myomas. RESULT(S): Although uterine myomas presently are not well understood, many advances have been made in the understanding of the hormonal factors, genetic factors, ...

Disorders of the menstrual cycle are common problems in ambulatory medicine. Abnormal uterine bleeding describes bleeding that is excessive or outside the normal menstrual cycle. In the premenopausal woman, the differential diagnosis is broad, and pregnancy must always be considered. Determining whether the bleeding is ovulatory or anovulatory is a ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of a formula combining the prolate ellipsoid (uterine corpus) and cylinder (uterine cervix) formulas in estimating the preoperative weight of the total uterus using a transvaginal ultrasound probe to obtain the uterine dimensions for the formulas. STUDY DESIGN: Three dimensions of the uterine corpus (length, ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of a heterotopic pregnancy with two gestational sacs in the cervix and one in the uterine cavity. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary university hospital. PATIENT(S): A 45-year-old woman was diagnosed with a triplet gestation 7 weeks following IVF treatment for primary infertility of 5 ...

This retrospective study examined the effect of hysteroscopic correction of an incomplete uterine septum on IVF outcome. Measurement of the Fm (fundal myometrial thickness) and Cm (cornual myometrial thickness) was performed by sonohysterography. Group 1 included patients diagnosed with incomplete septum (n = 119), fulfilling the two criteria of Fm ...

A 31-year-old multipara woman pregnant at gestational age 32+ weeks with twins encountered hemoperitoneum resulting from superficial uterine vessel rupture during tocolytic course. The initial presentations were unspecific and sonographic examination was negative. Later the aggravated symptoms led to an impression of abruption placentae and emergent cesarean section was performed. ...

This is the first reported case of the use of Monsel's solution to arrest excessive uterine bleeding after the evacuation of retained products of conception after a miscarriage. Monsel's solution impregnated into a uterine pack was used to secure hemostasis. Fertility was preserved because 7 months later the woman became ...

BACKGROUND: Incarceration of the retroverted gravid uterus is an extremely rare diagnosis in the third trimester that carries significant maternal operative and postoperative morbidity. CASE: The condition was diagnosed clinically in the third trimester of a primigravida. Despite the preoperative diagnosis, operative delivery proved difficult, requiring delivery of the fetus ...

OBJECTIVE: To review evidence supporting the use of uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) as an alternative to hysterectomy and myomectomy for managing uterine fibroids. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: MEDLINE was searched using the MeSH terms embolization, therapeutic; leiomyoma; treatment outcome; pregnancy; and clinical trials. Most published studies on use of UFE for ...

Rudimentary horn is one of the rarest congenital uterine anomalies and consists of a relatively normal appearing uterus on one side with a rudimentary horn on the other side. It is difficult to diagnose before surgery and hazardous to maternal life as rupture of pregnant horn result in severe hemoperitoneum. ...

A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is a rare mullerian abnormality which may cause many gynecological and obstetrical complications. Rupture of pregnant rudimentary horn in the second trimester is the usual presentation, resulting in maternal morbidity and even mortality.

Pregnancy in a noncommunicating rudimentary horn is an extremely rare and a life-threatening condition as it mostly terminates by rupture by the second trimester of pregnancy. Postdated pregnancy and delivery of a live fetus in a rudimentary horn have been rarely reported. A case of noncommunicating unruptured rudimentary horn pregnancy ...

The objective of this study was to measure rupture time of gelatin and hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or HPMC) capsules using a novel approach based on real-time dissolution spectroscopy. Rupture time was measured in standard dissolution apparatus at a constant temperature using a dip-type fiber-optic probe. Labrasol released from the capsules ...