OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) on minor complications, associated additional medication use during pregnancy and the consequent cost implications. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of case notes. SETTING: Labour wards, tertiary referral hospital, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, UK. Population Six hundred and fifty-one women with a singleton ...

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PE), complicate 2-8% of pregnancies. Few studies have examined environmental risk factors in relation to these conditions. Our goal was to examine whether pesticide exposure during pregnancy was associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We analyzed self-reported data from 11,274 ...

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the obstetric consequences in a second pregnancy after a first singleton pregnancy complicated by spontaneous preterm delivery or preeclampsia and stratified by the variation in fetal growth. METHODS: In a registry-based cohort study, we identified women having a first and second singleton delivery in Denmark from 1978 ...

OBJECTIVES: To test whether HLA-DR4 acts in the mother, possibly during pregnancy, to contribute to the phenotype of autistic disorder in her fetus. DESIGN: Transmission disequilibrium testing in case mothers and maternal grandparents. SETTING: Previous studies have consistently shown increased frequency of HLA-DR4 in probands with autism and their mothers, ...

Maternal diet may influence outcomes of pregnancy and childhood, but data on correlates of food and nutrient intake during pregnancy are scarce. To examine relationships between maternal characteristics and diet quality during the first trimester of pregnancy. Secondarily we examined associations of diet quality with pregnancy outcomes. As part of ...

BACKGROUND: In order for individual health institutions in Nigeria to contribute towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) with regards to maternal health, there is need for research on the local causes of and factors influencing adverse maternal outcomes. This would enable care providers and policy makers appreciate ...

To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and factors associated with these disorders among pregnant women of low socio-economic status (SES) in S??o Paulo. We performed a cross-sectional study with 831 women in their 20th to 30th weeks of pregnancy, who were attending antenatal clinics in primary care ...

OBJECTIVE: Occasionally, either for urgent diagnostic reasons or by accident, pregnant women are exposed to technetium scintigraphy, the consequences of which were unknown, due to lack of systematic data. Therefore, clinical data was needed to assess the risk and safety of technetium scintigraphy with respect to prenatal development. METHODOLOGY: Requests ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of underweight, overweight, and obesity on the risk of miscarriage in the subsequent pregnancy in women with recurrent miscarriage. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the database of a tertiary recurrent miscarriage center. SETTING: The recurrent miscarriage clinic at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals. PATIENT(S): ...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of congenital abnormalities in the offspring of pregnant women with symptomatic cholelithiasis and complicated cholecystitis. STUDY DESIGN: Comparison of the occurrence of medically recorded symptomatic cholelithiasis and complicated cholecystitis occurred any time of pregnancy (particularly in the second and/or third gestational month) of pregnant women ...

In animal models, there is evidence to suggest a causal link between maternal cortisol levels during pregnancy and offspring outcomes; however, evidence for this relationship in humans is inconclusive. We address important confounders of this association by estimating the relationship between maternal cortisol levels in late pregnancy and childhood IQ ...

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth [PTB], preeclampsia [PRE], fetal growth restriction [FGR], or perinatal death) in women with periodontal disease (PD) compared to those without. STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled women from 3 sites between 6 and 20 weeks' gestation. The ...

OBJECTIVE: In the context of the planned International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology-World Health Organization multicenter study for the development of fetal growth standards for international application, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the safety of human exposure to ultrasonography in pregnancy. METHODS: A systematic ...

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that cosmetologists are at increased risk of poor pregnancy outcomes compared with women of the same age who are not cosmetologists. METHODS: Participants were recruited through mass mailing of questionnaires. To be included in the study, respondents to the survey had to be aged between ...

BACKGROUND: There is currently an experts' agreement discouraging interruption of antiretroviral treatment (ART) during the first trimester of pregnancy in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, this recommendation is poorly supported by data. We evaluated the effects of discontinuing ART during pregnancy on the rate of ...

OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed to test the association between asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy, among patients in whom antibiotic treatment was recommended, and perinatal outcome. Our study was also designed to characterize common bacteria and risk factors associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy. METHODS: A retrospective population-based study comparing ...

We examined whether adult women's intention for future pregnancy predicted actual pregnancies occurring in a 2-year follow-up study. Data are from the Central Pennsylvania Women's Health Study population-based longitudinal survey of women ages 18-45 (n = 1,420). The analytic sample consists of 889 nonpregnant women who had reproductive capacity. Intention ...

OBJECTIVES: Heartburn and acid reflux are common medical disorders in pregnancy and can result in serious discomfort and complications. Furthermore, some pregnant women also experience more severe gastrointestinal conditions, such as Helicobacter pylori infections, peptic ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. To allow the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in pregnancy, ...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the risks for cerebral palsy in survivors of multiple pregnancies with cofetal loss (< 20 weeks' gestation) or cofetal death (>or= 20 weeks' gestation). STUDY DESIGN: The total Western Australian population-based case-control study included 741 cases of cerebral palsy. RESULTS: Antenatal cofetal loss or death occurred ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether abdominal adiposity in early pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of glucose intolerance at a later gestational stage. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Subcutaneous and visceral fat was measured with ultrasonography at approximately 12 weeks' gestation. A 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) was performed between 24 ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine risk factors for postterm (gestational age >or= 42 weeks) or prolonged (gestational age >or= 41 weeks) pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all term, singleton pregnancies delivered at a mature, managed care organization. The primary outcome measures ...

Miscarriage is a common and poorly understood adverse pregnancy outcome. In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the relation between self-reported use of prenatal vitamins in early pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage. Between 2000 and 2008, 4,752 US women were prospectively enrolled in Right From the Start. Information ...

There is growing evidence that traffic-related air pollution reduces birth weight. Improving exposure assessment is a key issue to advance in this research area. We investigated the effect of prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution via geographic information system (GIS) models on birth weight in 570 newborns from the INMA ...

OBJECTIVE: To perform an analysis of data with consideration for the current clinically accepted vaginal progesterone (P) or intramuscular (IM) P dosing regimens and the clinically relevant randomized clinical trials published during the time frame 1992 to 2008. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of progesterone luteal support in IVF cycles using odds ratios ...

BACKGROUND: There seems to be little discussion between patient and physician about the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs), perhaps because they are not perceived to have adverse effects on fertility. We therefore compared ongoing pregnancy and live birth rate in spontaneous users and non-users of CAM during a ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how uterine artery embolization (UAE) might alter the risk profile for pregnancies complicated by fibroids. DESIGN: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of existing studies. SETTING: Academic reproductive medicine unit. PATIENT(S): Women with fibroids. INTERVENTION(S): A systematic literature review, raw data extraction, and data analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the association between occupational factors and pregnancy outcomes in a prospective cohort of Irish pregnant women. DESIGN: This study has a prospective design. POPULATION: The Lifeways cohort included 1124 pregnant women, 676 of whom delivered a single baby and were working ...

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain if antidepressants, as a group, increase the risk for major malformations, as well as assessing each individual antidepressant. METHODS: At The Motherisk Program, we analyzed pregnancy outcomes of women (n = 1243) from prospectively collected cases in our database, who were exposed to antidepressants during their pregnancy. ...

OBJECTIVE: Investigation of increased oxidative stress in early pregnancy and association with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetus. DESIGN: Longitudinal case-control study. SETTING: University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. POPULATION: Low-risk pregnant women with no current or pre-existing medical illness were recruited at a large teaching hospital ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate pregnancy outcome of patients with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). METHODS: A population-based study comparing all pregnancies of patients with and without a history of DVT was conducted. Deliveries occurred during the years 1988-2007 at a tertiary Medical Center. Stratified analyses were performed using multivariable ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of a combination of sonographic, clinical and demographic data for detecting fetal macrosomia compared to ultrasound fetal weight estimation alone. METHODS: Retrospective cohort data were obtained from 1062 pregnancies in an unselected population. Estimated fetal sonographic weight was obtained within the last week prior ...

Studies relying on outdoor pollutants measures have reported associations between air pollutants and birth weight. Our aim was to assess the relation between maternal personal exposure to airborne benzene during pregnancy and fetal growth. We recruited pregnant women in two French maternity hospitals in 2005-2006 as part of the EDEN ...

BACKGROUND: Acetaminophen use during pregnancy has been associated with a reduced risk of stillbirth and preterm birth, but findings are based on few studies with small numbers of exposed women. METHODS: To examine whether prenatal exposure to acetaminophen reduces the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, we used data from the ...

Systemic thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), streptokinase or urokinase is considered as high-risk treatment in pregnancy. However, several reports have described the successful use of systemic thrombolysis in pregnant patients with massive pulmonary embolism and haemodynamic instability. We describe a 34-year old, pregnant female, who presented at 25 ...

to identify risk factors associated with neonatal transfers from a free-standing birth centre to a hospital. epidemiological case-control study. midwifery-led free-standing birth centre in São Paulo, Brazil. 96 newborns were selected from 2840 births between September 1998 and August 2005. Cases were defined as all newborns transferred from the birth ...

PURPOSE: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a disease associated with high-perinatal morbidity and mortality rates. It is important to have parameters that aid in predicting fetal outcomes. Certain parameters affecting asphyxia in newborns to mothers with ICP are evaluated in this study. METHODS: One hundred eighty-seven cholestatic pregnancies were ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether maternal multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in an East Asian country by using a nationwide population-based dataset. METHOD: This study linked two nationwide population-based datasets, the birth certificate registry and the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Dataset. We identified ...

BACKGROUND: The influence of pregnancy on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been extensively studied but such influence on Latin American women with MS has not been characterized. Our objective was to describe the course of pregnancy and birth outcome in Argentinean MS patients and the evolution of MS during pregnancy and ...

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively compare the feasibility, safety, morbidity, and pregnancy outcome of laparoscopy (LPS) and minilaparotomy (LPT) in the treatment of symptomatic uterine myomas. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized study. SETTING: Advanced Gynecological Endoscopy Center, Malzoni Medical Center, Avellino, Italy. PATIENT(S): 680 nonconsecutive patients with symptomatic uterine myomas. INTERVENTION(S): 350 women underwent ...

Determine whether periodontitis progression during pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes. We used clinical data and birth outcomes from the Obstetrics and Periodontal Therapy Study, in which randomly selected women received periodontal treatment before 21 weeks of gestation (N=413) or after delivery (410). Birth outcomes were available for 812 ...

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether clinical features of pemphigoid gestationis (PG), such as timing of onset and severity, may affect pregnancy outcomes or whether the adverse outcomes in pregnancies complicated by PG are related to or worsened by systemic corticosteroid treatment. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the associations of adverse pregnancy outcomes ...

BACKGROUND: Hairdressers and cosmetologists are commonly exposed to chemicals, poor posture and psychological stress that may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. AIMS: To assess whether work as a hairdresser and cosmetologist during pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight, preterm delivery, small for gestational age (SGA) and ...

To investigate the impact of maternal-inherited thrombophilia: effects of factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin gene mutation (FII 20210G>A) on the development of recurrent pregnancy loss in embryonic and postembryonic periods. A total of 153 patients were analysed for FVL and FII 20210G>A according to placenta gestation: 94 women with ...

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer used in consumer and medical products that can cross the placenta, disrupt steroid hormone synthesis, and activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. The authors examined DEHP exposure in relation to the timing of labor in a pregnancy cohort study of 283 women recruited in 4 ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between chorionic villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis and the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This study is a single-site retrospective case control study using medical records of patients seen at Yale-New Haven Hospital. A total of ...

Some large ecological studies have noted a significant association of testicular cancer (TC) with maternal smoking during pregnancy, while several more controlled studies have been negative. It has been difficult to obtain reliable data on exposure because of the long lag time to cancer diagnosis. We performed a case-control study ...

BACKGROUND: Relationships between ambient air pollution levels during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes have been investigated using one of three analytic approaches: ambient pollution levels have been contrasted over space, time or both space and time. Although the three approaches share a common goal, to estimate the causal effects of ...

BACKGROUND: Studies of the relation between maternal diet in pregnancy and respiratory and atopic outcomes in the offspring have focused on the effects of individual nutrients and foods rather than dietary patterns. A study was undertaken to determine whether dietary patterns in pregnancy are related to childhood asthma and related ...

BACKGROUND: Non-clinical psychosis-like symptoms (PLIKS) occur in about 15% of the population. It is not clear whether adverse events during early development alter the risk of developing PLIKS. We aimed to examine whether maternal infection, diabetes or pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, gestational age, perinatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation or 5-min Apgar score were ...

The objectives of this study were to investigate prevalence of urinary incontinence at 6 months postpartum and to study how continence status during pregnancy and mode of delivery influence urinary incontinence at 6 months postpartum in primiparous women. Cohort study. Pregnant women attending routine ultrasound examination were recruited to the ...